Kaituhi Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich: biography, rārangi o pukapuka, rawa toi me arotake

kaituhi Russian Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich (Smidovich) noho te wahi motuhake i roto i te ikarangi o kaituhi tuhi Russian. I teie mahana, e ngaro ia i roto i te papamuri o hono to'utangatá rongonui L. N. Tolstogo, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Chekhov, Gorky, Bunin, Sholokhov, engari kua ia tona kāhua ake, tona kaiaka teitei ki tuhinga Russian me he maha o nga mahi pai.

Family me Childhood

Matamua Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich, nei haurongo i pā ana ki e rua tünga: te taote me kaituhi, January 4, 1867 i roto i Tula. Ko te hapu o te kaituhi i mua nei ko te rota o mea he Iwi whakauru. Ngā mātua whaea ko Mirgorodsky Ukrainian ko Kariki, i te whānau pāpā ko Tiamana me amo. Ko te ingoa kano o te kaituhituhi - Smidovich, no ki te whānau rangatira Polish tawhito. Ko te taote tona papa, i whakaturia e ia te hōhipera tuatahi i roto i Tula pa, tīmataria te whakatūnga o te kōmihana parukore i roto i tu te pa i te takenga mai o te hapori Tula o kaiwhakaako. whaea o Vincent ko te noblewoman tino mātauranga, ko ia te tuatahi i roto i te pa whakatuwheratia i roto i tona whare kindergarten me te kura ka māmā. i te whānau 11 tamariki, ka mate a e toru i roto i te tamarikitanga. i hoatu nga tamariki katoa he mātauranga kounga i roto i te whare kei te tonu tae mai e te māngai o te intelligentsia rohe, he kōrero e pā ana ki te toi o tōrangapū, o te whenua te whakarau. I roto i tenei huru, a ka tipu tamaiti ake, i roto i te heke mai ka waiho e ia hei māngai tino o te rangatira Russian mātauranga. Mai tamarikitanga, pānui Vincent i pukapuka, rawa ko tona tino te momo mōrearea, rawa Mayne Reid me Gyustav Emar. I roto i te taiohitanga, ko te kaituhi heke mai kaha i awhina i nga raumati te hapu, mahi ia me te peasants: tapahi, parau, kumea tarutaru, a ka mohio a te pakeke o te mahi ahuwhenua roa.

ako

tupu ake Vincent Veresaev i roto i te utuafare i reira he tohe hoki katoa mātauranga. ngā mātua o te tamaiti i kuraina ratou iwi, he whare pukapuka pai, me te aroha o ngā tamariki inoculated ako i matou. I roto i te Veresaeva nga hehema rawa pai tūturu tangata: he mahara nui, moni i roto i reo, me te hītori. I roto i te kura nui, ako ia marietia rawa, a ka mutu te piha ia ki te tohu o nga akonga tuatahi, tutuki ia nui angitu i roto i te matauranga o reo onamata, a kua ki te 13 nga tau ka timata ako translation. parau tuite Veresaev i te kura nui ki te mētara hiriwa. I te 1884 ka tomo ia ki te manga hītori-Philological o St Petersburg University, e puta ki te tohu o te kaitono o sciences hītori. Ko te ngākau mo nga whakaaro o populism, te mana o nga whakaaro o Dmitri Pisarev ko N. Mikhailovsky ue'i ia ki te whakauru i roto i 1888 i te Whare Wānanga o Dorpat (Tartu) i te Faculty o Medicine. tika whakapono iwi Young e ka tukua te tikanga hauora a ia ki "te haere ki te iwi", ka kawe mai ia ia he manakohia. I tonu te ākonga, i roto i 1892 ka haere ia ki te Ekaterinoslav kawanatanga, te wahi mahi ia i roto i te urutā korara, te upoko o te pa parukore.

