Adolf Tolkachev, he māngai CIA: biography, hopu, tamataraa, te mate whiu

Kazakh pa o Aktobe, te wahi January 6, whanau 1927 ko Adolf Georgievich Tolkachev, te tirohia, heke mai, me te kore i mahara. Kua i te tau o rua matua oho ia ki Moscow, i reira noho ai ia i tona ora katoa. Ko te okotahi anake 1948-1954 tau., ka ako Tolkachev i te Kharkov Kuratini Institute. ka waiho te tangata taitama he kaipūkaha i te mara o te hihiani. Ko te āhua Soviet wāriutia taua kaimahi, me i te wa taua tino whakahaere ratou mahi. i tonoa Tolkachev i raro i te tikanga ki te Institute o Radio Engineering Research. Maori ki mātanga Aktyubinsk tonu i roto i te mua - tatari ia mo tau i roto i te hinonga tūmataiti.

Initsiativniki

Tona whakapā tuatahi ki te noho American Adolf Tolkachev tamata ki whakapumautia i roto i 1977, ka ko ia 50 tau. I roto i tona whakawhāititanga, i ia te uru ki ngā tuhinga nui e pā ana ki te "ahumahi korero" Soviet. Hoki te maramarama ratonga kōrero ke taea riro te kaimahi rawa faufaa.

te kitenga o Adolf Tolkachev e ki te tiki i roto i te pa ki i te CIA kua tino uaua i roto i tona tūranga. Tikanga, ratonga ite ratou whatunga whakaritenga o māngai i roto i te tari e hiahia ana ratou. Ko hoki Tolkachev "Initsiativniki" - tangata o te USSR, e haere noa ki te mahi ki nga Ameliká. Rapu mō rangatira CIA, ka anga ia e tata ana te karere. pono āpiha Intelligence i raro uhi takawaenga. Tona tuhipoka tuatahi ki Ameliká Adolf Tolkachev mahue i raro i te wiper o te motokā. Tātaihia motokā takawaenga ko reira ngāwari - haere ratou ki te onge Soviet mō waka utu.

reta ingoamuna

ähua te CIA ki ore te ki te tuhipoka mahue ingoamuna. kī te kaituhi i ia te uru ki ngā tuhinga hōia tairongo ka ko rite ki te mahi ki nga Ameliká. Heoi, kihai i te maramarama whakapono e tuhipoka tuatahi. he whakamātau taua ki te tiki i roto i te pa titiro pau rawa. wehi te CIA kia waiho te tuhipoka he KGB counterintelligence tapehatanga.

Ko te pirihimana ngaro Soviet i kahore mōhiohio i runga i te tahi mau āpiha US mahi i raro i uhi. Rapu mō hoariri tonu nga ra, a ngāwari i taea e KGB rangatira waiho he tuhipoka teka mo whakaū.

tuhipoka hou

Ahakoa te kore tuatahi, i tamau Adolf Tolkachev. Tau hepetoma i muri, i mahue ia i tetahi atu tuhipoka. Te reira i roto kē iti mōhiohio e pā ana ki etahi o nga āhuatanga o te pūnaha hihiani Soviet. i tino mōhiohio, te uru ki nei kihai i Amelika ano i tenei. Heoi, e kore e tenei pepa riria CIA rangatira Stansfield Turner.

e kore e Tolkachev kua whakahaere ki te tiki i roto i te pa ki te ratonga maramarama ke, ki te noho kore kōkiri Gardner Hathaway. kihai ia i faaite i te mata o te tirohanga o ana rangatira, a ka wehi, kia mahue te CIA nui mo tona anga. Na reira, i muri i nga pitopito kōrero Hathaway muri ka tono ki te tari matua i roto i Langley waea categorical, tono hoki whakaaetanga ki te karanga i te tau ingoamuna tohua. I muri i te tahi mau feaa hopea hoatu Turner te haere-mua. i waimarie Hathaway - i runga i haere mai i te mahana o te manatu CIA i te Taparima - kua whakahuatia te Tari US o Defence moni i roto i tetahi mōhiohio e pā ana ki te reo irirangi Soviet.

whakapā tuatahi

waea US noho ki Tolkachev me e pā ana ki te Institute o Radio mahue he mōkihi mo ia, i roto i nei takoto i te rārangi o ngā pātai e pā ana ki te radars Soviet. i tata whanga ana āpiha i nga matapihi o tona waka i rite te tangata waenganui-koroheke i roto i te wa puaatoro ka whakaturia ka mau te paihere tikanga ia.

haere te wiki. Anonymous i te ara ano i mahue nga Ameliká ratou whakahoki. A, no te te CIA wetewetehia nga raraunga, ka reira mārama e te pātai o te mahanga KGB taea kore e haere. ngā mōhiohio New i runga i te hihiani ko parau tumu na faufaa, me te nui e te "mema o te komiti" e kore i tuku nei i te reira ki te kitea whatunga tirohia, hoariri.

