Mstislav Keldysh: biography, whakaahua whānau

Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich (iwi - Russian) ko he kaiputaiao Soviet i te parae o pāngarau me rehe, academician me te peresideni o te USSR Academy o Sciences. takaro ia he tūranga matua i roto i te hōtaka wāhi Soviet.

Ko te tama a te papa pūmanawa

Matua Keldysha Vsevolod Mihaylovich ko te hanga metarahi te hōia nei tuite i te Riga Polytechnic Institute. I reira ka moe ia ia Maria Alexandrovna Skvortsova, nei i oti rawa ia ki te whakatairanga i ngā tamariki. ko te whānui o te pū tona papa, i te rangatira. Matua Vsevolod Mikhailovich ko te tākuta hōia ki te ana'iraa o whānui, me o te rangatira. ko whakakake o tona rangatira, i meinga ia raruraru i roto i te whenua hapori tonu Keldysh. Nā ki te āhua o te mahi o te whānau Vsevolod Mikhailovich haere ki nga pa rerekē. Kua kauhau ia i ngā whare hangarau me kua whai wāhi i roto i te hoahoa me te hanganga o te Moscow Metro me te hongere Moscow - Täingäwai.

Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich: biography

Keldysh Mstislav ko tetahi o e whitu tamariki. Ua haapii Mother Tiamana ratou ko Wīwī, a Hare ki te aroha o te waiata. Tona tuahine, ka Lyudmila he mathematician rongonui me te teina Yuri - musicologist.

Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich, oho ki Riga, i reira kauhau tona papa i te Kuratini Institute, whanau 10.2.1911 nei utuafare i roto i te 1909. I roto i te 1915, whakaekea te ope German Latvia, a ka whakatahia te tokotoko o te Riga Kuratini Institute ki Moscow. Here ite te utuafare ati, he tau torutoru ora waho te pa, engari i aroha matua waiata puāwaitanga me konohete maha tae mai i roto i te pa. mahara tamariki kotahi ra i roto i te 1917, i to ratou whaea i ka kai i te parai whānau riki katoa, rite kihai i te tahi atu kai. Na roto i te mutunga o 1918 te whānau oho ki Ivanovo-Voznesensk, rite timata tona papa ki te whakaako i roto i te evanelia ki i piri te Riga Polytechnic Institute.

E ako ana i roto i Moscow

I roto i te 1923, oho te whānau ki Moscow, ko Mstislav, nei ko 12 nga tau o te tau, te haere kura №7 i Krivoarbatsky motokā. Te tamaiti, i roto i te ahua me te whanonga rite he gypsy, he nanakia me te ngangare.

ko whakakake o tona takenga rangatira Keldysh, ahakoa e kua reira kua māmā ki te i ia huna i te reira. Ko te puka e pā ana kawea tonu ia he lekooti "takenga pāpori - pai", na roto i 1927 i whakakahore ia whakauru ki te Institute o Civil Engineers.

tuahine Tawhito Lyudmila e poka ki nga hiahia o tona papa, e kite i te tama a te kaipūkaha, whakakikitia e ia ki te ako pāngarau. tomo Mstislav te Moscow State University Faculty o Pāngarau me Physics, a puta Hōngongoi 24, 1931 I te kupu tohutohu kaha o te kaiako i faataahia Keldysh Lavrenteva paetahi pūmanawa ki te Central Aero-Hydrodynamic Institute.

Mahi i TsAGI

i hanga TsAGI tikanga pai mo te rangahau. Here tutaki Keldysh ki Leonidom Sedovym, i herea ake tahi pūtaiao tata me te auhoaraa, ka pā te whakarau o te kaipūtaiao.

I roto i te tau 1934-37 whakaputaina he raupapa o ngā tuhinga i runga i aerohydrodynamics, ko te kaituhi o e Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich. timata te tupu o te pūtaiao pūmanawa ki te whakaoti tetahi o nga raruraru o rererangi i te wa - wiri ohorere kaha e taea e whakangaro i te manureva. Ua tauturu i Ta'na mahi ariā ki te hinga tenei raruraru. I tua atu, i whakahaere ia rangahau mo tona otr täkutatanga i runga i te whakamahi o te raupapa pūrau mō te māngai o ngā mahi hawarite me te ana'iraa matatini, tiakina ratou i roto i 1938

Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich: whānau me ngā tamariki

I roto i te 1938, i muri i te faahoaraa roa o te wahine whai hoa, ka moea e ia Keldysh Stanislav Valeryanovna. Te tau e whai ake nei, i ia he tamahine, a i roto i 1941 - i te tama a Pita. puta Tama i te Mechanics ko Pāngarau, a mahi tamahine i muri i roto i te whare taonga Keldysh.

He mathematician pūmanawa

tonu Keldysh tona rangahau, me te maha Mahi tahi ki tona kaiako o mua Mihailom Lavrentevym. Ko tētahi o nga kaupapa i i hiahia ia ki te mohio ko te raruraru Dirichlet.

Mstislav Keldysh ko he mathematician pūmanawa me te ariā o te whārite pārōnaki. Tautautefito te takoha taketake hanga e ia ki te peka tono o motupaika. Ko ia te matua kaitohutohu theorist kāwanatanga me te kaiwhakahaere o te mahi tātai e pā ana ki engines jet me te wāhi i roto i 1940-60-doma.

