Cars DM: rārangi me ngā whakaahua

Kuo hoko ma'u pē engineering German rongonui mō te tika me te kounga teitei, me tae mai te reira ki waka. He roa mihini hanga i roto i Germany, a he pūmau. Me pēhea te ki te haere ki te angitu o te kaihanga o te hunga atu rama Tiamana pai-mohiotia ranei? He aha ta tatou e nehenehe korero koe e pā ana ki o ratou hua? A feruri i te rama tino rongonui i roto i te taipitopito atu.

rārangi o te pai

Ko te tuatahi ko te ki kia maheni ki te kamupene rongonui German Volkswagen. Taa'eraa me te papai Maybach ko Mercedes. Kua roa kua reira rongonui BMW me Audi. No waitohu iti rongonui ko Opel. Ko te hītori o ia o enei kamupene tika whakarongo.

"Volkswagen"

Rārangi nga waka o rama German i te wahi tuatahi ko reira utu te whakahua e tetahi o te rongonui tino me rongonui. Ko te hītori o te rōpū haamata i roto i te tau 1934, ka Ferdinand Porsche, kaihoahoa me te kaipūkaha, whakaturia ana wheketere i Wolfsburg. Ki reira tikanga ia ki te waihanga i te "motokā o te iwi" - mo'oni ko e whakamaoritia te ingoa Volkswagen, a inaianei e taea tatou te mea ki te māia e whakahaere te mahi o Ferdinand. I roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao i whakangaromia te wheketere, engari i roto i te 1945 kua whakahau te kāwanatanga o Ingarangi e rua tekau mano cars, a ka timata ano te mahi. kua pakaru rua tekau-whitu nga tau tauira "pītara" pūkete "Ford" a ka te hoko pai i roto i te ao. I teie mahana ko reira te Tiamana tino rongonui waitohu motokā Volkswagen, ahakoa atu te whanaketanga o te tipu - "taraka" Golf ranei - rongonui rawa, me te rongonui.

"Porsche"

e mohio ana torutoru iwi e tenei waitohu - waka o whakanao Tiamana. Otiia, he utu te taua kaipūkaha me kaihoahoa mo tona hanganga, pera i roto i te take o te "Volkswagen" - Ferdinand Porsche. I roto i te 1931 whakatuwheratia e ia te kamupene ki te whakatū i ngā wae mo te kamupene motokā, e kore whakaaro ka e pā ana ki production papatipu. Otiia, ia hohoro te whakahaere ki te waihanga i tētahi hōiho Momo ahurei 22, i roto i nei whanaketanga ko te pūtake o te kōrero Porsche. Na roto i te 1939 racing Berlin - i whakawhanakehia Roma Momo 64. Na noho kotahi anake tauira o tenei motokā, i te mea i roto i te whare taonga i roto i Stuttgart. Mai 1948 ka anga te whārangi hou i roto i te hītori o "Porsche". whakawhanakehia te reira i te tauira 356, patua nga pā o te whui nohopuku. taea tonu te kite i ētahi putanga o tenei mīhini i runga i te ara. E kore te mea poitirere tenei: kua whakapono ai e te waka tino pono Porsche. I te 1963 ka kawea ano ia te tauira rongonui 911, i ko te taahiraa whakamutunga ki te āhukahuka ao. Ki nga mihini o te waitohu e pā ana hoki te meka ngā: mahue te kī pātīmata i roto ia ratou. Ko tenei no te mea he whakaritenga taua tuku te kaieke ki te tīmata i te motokā i mua ia e noho iho ana i roto i te parahiraa, i he tino nui hoki te whakataetae, hoki i hangaia tuatahi Porsche.

"Maybach"

Te faahiti i te waka papai DM, e kore e taea e tatou e te karanga tenei. Designer me te kaiwhakarewa ko he mataaro Tiamana Wilhelm Maybach, e hāngaitanga hoki kua ki te putanga o "Mercedes". hanga ia e rave rahi tauira rongonui o DMG, i whakarite te angitu o te waitohu. I roto i te 1907, i mahue Maybach te kamupene e tika ana ki te pakanga ki a Daimler, e ahu i te hanga, ka timata te mahi i runga i tona u ake - Maybach. I mua ki te timatanga o te Ao Tuatahi, i mahi ia i roto i engines rererangi, a ka oho i runga i ki waka me locomotives. I te tau 1926, i hanga te Maybach tuatahi i riro kiritaki tino hangarau, me te papai. DM hanga torutoru waka i tango ki pūkete nga hiahia katoa o te kiritaki. I 1930, i reira ko i hokona he tauira o Quaker o, te rongonui tino i roto i te wā, no te he utu tino mīharo. I roto i te mano tau hou kua hanga Maybach 57 ko Maybach 62, i hoki mai te angitu wheketere mua, me te riro tohu pono o te mana o ratou tāngata nō rātou.

