Pōuritanga - he aha te mea te reira? Tranquilizers me pōuritanga

Modern "frantic" tere o te ora, he awa e kore e mutu o te mōhiohio e hiahia ana ki te hapai i runga i te rā i te tangata, me te tini ke atu, te nuinga o ratou arahi āhuatanga kino ki te meka e kore e taea e te tinana me te hinengaro e tu. Ohoroa me te ahotea, arā, me te kōrero, kei te maha waiho, a maha toremi atu e raau taero ētahi atu matū puai ranei, te mutunga arahi ki taua mate matatini, pērā i rohirohi ma'i syndrome (CFS) me te whārua rerekē. E ai ki nga matapae o kaitätari o te korekore hauora ki te 20 th tau o tenei rau tau i roto i te maha o ngā take nui nga kau taki o te rau tau rua tekau - mate hopuhopu, me mate o te pūnaha Cardiovascular. I roto i te pakanga ki te disorders fakalotofo'í, ngā taero e rua e hāngai ana i runga i ngā wāhanga taiao, me te waihanga. Pōuritanga - he aha te mea te reira? He aha e ratou a mehemea i enei taero ki te whakaora whārua ranei whakahaere anake ona tohu? He aha e nga huapai me ngā huakore o taua taero? Ka tamata tēnei tuhinga ki te whakahoki i enei, me te tahi atu mau uiraa e pā ana ki te pānga raau o to ratou whakamahinga, me te mau hopearaa o te fariiraa.

He aha te mea te reira?

Ka rite ki te ingoa titau, pōuritanga (i huaina ano hoki timoleptikov) - he drugs psychotropic e mahi ki tohu fakalotofo'í. Ngā mihi ki enei taero nui haere manukanuka me te ahotea aronganui nui, listlessness me te lethargy, ohoroa tino heke noa tino ngaro ranei. Whakaritea ki tenei rōpū o taero e rerekē e rua i roto i te hanganga matū me te hanganga, me te huarahi o te mahi.

Pehea e mahi i te reira?

Tatou i te reira, anti-depressants - e ko: te whakangaromanga o te tinana ranei te āwhina te aki konä i te tangata. Kia titiro a ki te pehea te mahi i enei taero. Kei te roro tangata o te plurality o neurons - nga ngā pūtau io, e mahi ana tonu utu mōhiohio i waenganui ia ratou. Hoki te tuku o taua mōhiohio titau matū karere motuhake - neurotransmitters, ngoto i roto i te wāwāhi i roto i te wāhi synaptic i waenganui i neurons. tautuhi kairangahau Modern neke atu i te 30 neurotransmitters rerekē, engari ki te whanaketanga me te akoranga o te korekore i te "hāngai" huru e toru anake o ratou: serotonin, noradrenaline (norepinephrine) me dopamine. E ai ki te raraunga rangahau, puta korekore ina te pāhekoheko o neurons i te parae i reira ko te whakaiti ine nui o neurotransmitters. hāngai Pānga o pōuritanga te i te whakanui ake i te maha o kaitakawaenga e hāngai ana, me te māori o te toenga matüora o te roro.

He hītori iti

I mua i puta ki te whakaaro o ngā rōpū o nāianei, me ngā momo o pōuritanga, whakaahua poto te hītori o ratou kitea.

Tae noa te rautau waenganui-rua tekau, whārua me ngā tikanga pōhewahewa ki tohumate rite tukinotia i ki ngā faaineineraa otaota. Ki "whakaturia te huru" whakamahia he momo o tito whakaongaonga, i roto i nei ngā kawhe, ginseng māngai o opiates ranei. tamata "hivá" jitters tai pūkeha rongoā ranei i runga i valerian. whakamahi hoki rerekē momo o mahi me maimoatanga i tua nei huatanga kua tino iti.

I roto i te tīmatanga o te 50-doma o te tarukino "Promethazine" i hanga e te rau tau rua tekau, i whakamahia tuatahi mō ngā rehunga i roto i te pokanga. Kua tamata pharmacologists ki te whakarei ake i te inhibitory me te pānga inhibitory o te raau taero, me te hua e na 1951 i riro "Chlorpromazine", i whānui i whakamahia i roto i te mahi hauora, maimoatanga o te korekore. I teie mahana, mohiotia tenei tarukino te rite "Chlorpromazine".