Ko te raruraru o te rererangi wiri tetahi o nga mahi tuatahi i runga i nei mahi ia i anake. I wiri te raruraru e pā ana te tuarua, ko reira maha i roto i te mua taputapu taunga o te waka rererangi ki runga ki te taunga. Here, ko reira wheako whai hua riro i roto i te whakaoti rapanga wiri, me ona shimmy otinga, me taipitopito tohutohu mo nga Engineers e pā ana ki te pehea, ki te whakakore i te reira, i whakaahuatia i roto i te tau 1945. Te mahi i roto i Zhukovsky TsAGI, kihai i waiho e ia te Mathematical Institute, te Tari o te Mechanics zaveduya mai i töna tïmatanga i roto i Paengawhāwhā 1944 ki runga ki te 1953

Tauira o nga mahi i tenei wā e anga ia i roto i te Steklov Institute: "I te toharite āwhiwhitanga pūrau pūrua o ngā mahi o te tāupe matatini" (1945), "I runga i te marohi o ngā mahi katoa" (1947). E tano ia tapao e ahakoa e enei mahi pāngarau waitara, puta moni Keldysh enei raruraru e tika ana ki te whakaaro i ahu i roto i whakaoti tono raruraru pāngarau.

Space me patu karihi

I muri te Pakanga II o te Ao, kei te piki mahi Mstislav Keldysh i te aronga o te kaupapa rangahau matua e kua whakatinana i roto i te Soviet Union. I te tau 1946 i mahue ia TsAGI ki meinga te upoko o te Jet Propulsion Research Institute me puritia tenei tūranga mō te iwa tau.

Ko ia tumuaki-peresideni o te USSR i 1961-62 me tona peresideni i roto i 1962-75, aua. I roto i te whakanui o tona huritau 60 i roto i 1971, ka mea ia i puta ke ia te whakamutunga o te rangahau, me te arotahi ki runga i te whakahaere me te whakahaere. Otiia, Whakatangi noa ia he wāhi nui i roto i te whanaketanga o te Soviet patu karihi, me te te hōtaka wāhi. Hei tauira, ko ia tetahi o pūtaiao e toru nei whakaarohia i roto i 1954 i te hōtaka amiorangi wāhi Soviet, a i roto i 1955 ka e ia tiamana o te kōmihana whakaturia ake ki te tiaki i te hōtaka. Ko te whakarewatanga amiorangi angitu tuatahi i roto i 1957 tohua te timatanga o te hōtaka kaha o rangahau wāhi, ka whai wāhi Keldysh i roto i tenei i roto i te maha o ngā whakahaere rerekē, pērā i ahu ia manga o pāngarau tono.

Mahi i te Academy o Pūtaiao

I te 1959 ka hanga ai te Interdepartmental Scientific ko Hangarau Kaunihera, i whakaritea upoko o Mstislav Keldysh.

Haurongo o te kaipūtaiao tuhia tona tikanga rite Peresideni o te USSR, te wahi whakahaere ia ki te kawe i whakahounga nui. I roto i ngā, paopao te Pāti Communist kua iranga, no te mea kihai i pai taua mea tona Māoritanga, a hei utu tautoko te tika tōrangapū, engari te ariā anti-pūtaiao o Trofim Lysenko. I roto i te 1964, ka oti tona hoa Nikolai Nuzhdin kua whakaarohia rite te mema tonu o te Academy, Andrei Sakharov, he hoa o te pūtaiao ki te whakawhanake i patu karihi, ātete. I paopao te kaitono, ka whai wāhi Keldysh ki te hanga o ngā āhuatanga mo te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao, kahore pokanoa tōrangapū, e te āhuatanga tōrangapū e vai na i roto i te Soviet Union i reira tino uaua.

I roto i te 1975, no te take hauora Mstislav Keldysh, rihaina ia ei peresideni o te Academy. Kei te whakapono te reira e ko tetahi wahi e tika ana ki te māuiui tenei, tetahi wahi hoki o te ahotea meinga e te mau fifi i roto i te tiaki o mana'o pūtaiao i roto i te āhuatanga i reira whakamahia pūtaiao e rite te taputapu matua o te aroraa tōrangapū. Mate 6/24/78 Keldysh me whakahaere tanumia i roto i te Kremlin Wall American.

tohu kāwanatanga

Kua riro Keldysh maha ngā tohu e rua i roto i tona whenua, me te i whenua ke. I whakawhiwhia e ia te State paraihe (1942) me te Order o te Banner Whero o Reipa (1943) mo tona mahi i runga i rererangi te wiri. I te tau 1946 ka whakawhiwhia ia tetahi atu State paraihe mo tona mahi i runga i te shimmy.

I te 1943, i pōtitia ia hei mema ōrite o te Academy o Pūtaiao me te academician o te toru tau tonu i muri mai. I roto i te 1956 riro ia te taitara o Hero o-pāpori Reipa mō te whakaoti rapanga o te korero, ka riro te Lenin paraihe i te tau e whai ake nei. I roto i te tau 1961, ka ano ia he Hero o-pāpori Reipa, tenei wa mo tona mahi i runga i ngā tākirirangi me "Te Tai Rāwhiti", waka ātea topu tuatahi o te ao, ki runga i ko Yuri Gagarin. E ono nga wa i whakawhiwhia e ia te Order o Lenin me mētara e rave rahi taime.

āhukahuka ao

Keldysh ko te mema o pukenga maha: Mongol (1961), Poland (1962), Czech (1962), Romanian (1965) Tiamana (1966), Bulgarian (1966), Hungary (1970) pukenga o Sciences, te American Academy o Toi me Sciences (1966 ) a ka pōtitia ia he mema hōnore o te hapori Royal o Edinburgh 1 Hōngongoi 1968 riro ano ia he tākutatanga hōnore o University Warsaw.

I te pae hopea, i pōtitia ia ki te Komiti Central o te CPSU (1961) me te mema o te Hupirimi Soviet o te USSR (1962). I tua atu, ko te rua kaupeka i roto i tona kororia, he ao iti, kitea i roto i te 1973.