Whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio. He aha tawhā e whakamahia mo te whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio

I roto i to tatou rau rorohiko he wahi motuhake i roto i te ora o te hapori e te ariā o te mōhiohio. Whakamahia i te wā nei o ngā tawhā whanaketanga tangata mo te whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio e tino kanorau. Ko te aha e taea e kitea e koe te maha o ngā momo o te wehe i te raraunga mōhiohio ki ngā akomanga, me ngā rōpū. Heoi, i roto i te whānui, i te whakarōpū o ngā rauemi kōrero o te ao , ko te tata hoki tetahi tikanga o te wehenga i te taua. pea te rerekētanga anake i roto i te tahi mau paearu herenga ina taea te whakaritea etahi momo o ngā rauemi mōhiohio (IR) ki tetahi rōpū i runga i te papa whenua tuakiri.

Ko te ariā o ngā rauemi mōhiohio me ratou whakarōpū (ngā momo taketake)

Ki te titiro koe ki te ariā o te mōhiohio me te kōrero ngā rauemi i roto i te tikanga whānui o enei ngā, e taea te āhuatanga ratou rite te ahua o te mōhiohio e pā ana ki te ao, tango wahi i roto i ngā tukanga reira, iwi, mea, ngā, ngā tītohunga, ngā meka, ko E. na i runga i., Ahakoa o te ahua o te whakaaturanga, e tango te tangata, me te ka whakaatu i roto i to koutou hinengaro.

Nä, whakaaro te rauemi mōhiohio e ki kia tuhinga kōnae tuhinga ranei tangohia wehe, e rongoa i roto i nga pūnaha tēnā (pareparenga raraunga, ipurangi, whare pukapuka, turanga, pūranga, ngā hononga, me ētahi atu).

kawea Whakarōpū o ngā rauemi kōrero i roto i ki te whakamahi o te tahi mau paearu taketake huru ranei e tukua ki te faaite i R & D i runga i te torutoru akomanga nui, me runga ake te katoa, i te tohu o te wātea: tuwhera (tūmatanui), katia (ki iti uru), ngā mōhiohio whaiaro. Otiia e kore e te enei paearu ki R & D wehenga o nga momo taketake iti.

Ngā momo o ngā rauemi mōhiohio me ratou whakarōpū

I roto i te whakatinanatanga atu roa, kia kawea te wehenga ki ngā rōpū kia atu tango ki pūkete paearu atu. Matamua e te rahi, kia tuhia te reira i konei e i te wāhanga nei o te whanaketanga o te hapori te ariā o ngā mōhiohio, MI ranei, He mea paihere ki te tuhinga (te kōrero pakipūmeka pera-ka karanga). Kei te matau te reira e tetahi momo o ngā mōhiohio tuhia rongoa i runga i te tetahi momo o te pāpāho ranei (tā, pāpāho rorohiko, tūmau, awa kōrero, me pera i runga i. D.).

I tua atu, wehe tono taua tawhā mo te whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio rite ratou wehenga ki pahoho me te pūkoro.

Ko te ahunga matua i roto i te whakarōpū o R & D

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te ahunga matua i roto i te R & D wehenga ki ngā akomanga rite ki etahi paearu, ka taea e te whakatau e koe he rota o whakaaro rerekē.

Heoi, i roto i te katoa o aua whenua i runga i nei whakarōpū rauemi mōhiohio, ka taea e koe te tīpako i te taketake tino:

• hanganga o te pūtake;
• i runga i te tohu o te whai wāhi;
• no te opuaraa mana'ohia;
• i te tikanga o te whakaaturanga, me te momo o te kawe;
• i roto i te puka o te rangatiratanga;
• i te tikanga o te whakahaere, me te rokiroki;
• ihirangi;
• i runga i te reo motu, me te pūtake rohe matawhenua ranei;
• te taumata o te mātau, me pera i runga i. d.

Ko te piha nui o te katoa ko te tohu o te ihirangi. Ka tenei e kōrero motuhake. A feruri i te tahi atu wāhanga.

I roto i nga puna o te hanga IR te wehe tuatahi, me te tuarua. Kei roto i tēnei te wehenga o (mōhiotia) ngā mōhiohio ā-ture, me te kore-ture e te mea i roto i o te mana i roto i ngā o te tikanga ture.

E hāngai ana te wehenga kei i runga i te whai wāhi e taea e ngā mōhiohio tūmatanui tūmataiti ranei ki te whai wāhi whāiti (hei tauira, te kāwanatanga, taputapu, ngaro arumoni ranei raraunga whaiaro).

