Boyar Morozova - he ahua rongonui. Ko te kōrero te ora o boyar Morozova

Boyar Morozova Ko tetahi o nga tuakiri Russian pai-mohiotia nei mahue ratou tohu i roto i te aamu o te kāwanatanga. Ko tenei wahine te hoho'a tumu o te mata'u ore, me te pakeke, te reira te toa tino mo ona mau parau tumu me mana'o. Inu Boyarynya rangirua, mo te tangata te reira kiriweti mania, rite ki te haere ki te mate, engari e kore e hoatu ki runga o ratou whakapono, i roto i ētahi atu, ko reira he mea o te whakaute me te mateaki o tona resistance whakapono whāngai. Ko nga mea katoa ko reira, engari ko te reira - he ahua rongonui, me te whakawhetai ki te peita Surikov mahara kōrero ka atu noa atu i te kotahi whakatupuranga Morozova.

Origin Boyarina Morozova

whanau Prokopievna Theodosius ko May 21, 1632 i roto i Moscow, tona papa - Sokovnin Procopius Fedorovich - ko te kingi, ko te whanaunga o tona wahine tuatahi o Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, Mariey Ilinichnoy. ko noblewoman Future i roto i nga tangata nunui nei tahi te kuini. I te 17 tau o Theodosius moea e Morozova Gleba Ivanovicha. Ko tana tane he māngai o te whānau rangatira, i roto i te whanaungatanga ki te whānau o te Romanovs, e tata ana Moscow, i ia he fare whakapaipai Zyuzin, kiia ko te matua keke Prince, a mahi rite putea moe a te kingi. Te taea'e Gleb, Boris, he rawa taonga. mate ia i roto i 1662, me te pai kia rite te uri e kore ia ka, haere katoa te muri o te whanaunga.

Taonga me te mana Boyarina

I muri i te matenga o Gleb Ivanovich kāwanatanga o teina e rua riro he Ivan Glebovich tama iti Gleb, ko Theodosius, a ka riro te kaiwhakahaere tūturu o te taonga tona whaea. Ko te tino ngā te kōrero ora o boyar Morozova, no te mea i tenei wahine ratou ake whakaaro i runga i te ora. runga Theodosius Prokopievna Boyarina hoiho, i te mana nui, i tata ki te kingi. Ko tōna rawa i taea e anake hae: i noblewoman rave rahi whenua, engari noho ia i roto i te kainga Zyuzin, i whakatakotoria ake tou whare i runga i te tauira Western. I taua wa ko reira te fare tino whakapaipai.

Boyar Morozova hoatu tohutohu (!) Mano waru o serfs, anake i roto i tona whare i reira i pā ana ki 300 kaimahi. I roto i te Feodosiya ko he kaiako atamai, ka whakapaipai ki mosaic hiriwa, ia maha haere, topuni ki tona kaumoana o ono, ara kotahi tekau ma rua hoiho ki mekameka ngaehe ranei. I roto i boyarynya ngā haerenga tahi e pā ana ki 100 pononga tane, me te wahine, te tiaki i te reira i whakaeke. Morozov i aua ra whakaaro i tata te tangata momona i roto i Moscow.

He poupou o te whakapono Tawhito whakapono

Boyar Morozova ko te tautoko u'ana o te whakapono tawhito. ko ia tonu pukuaroha ki te rawakore me te wairangi tapu, Homai mea mana ratou. I tua atu, i roto i tona whare maha huihuia kau muimui o nga whakapono Old ki te inoi a tawhio noa kēnana tawhito i roto i te ata Old whakapono. i te wahine whakapā tata ki Avvakum, he apologist mo te whakapono tawhito, i kore e kite i te hanganga o Patereareha Nikon.

kakahu ia i te sote makawe, e penei "ki te whakamarie i te kikokiko." Otiia ko Hapakuku pouri Morozova, tohe ia ki te tikarohia i ona kanohi, pera i Mastridiya ki te tiaki ia koe i te mau faahemaraa o te aroha. riria ano e te tohunga boyarynya i aroha iti, no te mea ka tona huru ia i taea te mahi nui pai mō te tokomaha atu iwi i roto i te hiahia. Ano, Theodosius, ahakoa, ka ko pono ki te whakapono tawhito, tae mai te hahi o te rite hou, i meinga ki a ia te ohooho i runga i te wahi o conservatives.