"Mercedes"

Ki te ui koe tangata he pātai e pā ana ki te mea e mohiotia nga waka waitohu Tiamana ki a ia, he pea ki te hei i te ingoa o tenei te whakautu tuatahi. Ko te hītori o te rongonui "Mercedes" haamata i roto i te 1900, ka whakaekea Emil Jellinek ki te whakaingoa i te matenga hou o te tauira mīhini DMG i te honore o te tamahine o te taua ingoa. Mai 1902, ka Mercedes he motuhake waitohu. Ko te motokā tuatahi i reihi me production kawea whakamanamana maha whakaora. e noho tonu tae noa ki te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao i te tauira. I 1909 i reira ko te waitohu rongonui ki te whetu e toru-kurupae. tohu te reira i te hanga o engines mō manureva me poti, kei te whakamahi i e te mīhini i runga i te whenua, i roto i te rangi, me te i runga i te wai. I muri te Pakanga II o te Ao i te tipu timata hanga o sedans iti, a i roto i te rima tekau hua me limousines. Mai 1954, te whānuitanga o te coupe hākinakina tāpiri. E Mark hoki ingoa whakapaipai, a ka kua noho tonu tona angitu ake mai ki te ra nei.

"BMW"

Ni'ai waka DM, kia mohio ki te karanga me te BMW - tetahi o nga kamupene matamua. I tua atu ki te mihini hua reira huira, ka mahi i mua, me te waka rererangi. ngā tīwhiri te reira i tenei waitohu, tohu ana i te hurirere ki te rangi. Nō i e Karl Rapp ko Gustav Otto. Kaihoahoa hua engines rererangi, tino rongonui i roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. I roto i te 1917 kē ratou ki engines motopaika, ka whakawhanakehia he huringa kohinga tonu, me e 1928-mu timata hanga o waka iti. ko Model Dixi te hanganga tuatahi o te utu-utu whai hua "BMW", whakaratohia ana hoko pai i roto i Germany. I mua i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao i taea e te tipu te tīmata hanga me hākinakina waka. I roto i te wā taua, i reira ko he motokā concept mo te atekōkiri, e whai ngā inaianei. I muri mahi te Tuarua o te Ao BMW i roto i ao hōu tamau me whakapai ake hangarau, pera tekau tau katoa e tika ana ki te tauira angitu, me te rongonui, me tenei ra te tipu ko tetahi o te rongonui tino me rongonui i roto i Germany kore anake, engari te ao.

"Opel"

tonu tatou ki te tūhura i te waka Tiamana. Brand, e taea ana ki te kia maheni ki te rārangi o te engineering aunoa i Germany, a ka aroaro i roto i te waitohu taua rite Opel. Ko te rawa ngā History o te ingoa. I runga i nga pareparenga o te Rhine he whenua i huaina Oppel, me nga tangata o aua wahi i huaina Opel. faaoti e taha o reira tangata ki te tonoa tana tama ki te ako, tupu ia ki runga ki te waiho i te kaiwhakanao. Kei te mahi ia i roto i te hanga o pōtae, a haere tana tama ki a France, a ka kite i tetahi mīhini tuitui, i whakaaetia ki te whakapumautia i roto i Germany te hanga o taputapu mīhini mo te hanganga o pōtae. I roto i te 1884, pupuhi ia ake te whakaaro hou, me te timata te kohikohi paihikara. I roto i te 1897 kua taukei te u te hanga o te waka. I ka te tauira tuatahi i te ringa, me te kore i te angitu. I roto i te pakanga, whakaputaina te kamupene taraka mo te ope, me i tau 1923 ki te tau 1924 i te wheketere i hou: i reira ko raina whakaminenga tuatahi te whenua o. I whanau te reira i waka māhanga me timata te ara ki te angitu waitohu. I muri i te Tuarua o te Ao Opel tukua me waka hōiho. Kua riro te rongonui o te tohu, he kainga, me te kore hoki i hinga iho mō ngā tekau tau. I roto i te nineties, te iwi whānui i te aroaro SUVs, me ngā ngā hua i tenei ra i te momo o tauira, me taea te waitohu ki te hei i roto i te tūranga tuatahi i roto i nga rārangi o te pai me te tino rongonui.

"Audi"

E kore e taea e tatou e wareware i tenei ingoa, rārangi waka Tiamana. Brand, te rārangi o te mea tika o te aro ngā me Audi. whakaturia te kamupene i roto i te tau 1910 hei kaipūkaha Horch. Ko te ingoa kamupene he translation o te ingoa rangatira ki Latin. Ko te waitohu o te mowhiti e wha tohu te uniana o wha kamupene - DKW, Audi, Wanderer me Horch - ki te rōpū kotahi. Ka rite ki atu kaihanga, "Audi" hua tuatahi reihi waka Tiamana. Pane, whakaahua o e taea te kite i roto i te rauemi o te whakataetae mai, ngā ano "Mercedes" me "BMW", ehara i te mea maere e ko te ara pono ki te angitu i tēnei. I roto i nga tau vahaataimi, whakaputaina te kamupene tauira iti-mutunga, a tupu tenei i roto i nga eighties, a kahore e tukua i runga i nga tūranga pera tawhiti.