I roto i te hori maha tautuhi i te whai ake ngā rauemi mōhiohio :

• whaiaro;
• rangatōpū;
• ngā rauemi pakihi;
• te pāpāho;
• kaupapa here;
• mātauranga;
• ahurea;
• rauemi o ngā rōpū me ngā pūtahi;
• ratonga, me ngā ratonga;
• whakangahau;
• hākinakina;
• recreation;
• papa pānui;
• Pūmanawa me te rokiroki pāpāho, me pera i runga i. D.

Na kia kite a he aha tawhā e whakamahia mo te whakarōpū o ngā rauemi kōrero i te tikanga o te whakaaturanga.

Tikanga, kei roto i tēnei te ariā o (tuhinga pukapuka, niupepa, makasini mashinopechatnye) pakeke kape, (mamati) pāpāho autō, me te hiko (audio, ataata, whakaahua, me te kiriata, kōpae kiato, pūrere mahara tango, puku pakeke rorohiko) me te tikanga kōrero (irirangi, TV, online).

I roto i te mana tūmataiti taiea (tūmataiti, rangatōpū), kāwanatanga, me te terenga, e hānga ana, tahi (ngā), he taonga motu.

I roto i ngā o te whakahaere, me te rokiroki o ngā rauemi mōhiohio whakarōpūtanga he e pā ana tetahi wahi ki nga momo o pāpāho (tā me te pāpāho mamati), a hoki whakarato mo te ariā o whare pukapuka, turanga, pūranga, pātengi raraunga, ngā kōnae tuhinga me ngā puka aunoa.

Ki te motu-rohe no, whakaaro ahau, he mārama katoa, engari i roto i ngā o te tohu o mātau o te wehenga i hanga i runga i te pūtake o te takotoranga mo te papatipu kaiwhakamahi ngaio ranei.

Ngā momo o ngā kaupapa i roto i te ariā o R & D

Ki te whakaaro ki R & D hinonga, i konei i reira e toru ngā momo matua:

• motu tangata stateless ranei;
• whakahaere;
• whēkau o te mana kāwanatanga i ngā taumata katoa.

Whakarōpū o te ihirangi

A feruri i te wāhanga nui rawa o te tohatoha IR - ihirangi - hei tauira o te whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio i runga i ngā paearu motuhake. I roto i te whānui, ngā reira te rōpū e whai ake nei:

• pukapuka kaupapa me te pūtaiao;
• mōhiohio papamuri;
• pānuitanga;
• rongo;
• tānga rārangi pukapuka.

Ki te titiro koe i enei āhuatanga, ko te ahua whānui hei tauira, tetahi wehenga:

• mōhiohio pakihi (ohaoha, pūtea, tauhokohoko, pakihi, tatauranga);
• pāpori-tōrangapū, me te mōhiohio ā-ture;
• ngā mōhiohio pūtaiao me te hangarau;
• kiritaki me ētahi atu pāpāho;
• whakawhitinga hiko;
• Rorohiko me te kōrero.

Noatia, kia kia rerekē i ētahi atu rite reira tetahi whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio whakaekea tenei ra mo te tohatoha o R & D i runga i te papa whenua motuhake. Heoi, i te kau e hiahia ake i roto i ngā mōhiohio hiko tatou.

Ko te momo matua o ngā mōhiohio hiko

Whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio (rorohiko hāngai ki tenei ngā) i roto i te take whānui e rua ngā momo matua o aratau IR paearu o whakamahi tā:

• ipurangi - te uru tika ki te tuhinga tūmau mā te whatunga;
• tuimotu - te whakamahi i ngā tuhinga, pātengi raraunga, whatiwhatinga ranei ona i roto i te puka o kape o raraunga tuatahi i te tūmau, rongoa i runga i pāpāho hiko.

I roto i te tikanga, ko te ahua rite ki te wehenga o te ihirangi te mōhiohio whakarōpū hiko, engari i roto i te tua i reira he pūmanawa kōtaha mākete:

• pūmanawa arumoni;
• pūmanawa free (freeware), tae atu ki ngā hua tuwhera-puna (GNU raihana GPL);
• shareware (shareware).

Ka rite ki te atu tua, tohu etahi puna te rāngai o ngā ratonga mōhiohio me te mahi.

Ko te ariā o te tuhinga hiko

He tuhinga o tenei momo i roto i te nuinga o te wā i matau tuhia ngā mōhiohio e whakaratohia ana i roto i te puka hiko, ki te perception i te pūnaha hiko, me te rorohiko, me mo te tuku - kōrero me taputapu whatunga.

Ka taea te māngai i tēnei momo o te mōhiohio rite kōnae motuhake, pātengi, me huānga ranei pūnaha aunoa. Ano, o te faufaa ngā ko te āhuatanga ture o te whakamahi tika o etahi tuhinga, ngā pūnaha tohu me te tohu, me te tiaki o ngā mōhiohio i tetahi taumata, me te momo o te whai wāhi.