tutu Morozova

i mohio te kingi e pā ana ki ngā whakapono Boyarina hoiho, me taua whanonga kihai i rite ia i te reira. karohia Theodosius hahi me ngā pāpori, i kore noa haere ia i te marena o Alexei Mikhailovich, ka mea ko ia rawa te mate. tamata te kingi i roto i nga ara ki te whakaawe boyarynya pakeke, tukua atu hoki te whakaaro ki a ia e ona whanaunga ki te kua tohutohu te wahine, ka tohe ana ki te tango i te whakapono hou, engari ko te reira i katoa i roto i te noa: Morozova i tu i runga i tona ake. Torutoru i mohio rite huaina Boyar Morozova i muri taurangi i te whakapono Old. ka mau puku tai reira, ka ka he ingoa hou - Theodore, whakamatautau tona taiao e tonu pono ki te whakapono tawhito.

Ko te kuini Maria Ilinichna e taheke-ake te roa o te riri o te kingi, me te tūranga tiketike o Boyarina kore whakaaetia konei kia tika ki te whiua ia, engari i haere mai te manawanui Alexei Mikhailovich ki te mutunga. I roto i te ahiahi, Noema 16, 1671 ki Morozova, ka haere mai Archimandrite Joachim ki karaka o te kaunihera Hilarion. Ko te whare, me te tuahine Princess Boyarina Urusova. Hei whakaatu i to koutou akangateitei ki nga manuhiri, ka haere Theodosius ko Eudocia ki moenga, me te takoto whakahoki haere mai nga pātai. I muri uiui wahine faaiti ka mahue i raro i te whare hopu. E rua ra i muri mai, i kawea Morozov tuatahi i roto i te mau semeio, a ka i roto i te Pskov-Caves Monastery.

I muri i here mate Boyarina o tana tama anake, Ivan, e rua teina whakahekea, a ka whakawhitia i te taonga katoa ki te taonga o te kingi. i āta tiakina Morozov, engari riro ia i pukuaroha ki a ia kakahu iwi, me te kai, i tuhituhi tohunga Habakuka ona pukapuka, me tetahi o nga tohunga o te tahitanga whakapono tawhito ki te wahine rawakore.

kingi whiua

Boyar Morozova, Princess Urusova ko Maria Danilova (wahine o musketeers Kanara) i te mutunga o 1674 i whakawhitia ki te iari Yamskoy. Whakamamae i runga i te whatanga o te wahine tamata ki te riria ki te farii i te whakapono hou, me te ki te kanga ratou whakapono, engari he tu'u ma'u ratou. i pā ana ki ki te tahu i te tĭtĭ ratou, engari haukotia tenei kohukohu Princess Irina, tuahine o te kingi, me te Patroness o nga boyars. whakahau Alexei Mikhailovich Evdokia tuahine me Theodosius whakaraua i roto i Pafnutyevo-Borovsky ohu whakapono, me te whare herehere i roto i te whare herehere oneone.

mate Boyarina

I roto i te Pipiri 1675, 14 pononga Boyarina i tahuna i roto i te whare rakau, tautoko te whakapono tawhito. Mahuru 11, 1675 mate i te hemokai Princess Urusova Morozova I kite ano hoki tona matenga. Taimi nounou ki mu'a mate ia ui ia nga kaitiaki ki te horoi i te koti i roto i te awa ki te mate i roto i nga kakahu ma. Mai i te rohirohi oti mate Theodosius i runga i Noema 2, 1675.

Ko te kaupapa o te peita Surikov

I roto i te 1887, i muri i te whakaaturanga haere 15 o te Gallery Tretyakov, i hokona te mahi o te kaitoi o poto "Boyar Morozova" mo 25 mano moni. Painting Surikov tohu rahi kānawehi 304h587,5 cm, te mea i tuhituhia ki te hinu. I teie mahana, ko reira tetahi o nga ara i nui rawa o ngā whakaaturanga. pikitia i tawhiti rata ana te aro o kaimätakitaki, tae kanapa mesmerizing, whakapakoko hihiri me te kaha mokowā. ka mau Vasili rite te pūtake mo te kaupapa o te wehewehenga hahi rau XVII. hiahia te kaipeita ki te whakaatu i te ora pakeke, me te whakapono hohonu o te iwi Russian. i taea e ki te kawe i te ati o te āhuatanga e ia: kua whakama te huru matua, mongamonga engari kahore pakaru,; Kei te meake Morozov ki te mate, engari puta tonu i roto i te tikanga wikitoria.