"Sphere"

I roto i te tīmatanga o 1979, i te pae hopea tutaki Tolkachev ki US noho. ka fo'ou māngai CIA te tohu karanga "Sphere" (i whiriwhiri ai tenei ingoa i tika ki te meka e i roto i te pukapuka i korero i te tangata e pā ana ki te whai wāhi ki te kōrero i runga i te whanaketanga o pāpaka i roto i te tuakoi raro o nga whāinga o te pūnaha). kī ano Tolkachev e ka hoatu e ia nga whika hou o te hihiani, e hohoro ka whai nui-tere mig-25.

pūnaha Uara whakaahuatia kaihoko tūao i nui. hihiani Soviet taua taea te rererangi i te teitei tiketike aru i taputapu iti-rere, me te missiles. Na tawhiti, kahore ano he rererangi USSR kihai i te tīariari. Ko te whakaraeraetanga o te radars Soviet tawhito hoatu Ameliká te whai wāhi ki te whakamahi i tōtika rererangi iti-hiki me missiles ipu matatau, rere atu o aroaro o te taputapu hoariri.

kaihoko hiahia

Ko reira pākiki e Tolkachev whakatakotoria ia i roto i tetahi o ana pukapuka tuatahi i roto i te mahere mō te whāinga roa-o te mahi ki te CIA. hiahia ia ki te haere tuhinga ngaro mō te 12 tau. i wehea te mahi katoa ki whitu ngā wāhanga. whakaahuatia Tolkachev i taipitopito te mea te pepa, me te ka e hoatu a reira ona tūhono.

whakakitea Mahere Māngai te mafatukituki o tona whakaaro. Kaipūkaha hoki te wa roa te faaineineraa no te whakapā tuatahi ki te Ameliká. tuhituhi ia i haere ia ki te hoatu i te Soviet Union te kino taea nui. tuhinga ngaro o te taputapu ārai ia ki te tahuri hoki, ka wareware e pā ana ki tenei kōrero, engari kihai i Tolkachev e haere ana ki te hoki whakamuri.

angitu CIA

kōrero teie mahana whakapono nga ratonga haumarutanga e Tolkachev - tino nui kaihoko CIA i roto i te oraraa o te noho American i roto i te USSR. Ko te faufaa o te tuhinga tuku e te tūao, i roto i te meka i taea ki te whakaora i te rota o te moni i roto i nga Amelika whakamutunga. Ngätahi me te CIA, riro Tolkachev moni i roto i moni Soviet moni. I tua atu, kitea tona ingoa i te taha o te pēke US, kua oti nei te putu e pā ana ki e rua miriona tāra (ko reira pai ki te whai i roto i te hui o te ora kaihoko tāwāhi). Nui - he tauine nui i roto i te ora tangata kotahi. Heoi, ko te hōia pūtea o te USA ko reira wawau whakaritea ki te moni e taea e kua pau i roto i te heke mai i runga i te iwi ringa ki te Soviet Air Force.

US pokapū maramarama i roto i te mea o te pene whakaratohia tona ope he painga atu i runga i te hoariri. Ahakoa kore i te pakanga i waenganui i te USSR me te United States tupu, te raraunga i runga i hihiani me te waka rererangi ki te Taparima whai hua tonu. faaite Ameliká ratou mea ngaro nui ki nga tama a Iharaira i roto i te 80 whawhai ki nga Arapi, nei ope i rite rawa ki te taputapu Soviet. I muri whiwhi timata hoa mōhiohio rautaki rangi korero ngāwari kopere iho rererangi, i whiwhi e hoariri o te Soviet Union.

kaitiaki Tolkacheva

Hono ki te "Sphere" ko Hoani Gilsher, e i te wa o to ratou hui tuatahi ka tahuri 47 tau. ko ana matua aristocrats Russian, i whakangaromia Oketopa Revolution nei te ora. heke ratou ki te United States, te wahi i whanau ai ia Hoani. mohio ia te reo Russian, ahakoa mea ai i te reira ki te nako Paratiki. I mua i te whakaminenga Gilsher Tolkachev i riro kē wahi i roto i te rua ngā mahi nui o US maramarama. I whai wāhi ia i roto i te putanga o "Berlin Tunnel" me te whanaketanga o te tirohia, Oleg Penkovsky.

Ko te KGB hoki Gilsherom aroturuki ki te tiaki ngā. I roto i tona fare, ko reira te wiretapping. Kia ara kite Gilsher rite ngaro i te koti ruma i - ka mau Russian reira ki te waiho i te hopuoro, engari i hanga reira rawa fiemālie. Ahakoa te moni o te pirihimana ngaro Soviet ki a ia, i whiriwhiri ia upoko o te noho Moscow rite te takawaenga ki Tolkachev.

hui mōrearea

tutaki Engineer Tolkachev Adolf Georgievich Gilsherom pinepine o nga wa. hoatu te kaihoko nga rauemi tuhituhia me te rota o te kiriata. Nā ki tona tūranga, i ia wāhi ki te tuhinga motuhake i roto i te whare pukapuka o te katoa-Union Scientific Research Institute. Tolkachev riro hoki te whakamahi mōhiohio anake tuhinga whakarōpūtia rite "faufaa motuhake" a "Secret Top", kawea ana ratou e te kāinga me te reira i whakaahua i runga i kāmera Pentax, piri ki te heamana kai.