I roto i te mutunga o 60-doma o te rata Swiss whakamutunga rau, tūroro lechivshimi ki kohi, i tohua e te pānga taha kaua rerekē o tenei tarukino rite "Iproniazid". Tūroro te fariiraa i te reira, kua piki te tūāhua. Āta timata reira ki te whakamahi i roto i te mahi hinengaro rite kohi, iti rawa i awhina ia. Huri noa i te wa taua he kairangahau Tiamana Ronald Kun kitea tarukino "Imipramine".

Opening o te timoleptikov tuatahi arahina ki te whanaketanga tere o te rangahau pharmacological i roto i tenei rohe, me te hanga o te raau taero hou ki te ārai i te tohu, me take o te korekore.

whakarōpū hou

I runga anō i te aha te huru o te pānga e te whakamahi o pōuritanga i runga i te korekore e i roto i te manawanui, e wehea ratou e whai ake:

I tua atu, i reira he he whakarōpū i runga i te āhua o pānga te pānga o pōuritanga te tukanga matüora i roto i te tinana tangata:

• pōuritanga Tricyclic - timoanaleptiki tricyclic.
• MAOIs - Monoamine inhibitors oxidase:

- tina heke ( "tranylcypromine," "phenelzine");

- reversible ( "Pirazidol", "Moclobemide").

• SSRI - whiriwhiri inhibitors serotonin reuptake;
• IOZSIN - inhibitors serotonin reuptake me noradrenaline;
• NaSSAs - pōuritanga serotonergic noradrenergic me motuhake.

Ano, i reira e he maha o taero raau e kore e taea te pēnei ki tetahi o enei rōpū.

TCA: pōuritanga tricyclic, he aha te mea te reira?

Drugs rōpū tricyclic pērā i "Nortriptyline", "Imipramine" me "Amiltriptilin" ka tona ingoa i te whāriki mowhiti waro, takitoru. Ēnei taero raau e tauturu ia ake i te maha o neurotransmitters roro pērā i norepinephrine (noradrenaline) me serotonin (taiki o te oaoa). tutuki tēnei mā te whakaiti i te taumata o te kohi o ngā pūtau io - neurons.

Nā ki te meka i runga e āraia taenga o enei taero e kore anake neurotransmitters e tika ana, i reira e maha ngā pānga taha rerekē. pōuritanga Tricyclic rōpū kia meinga i te pānga taha e whai ake nei:

• lethargy;
• te momoe;
• whakapairuaki;
• mangai maroke;
• ngoikore;
• whanoke;
• whakaterenga o te auau ngakau - he pini;
• kōroke;
• mananga raro me libido;
• manukanuka manukanuka ranei.

Kei te nuinga o ēnei taero whakaritea e te tākuta i te wahi tuatahi, mai i te hunga ratou te tino ako me e pai mohiotia nga pānga o ratou te whakamahi.

MAOIs - inhibitors Monoamine oxidase

Te faaineineraa "Iproniazid" whakatuwhera tetahi o te tuatahi, me te tahi atu raau taero o tenei rōpū, pērā i "isocarboxazid," "tranylcypromine" tautāwhi i monoamine oxidase paru tauhohenga, i roto i roto i te mau hopearaa io. Nā ki tenei, nga neurotransmitters e he kawenga mo to tatou huru, pērā i serotonin, noradrenaline me tyramine, kahore e pakaru iho, me te āta piki haere i roto i te roro.

Ko te pōuritanga tino nuitia whakaritea, MAOIs mo te korekore mohiotia, ka kore taero rōpū tricyclic i haere mai a kihai i whai i te pānga e hiahiatia ana ranei. Ko te painga o tenei rōpū o taero ko te meka e kore ratou e whai he mana rahi, a ki runga ki te anga ke, whakaongaonga tukanga hinengaro.