mau fifi o te ora

I roto i te 1894, i muri i tu'ite i whare wānanga, hoki ana Veresaev ki Tula, te wahi i timata ai ia ki te mahi kia rite ki te tākuta. Vincent Veresaev, tona haurongo kua pā ana inaianei ki te rongoa, i roto i tona mahi hauora i matakitaki ana oraraa o te taata, a ka mau tuhipoka, e ka riro te mahi tuhituhi. Na i roto i tona ora tu'ati nga mea tino nui e rua o te ora. E rua tau i muri mai oho Veresaev ki St. Petersburg, i karangatia e ia kia rite ki tetahi o nga piahi pai o te manga rata ki te mahi i roto i St Petersburg Barracks (heke mai Botkin) hōhipera mō tūroro tino ma'i. Hoki e rima nga tau i mahi ai ia ki reira hei intern me upoko o te whare pukapuka. I roto i te 1901, ka haere ia ki te rota o haere i roto i Russia ko Europe, kōrero ia he rota ki te whika ārahi tuhi o te wa, e matakitaki ana i te oraraa o te iwi. I te 1903 ka whakatutehu ia ki a Moscow, te wahi e hiahia ana ia ki te horo'a ia ki tuhinga. Mai taua te timatanga o te whawhai Russian-Japanese Vikentiya Vikentevicha rite te tākuta, a ka riro ia te noho whakaotinga i te hōhipera mara pūkoro i mua. Mau faaiteraa o te wa i muri mai e riro i te kaupapa o te maha o ana mahi. I roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao, a ko te rata hōia i roto i te Kolomna, whai wāhi Moscow i roto i te faanahonahoraa o te kōwae hōia hauora.

ka mau Progressive-whakaaro Veresaev e rua Revolution Russian, i roto i i kite e ia i te painga mo te whenua. I muri ka te Oketopa Revolution te tiamana o te Art me mātauranga komiti o te Kaunihera o mua Workers 'i Moscow. Mai i 1918 ki te 1921 i ora ia i roto i te Crimea me i ite whawhai e mura i waenganui i te ma me te whero, i tenei wā o te mamae me te kawenga ka hoki kia he puna o kōrero mō mahi tuhituhi. Mai 1921, he kaituhi ora i roto i Moscow, tuhi me te whai wāhi i roto i ngā mahi mātauranga, me te whakahaere.

I roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, whakatahia kē he kaituhi paari ki Tbilisi. taea te kite ia te wikitoria o te USSR i te whawhai, a mate i runga i Hune 3, 1945 i roto i Moscow.

Ko te ngā tuhituhi tuatahi

haamata Veresaev Vincent ki te tuhituhi atu i roto i tamarikitanga tau tuarua kite tuatahi ia rite te rohi pehe. Tona whakaputanga tuatahi - he maau "Fakalaulauloto", whakaputaina i raro i te pseudonym V. Vikent'ev i te moheni "marama Fashion me te toa huatau" i roto i te 1885. I muri e rua nga tau i roto i te "Ao faahoho'araa" makasini i raro i te pseudonym Veresaev whakaputaina e ia te kōrero poto "Te kai", e homai ona whakautu ki te pātai nui o te ora: he aha te mea oaoa, me te tikanga o te ora. Mai taua wa, kua meinga tuhituhinga, he mahi tūturu Vikentiya Vikentevicha.

hoko he ariki

Kua tāutuhia Vincent Veresaev i te timatanga o tona ara i roto i te tuhinga i tona aronga rite te ara o te rapu, kitea ia i roto i ana mahi i te ka akiritia te intelligentsia Russian mamae, i ite ia ia, ka ara i runaruna populism me Marxism ki te whakaōrite ïa. Ia mohio tata tonu taua rotarota - ehara i te mea ki tona ara, a ka tahuri ki te tuhi. Ia te tuatahi tamata tona ringa i roto i ngā puka iti: kōrero tuhituhi, kōrero poto. I roto i te 1892 whakaputaina e ia he raupapa o tuhinga roa "reinga" e pā ana ki te ora, me te mahi pakeke o nga kaikeri o Donetsk. Katahi te wa tuatahi whakamahi ia te ingoakē Veresaev, a meinga ana hei ingoa tuhituhi. I roto i te 1894 whakaputaina e ia i te pūrākau "No ara," e whakarite parau te aamu o te rapu mō ara o tikanga i roto i te ora tūmatanui Russian me pūkenga. I roto i 1897, i te pūrākau "desease" tonu te kaupapa kotahi, whakatika te kimi taitamariki whakatupuranga ārahitanga o te whakaaro Social Democratic.