moni Surikov i o Boyarina te whakarau

Haurongo Boyarina Morozova paanga Vasily Ivanovich, mo te take i he te tuatahi ia i Siberia, a i roto i te meka he rongonui mo te maha nui o whakapono Old tenei rohe. Siberians i te waiaro ngākau pai ki te whakapono tawhito, no te mea i roto i tenei rohe e whakamahia whānuitia tuhi "ora" e no ki Old whakapono kaiwhakaatu nei i tukua i nga ringa o nga māngai o te whakapono hou. E ai ki etahi puna, ki te "Tale o Boyar Morozova" whakaurua Surikov tona whaea wairua. Te āhua, ua faahiahia te kaitoi i te kaha o te hinaaro Boyarina, na faaoti ahau ki fokotu'u te mahara o reira, i runga i te koaka nui tohu i te wāhanga i reira tangohia Morozov ki te whare herehere.

Ko te whakapakoko o te pūāhua matua i roto i te pikitia

A, no te titiro i te ie i roto i te tuatahi mau te kanohi te huru pokapū - Boyarynya Morozova. Whakaahuatanga o te pikitia tohu e te kaitoi he wa roa ki te kia takoto ki te huahua portrait, pania ana e ia a ratou motuhake a ka huihui tahi. whakaahuatia Avvakum Theodosius wahine rite kikokore ki nga rikona kia, mawhiti uira-tere, a kihai i taea e Surikov kitea he tangata taua - te pūkeke, mea kohakore, ruha engari whakakake, me te uaua. I roto i te mutunga, tuhia ia ki a Morozov staroobryadki e tutaki Vasily Ivanovich tata urupā Rogozhskoe.

Moscow kukama hokohoko rawakore, ka te tauira o te wairangi tapu, ko te ahua o te manene - ko te kaituhi ia. "Boyar Morozova" - he peita taonga "tae taratimere." piri Surikov faufaa nui ki nga tupapaku, hanga kia titiro ratou maori. whanga ana kaipeita te hukarere mo te wa roa, hopu ona modulations katoa, whanga ana rite te rangi makariri pānga te akiākinga. Ko te aha ana pūāhua mea ora. Hei hoatu i te kiriata i te tikanga o te kaupapa, Surikov pririsoval ki te mea koi tamaiti rere.

Aromatawai o te mahi o te toi

History o te peita "Boyar Morozova" rawa rerekē, ki te anake no te mea kua meinga tenei mahi i tautohetia, me te tiketike-kōtaha tautohetohe fakaangá i roto i te whakaaturanga fononga. rite ētahi ki te mahi Surikov, te tangata - e kore, engari whakaae katoa e te hanga ko reira he angitu. whakaritea te tahi feia faahapa te koaka ki te ātaahua whāriki Persian, no te mea te tae kanapa, me kanohi ryabili, kōrero mātauranga te kohakore ngā o te pikitia, pērā i te tūranga hē o ringa, me te pera i runga i. D. Ko tonu, kia kua i te faaino tino rongonui, me te tuutuu o te ako taipitopito o te ahua whakaae - ko reira pono he faahiahia.

I mua Vasily Surikov tetahi o nga kaitoi kia mārama me kore te paetahi ore whakaatu iwi o era i mua-Petrine. I roto i te pokapū o te kānawehi - koma, ruha mamae hinengaro, hemo i te wahine nohopuku roa, noho a tawhio noa ia hauwarea, iwi ware i roto i koti huruhuru, Torlopov, telogreyah. wahia e te mano kia rua nga wahi, aroha ana tetahi Boyarynya, te atu - hanga pārekareka o tona aitua. whakahaere Surikov ki whakahauora ratou pūāhua. Te pūtirotiro, tu tata ana te papanga mana'o me pehea e te mano kia whakawhiti i roto i te wa i te rau tau i ma'iri a'e nei.

Vasily tūturu whakaaturia ana nga ngā i tangohia e wahi i roto i te hītori Russian. Kua arahina tona mahi te iwi e kore e anake ki te ako e pā ana ki o boyar Morozova te whakarau, engari ano ki te whakaata i runga i ona mahi. Te tangata maharatia e te rite kiriweti, te tangata admires tona inflexibility me haapa'oraa ki te mau parau tumu. I roto i te pikitia ahua o te iwi whakaritea ki te wahine pūrotu o te Populists me Stenka Razin. ta te reira anake e "Boyar Morozova" ko, i roto i te tau katoa, i reira he iwi, pono ki ona whakaharanga tonu.