I tua atu i te raau taero tricyclic, MAOIs i kahore pānga tonu i runga i te tangata - mai mana pōuritanga i te wiki torutoru i muri i te tīmatanga o te fariiraa.

Nā ki te meka e Mao inhibitors i maha pānga taha (a hoki ngā ariu ki te taero no te mare, me te matao noa, a taea whakapataritari tairanga ora-te whakawehi o te pēhanga toto) engari ano hoki i te mea o te kai tika mārō ka whakahaere whakahau taua raau taero uaua, ka kore i awhinatia atu maimoatanga.

inhibitors reuptake serotonin whiriwhiri

te uiui e matou he rōpū o TCAs me MAOIs - te nuinga tata whakatuwheratia reira me taero pai-ako. Otiia i āta te "tawhito" whakatupuranga o pōuritanga whakakapia e atu taero hou e ārai i te mahi o neurotransmitters, e kore katoa, engari anake te kotahi - serotonin, te ārai ona neurons ohorere, whakamuri. faarahi tenei te kukū me te kua he pānga haumanu. Hei ngā taua raau taero hou SSRI pērā i "fluoxetine", "sertraline", "Zoloft", "Paroxetine" me etahi atu. I roto i tenei rōpū o taero tuhia iti pānga taha, a ratou kahore e pera te nui pā te tinana tangata.

inhibitors serotonin reuptake me noradrenaline

Ko te tarukino tika hou, e no ki te toru o nga pōuritanga whakatupuranga tenei. tīmata ratou whakaputa i roto i te waenganui 90-doma o XX rautau. Drugs pērā i "Cymbalta", "Effexor" poraka te reuptake o serotonin ko kore anake, engari ano hoki noripinefrina, engari raau taero pērā i "Wellbutrin" me "Zyban" ārai i te hokinga mai o te norepinephrine me dopamine.

pānga taha Drug i roto i tenei rōpū ko nui iti atu i te tahi atu, a kua whakahuatia ratou, kaua ngonge. I muri i te fariiraa i pōuritanga, hanga i runga i te pūtake o taua inhibitors rite "duloxetine" me "Bupropion", i reira kia kia he hua i roto i te taimaha me te pōrearea iti i roto i te ao fakasekisualé.

Noradrenergic me serotonergic motuhake pōuritanga - NaSSAs

Tetahi o nga rōpū o nāianei ko NaSSA drugs raau e pōturi iho ranei ara mutu te hopu o synapses noradrenaline o nga ngā pūtau io, reira te whakanui ake tona kukū. Taua raau taero rite "Remeron" "Lerivon" "Serzon" kawe i ārai o serotonin receptors.

O te rongoā i roto i tenei rōpū i reira e ngawari taua pānga taha kino pērā i te momoe, mangai maroke, nui haere te hiahia me te whai pānga taonga taimaha. Whakakore pōuritanga o e wahi tenei rōpū, kahore tetahi raruraru nui.

Haunga pōuritanga nga ngā rōpū taketake i runga, i reira e he maha o raau taero e kore e taea te pēnei ki te tetahi o ratou. rerekē ratou i roto i rua hanganga matū me te tikanga o te mahi. Tenei, hei tauira, taero pērā i "Bupropion", "Hypericin", "Tianeptine", "Nefazodone" me te tini ke atu.

tikanga rerekē

I teie mahana, piki e tohunga ke whakamahia mo te maimoatanga o rongoā korekore e pā neurotransmitters me kore i runga i neurotransmitters, engari ki runga ki te huru o te pūnaha endocrine, pērā i te adrenal repe, hypothalamus me te repe. Ētahi o enei taero, pērā i "Aminoglutethimide" me "ketoconazole" tautāwhi i adrenal te kōtuitanga taiki cortisol, engari i ratou maha pānga taha me te whai pānga tōraro i runga i te pūnaha endocrine.

Kei te nuinga o te rōpū tuarua tuku antalarmina te raveraa ra receptor ngā te mau huru maitatai e whai tranquilizers me pōuritanga.