tau te kororia

I roto i te 1901, i roto i veresaevskie "Notes o te tākuta," i meinga ia e rongonui katoa i runga i te whenua. I roto i a ratou, kōrero te kaituhi e pā ana ki te ara he kuao tākuta, e pā ana ki te mau o te tikanga, e e te nuinga o tāmia, nga ngā i runga i te turoro, te mahara morare o tenei mahi. whakakitea te hua he taranata nui rite te kaituhi Veresaeva, hinengaro mohio me te kitea te o te kaituhi. Mai taua wa tomo ia te whetū o te kaituhi ārahi o te whenua, me ki Garshin me Gorky. kihai i whakaaro Progressive o te kaituhituhi haere hia, a tonoa nga mana ia i raro i tirotiro ki Tula, ki te whakaiti i tona mahi.

I roto i te tau 1904-1906 i ona kōrero e pā ana ki te pakanga Japanese, i roto i nei te tata tika korero te reira e pā ana ki te hiahia ki te tu i te mana o te autocracy. Kei te whai wāhi hoki Veresaev Vincent i whakaputa pukapuka, ko reira he rerekē rōpū tuhituhi. I muri i te revolution, whai wāhi i roto i te mahi mātauranga, he wāhi i roto i te whakaputanga o makasini hou. I muri i te huringa tahuri ki nga puka nui, me te faaino tuhituhi Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich. Works i roto i te puka o te "whakamātautau tino" o Pushkin, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, ka Nietzsche he kupu hou i roto i te tuhi tuhituhi, me te toi. Kua rapua tonu te kaituhi ki "ngā iwi taitamariki," pāho mana'o teitei me ngā whakaaro mātauranga. Mai tona pene i roto i te huahua tino, me te haurongo nui o Annensky I., A. Chekhov, Leonid Andreyev, Korolenko.

He rota o te wā e homai te kaituhi o te iritiraa, i whakaputaina maha mahi o rotarota Kariki tawhito i roto i tona pūkete. Veresaev hoki ratou i ara whakawhiwhia te Pushkin paraihe. Ahakoa i roto i tona ra whakamutunga rave Vikentiy whakatika translation "Iliad" o Homer.

tikanga o te kaituhi

hono Veresaev Vikenty tona whiu tuhituhi te ki te "ora hou", i roto i nei taiawhiotia e ia Gorky. e kore te tona kāhua tuhituhi patu anake talena, engari ano hoki nga kitenga hinengaro tino whakatarapi o ratou ake wheako. Pukapuka mōna hei te tapao o tona mahi. Ana ongo e pā ana ki te ora whakakitea ana e ia i roto i te raupapa tuhinga roa o ngā tuhipoka. kitea titauraa taumauri faaiteraa i roto i te kōrero, i meinga rongonui Vincent Veresaev. "Competition," "Eytimiya" me etahi atu kōrero anga tona kōrero e pā ana ki tona ora whaiaro me whakaaro e pā ana ki te pai wahine.

Ko tino mārama tenei te mauri o te Veresaeva auaha faaite i roto i mahi pērā i pūrākau, "I te mutunga mate" me "tuahine."

Criticism me arotake

Veresaev Vincent, i tino pai riro te ora i te faaino, tohua ana e ia e rua nga nāianei, me te pai o te kaituhi. Modern tuhituhi uaua kōrero ki te mahi a te kaituhi, i, Heoi, e kore te auraa i te ngaro o ana āhuatanga auaha me mahi pūmanawa. Reviews kaipānui hou, onge rawa, engari rawa tautoko. i aroha Modern Veresaeva whakanui tona kāhua nehenehe me te au maite o te mau imiraa taumauri o te taitamarikitanga o tenei ra.

tūmataiti

I tonu whenumi Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich i tona mahi. I roto i te ora ko ia he tangata ohie, me te tino hoa, me te matareka. I marenatia ia ki tona whanaunga tuarua Maria Germogenovne. e kore tamariki i te tokorua. I roto i te whānui, i ora ia i te ora whai tonu i te mahi, me te whai wāhitanga i roto i te whakahaere o te tukanga mātauranga, me te auaha i roto i te whenua.