Gilsher ko te rangatira o te ahua, me te kore i mahi iti mai te tafifiraa. Ki te tiki marie ki te wahi ngaro o te hui, te tuatahi ka haere ia ki te karere i runga i te tina, ka haere atu i te tatau hoki me noho i roto i te motokā rite, te wahi kakahu i roto i nga kakahu angamaheni o te ënei whenua Soviet. Kia hoatu Gilsher moni me te pepa ki te kōrero whakamuna i roto i te paru hanga he Gauntlet, i huna i roto i te tihokahoka waea. mahue Tolkachev ata tangohia ake ana mea. Ko tonu te kaitiaki i raro i tirotiro o te KGB. i taea e ia te whakakore i te hui whaiaro, ki te matau tatou e ko te reira kino rawa no te mea o te "pānuitanga waho" hopu ia. Na ka noho tahi Gilsher araa i roto i te ahunga whakaae, tohu e hiahia te kaihoko ki te haere. I roto i te take o te whākinga o katoa whakawehi ana ki te mate, na i whakapā ki te tūpato otherworldly ahau.

Rīpene ki te kamaka 'n' pukapuka, me te mata kawemai

i mohio Tolkachev kihai i taea e ia te whakapau moni rawa nui riro i te Ameliká (ahakoa moni moni ka ia e pā ana ki 789 000 moni). Hei ora i roto i te ara nui i mōrearea rawa - kia hiahia i roto i te KGB ai ringaringa. Na reira whakahaere Tolkachev āhua tika tano. I ia tona motokā ake, me te tira, engari okioki katoa ki runga ki a ia i te mana tiketike i roto i te Institute. Ki te rere moni nui i roto i te CIA. Kei te tino maha kua taua moni te take o te kore o āpiha. Money haurangi a hua i roto i whai. I tua atu, te haamau'araa i te reira i roto i te mamae i Moscow takarepa i noa e kore i runga i taua.

Pākiki atu ara kore-pūtea utu Ameliká ki tona kaihoko. Tama Adolf Tolkachev (i roto i te 80 wawe 'ko ia he taiohi) pai waiata uru, te tuhi i roto i nei tino uaua ki te kitea ko te Soviet Union. Ako o tenei, ka anga noho ki te tuku i te "Sphere" rīpene ki te kamaka 'n' pukapuka. ka ui hoki Tolkachev ki hoki ratou mōhiohio pukapuka onge, ngā rongoā, heu matatahi kawemai. Wehi mo tona haumaru, ka ui ia e te capsule Ameliká o paihana i roto i te hui o te huaki i te KGB. peka te CIA ki hoatu paihana.

hopu

I roto i te 1980, riro John Gilsher he vāhenga-ngāue hou, a mahue Moscow. Otiia tonu Tolkachev ki te mahi ki te CIA. Otiia ki te hou hono ki reira he tino waimarie. Ko Edward Lee Howard. I roto i te 1983, i muri i te Polygraph whakamātautau CIA kitea e matou i roto i taua i ia ki te mahi i roto i te ratonga i te haumarutanga whakamahia taero. arahina te tutukitanga ki te pananga. hanga mamae Howard whakapā ki te KGB, a hoatu ana e te Komiti nga ingoa o te maha tutei mahi mo te Ameliká. I roto ia ratou a Adolf Tolkachev.

Pakipūmeka kiriata e pā ana ki tona take i roto i te anga o te "kaituku" kaupapa (rangatira - Andrei Lugovoy), ngā he maha o ngā uiuinga o te iwi whai wāhi i roto i te hopu o te kaimahi SRI. ka mau te mau herehere ana wahi i roto i te Pipiri 1985. Tolkachev, e kore kua riro i te paihana CIA, taea ki te mahi i te whakamomori. Hoia o "Arepa", ka mau ia ia i roto i te motokā, tapahia tonu kakahu tirohia, rapu i reira he oko huna o te wai.

Kooti me shooting

e kore te mea wetekina ka whakina e tonu kaihoko hopukina. whakawehi ia ki kopere i raro i nga tikanga o nga whakapae o te tuhinga "He he." inoi Tolkachev mō te tohu. Tona kupu mate tūmanakohia, a i roto i ēnei āhuatanga, e kia hari ki tetahi whiu herehere te tirohia.

roa te tūhuratanga me te whakamātautau atu atu i te tau. Art. 64 mahi tupato o pokapū maha i tūhura hiahiatia ki te tari o te rōia hāmene. I muri i te hopu o "ao" whakahaere KGB ki taupoki ana i te wahi nui o te whatunga tirohia. I roto i ngā, i mauheretia hoki ia e te kaitiaki Paora Stroumbah. Ko te whakarau o te kaihoko ano i mau tutuki i te wa o tona puke. E ai ki te Art. i whiua 64 Code o Kirimina ki te mate. ka mau te shooting wahi i runga i Mahuru 24, 1986.