Whakarōpū o ngā mōhiohio i runga i te Ipurangi

e kia tino pahara Whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio hiko ki te kore ngā take o te Internet, no te mea i tenei ra te nuinga o ngā tuhinga hiko e wātea ana i reira.

Here te tahi paearu taketake:

• whakaaturanga (whārangi tukutuku, ngā mōhiohio, me ngā tūmau kōnae, pātengi raraunga, ngā rōpūkarere);
• pūtake reo me te rohe;
• ihirangi me te t. d.

Ngā momo o ngā rauemi Ipurangi

E whakaaro Ngā momo me te whakarōpū o ngā mōhiohio rauemi mātauranga i roto i te tukanga mātauranga i roto i te rawaka te kiko. Heoi, ka taea e koe te kawe te tahi mau tāpiritanga ki ngā te tohatoha o R & D ki ngā akomanga te ariā o ngā momo atu o ngā rauemi ipurangi.

Ka rite ki te tikanga, i roto i te paearu ko te whai ake:

• me kakato mahi o te ihirangi;
• parau tumu o te taunekeneke ki te kaiwhakamahi (kōrero, pāhekoheko);
• te tohu o te wāteatanga.

Kua horahia e te ihirangi o te pae i runga i te iti (whārangi poto ki ngā mōhiohio taketake), blogs (mau api whaiaro), wāhi whakatairanga (pānuitanga o taonga me ngā ratonga), toa me ngā ratonga hiko, pae mōhiohio ki te kaupapa ngā, papa matotoru hoki tukutuku (rauemi nui ranei te Internet -soobschestva), tari rangatōpū (aunoatanga o kamupene), ngā pūnaha whakahaere pakihi, ipurangi integrated me te ipurangiroto (ā, me te whatunga waho).

I roto i te pāhekoheko ki te kaiwhakamahi e taea te wehewehe i ēnei momo o R & D, rite mōhiohio (zines, pāpāho, pouaka whakaata, reo irirangi), tono (whare pukapuka ipurangi me te pūmanawa pātengi raraunga rokiroki ki te kaha ki te tiki, engines rapu), hāngai-kōrero (whatunga pāpori, Internet -soobschestva), whakangahau (kēmu, waiata, ataata, ngahau, me te pera i runga i. d.), arumoni (pae ki ngā ratonga utua me ngā toa ipurangi), IR whakaaturanga pānuitanga.

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te tohu o te urutanga, hanga tenei paearu taea reira ki te faaite i R & D i runga i te iwi whānui (tuwhera ki ngā kaiwhakamahi katoa kaore he aweretanga), ipurangiroto (whai wāhi whāiti ki te kaimahi o tetahi whakahaere i roto i te ipurangiroto), anō-whatunga (ki te kia whakanohoia ki runga ki te Internet, engari he maha iti o ngā kaiwhakamahi te uru he ).

ratonga mōhiohio

I te pae hopea, hoki kia mea ai e pā ana ki ngā ratonga mōhiohio. I roto i te wahi tuatahi i roto i tēnei kāwai emit ratonga mō te rapu me te tukatuka mōhiohio, te tuku i runga i te tono i tetahi momo o te tuhinga me te kōrero rokiroki.

Ko te wāhanga tino nui tuarua, ko te ki te whakarato ratonga mō te whakamahi o te Internet, pātengi raraunga, me te AIS, i runga i te whai wāhi ki te Ipurangi ranei whatunga me kōrero o ngā mōhiohio, me te i runga i te whakamahi o te ī-mēra, me te hautū mahi (te hanganga o ngā whārangi whaiaro).

tiaki IR

A, mea takekore ki te mea, i tetahi R & D kia tiakina i te taumata teitei, me he reira tino kore rerekētanga he aha te momo no ratou ki, a ahakoa o te reo i roto i nei e penapena ratou.

I tua atu, i raro i te tiaki e taea te mohio ki a tikanga āhuatanga ture (te ture manatārua, raihana, tohu), me te hōtaka i roto i te puka o te pūmanawa wheori ranei pātūahi (pātūahi - pūmanawa ranei "rino"), te cryptographic hangarau whakamunatanga raraunga ranei hononga, me te pera i runga i. .

mutunga

I taea te kite i te runga ake, whakarōpū o ngā rauemi mōhiohio e taea hua i roto i rawa te rota, rawa, ki te tango koe i ki pūkete te maha nui o ngā paearu e taea te tono i roto i ia take. haere te reira i waho e mea kia rerekē etahi TS wehenga tikanga ki ngā akomanga mahi i roto i taatou rerekē. Heoi, i roto i te whānui e ratou katoa tino rite, me i maha nga mea i roto i te noa. I te pae hopea, katoa o te akomanga R & D mo te wahi tino e tata ana, a ki reira i hoatu noa i te wahi iti o te katoa e taea te whakaaro, ki te whakapūtā tetahi momo ngā o IR.