I tua atu ki te maimoatanga pharmacological o āhua fakalotofo'í, he piki tikanga whakamahia pērā i taratahi hypoxia normobaric me plasmapheresis, therapy marama, me te tokomaha noa atu e whakaiti tohu me te hāpai o ngā tohu.

Pro me te con

whakaae te nuinga o te hunga e ka mau pōuritanga, e ko te reira taero tino whai hua, rawa, ki te tangohia e ratou i te wa taua whakahaere e te akoranga mātanga o te therapy. Kia mahara te reira e kia whakaritea enei taero, me ratou inenga he tākuta, i raro i te mana nei, me te whai ki te tango i a ratou. Kaua e mahara i te whakapai ake tonu. Ka rite ki te tikanga, te tikanga o te hepohepo, me te mate o te moni i roto i te ora, me te lethargy, tau'a me te pouri haere i roto i 3-4 wiki i muri i te tīmatanga o te whakahaere pūnahanaha.

Ko tētahi o nga āhuatanga nui o enei taero ko te syndrome korenga atu raau, e faaite ake ki te whakamutunga koi me te tutu o ratou whakauru.

Me pēhea te ki te tono?

1. Ki te mea kua pāngia koe mate ngakau, tākihi mate ate ranei kia mohio ki te korero ki tō tākuta.

mahi takitahi 2. pōuritanga, ka pena ka tīpako i te mātanga he tarukino e he tika āta hoki koutou.

3. I roto i ētahi wā, e kore he nui kotahi rongoā, kia whakahau koutou tākuta fariiraa tukutahi o maha (tranquilizers me pōuritanga, antipsychotics me tetahi taero anticonvulsant). I runga i te tātaritanga me te aroturuki i tō huru somatic, ka tīpako i te mātanga nga taero e ka e taea ki te kīnaki tahi i te tahi, me te kore e whai i te pā tōraro i runga i te tinana tangata.

4. E kore koe e taea e te mutu tango rongoā raau ohorere me kahore kōrero ki te mātanga, rite kia kē tenei te akoranga o te whārua, me te meinga te momo o te tauhohenga whaiaroaro kino.

ui 5. He tokomaha te iwi ranei e taea ki te inu tahi pōuritanga me te waipiro. tohutohu katoa ki te raau taero tohu e ko te reira hua'tu Kāore, no te mea e taea ai te kino ki te pūnaha io, te mate ranei.

withdrawal ranei faatîtîraa?

I roto i taua take, ki te tango koe i pōuritanga mo te wa roa, a ka, mo mea katoa take, mutu koimutu, taea meinga hūhi, pērā i te whanonga fakaeongo iu, rohirohi, oto o uaua, whanoke. E mohiotia enei tohu katoa rite syndrome korenga atu raau. Ko te aha tūtohu āta kaiwhakaako whakaiti i te horopeta o rongoā riro a ki te mahi pera i raro i te mātakitaki o ngā tohunga. ngaio anake e taea te āwhina atawhai hūhi, ka tangohia ake nga normotonics e tika ana, me taka ki runga ki te pūtake o ngā tipu. Ki te tangohia te raau taero te uncontrollably, a ka ka poroa koimutu tona whakarite, taua whakakorenga o pōuritanga taea arahi ki nga whakaoho moe, nui haere manukanuka, me ngā raruraru ki te pūnaha Cardiovascular. I tua atu, kia puta te tohu e whai ake nei:

• mataku poauau;
• tohu rewharewha-rite;
• whakapairuaki, ruaki;
• cramps me te mamae i roto i te wahi gastrointestinal;
• mate o te ruruku, me te taninito;
• ri'ari'ai;
• faaati e alangá.

hei utu o te mutunga

Mai i te i mua e taea te mutu i te reira e pā ana ki te āhua o te kaha, me te rawa kino enei taero, he aha he pōuritanga e te hunga taero hou e taea akakoromaki ki whārua. Heoi, i mua i te tīmata koe tango ratou, kōrero ki te mātanga - tākuta psychoneurologist ranei ko wai e taea e feruri i roto i nei ahua o te mate, ko te koutou, ka aha ngā rongoā ki te āwhina i akakoromaki i reira.