Whekau puha i roto i mollusks. Ko te hanganga o te mātaitai

He maha ngā momo o te kararehe. Tenei me flatworms, me coelenterates, me annelids, me angawaho me echinoderms me chordates. huaina te pūtaiao e mahi ki te ako o ratou te koiora. Ko hoki tetahi o te - kaimoana momo o te kararehe. Ka ratou e lāulea i roto i tenei tuhinga. He he ano hoki te peka motuhake o te koiora e tuatapapa i te rōpū kararehe. malacology huaina ia. He pūtaiao e mahi ki te ako o te anga kaiwhao, - conchology.

He āhuatanga whānui o te mātaitai

Kei te hoki i huaina Māngai o tenei momo spineless. He tino kanorau ratou. Ko te maha o ngā momo - e pā ana ki te 200 mano.

E wehewehea tenei rōpū o kararehe multicellular ki waru akomanga:

• Bivalve.
• Armoured.
• Solenogastres.
• Caudofoveata.
• Monoplacophora.
• Gastropods.
• Rei anga.
• Cephalopods.

whakaritea te tinana o enei kararehe kei runga tetahi me te parau tumu taua. Ka kia kōrero Next i roto i taipitopito atu mātaitai āhuatanga.

okana me ngā pūnaha ki te okana

Mātaitai, me te maha kararehe multicellular, kua hanga o ngā momo o papanga, e he wahi o te mana. Ko te whakamutunga, i roto i te tahuri, i whai ahua ai pūnaha okana.

Ko te hanganga o te mātaitai ngā te pūnaha e whai ake nei:

• circulatory;
• pūnaha me te tikanga whekau io;
• kūnatunga;
• puha;
• manawa;
• sex;
• arai tinana.

Kia tangohia a ratou i roto i te raupapa.

pūnaha circulatory

I roto i te mollusks Uakina ia momo. Kei roto te reira i taua tinana:

• ngakau;
• oko.

kaiwhao ngakau tito te o rua, e toru ruma. Ko kotahi ana roro me kotahi e rua ranei atria tenei.

He maha toto spineless he tae kikorangi rerekē. Tenei tae homai tona hemocyanin ngarahu romahā, i roto i te hanganga matū o e ngā parahi. Tenei taonga kua te mahi ano i rite taua o pūtoto.

honotanga toto i roto i kaiwhao e whai ake: kua ringihia ai i nga oko toto ki te mokowā i waenganui i nga tinana - lacunae me sinuses. Na ano te kohia reira i roto i nga oko, me te homai ki nga pihapiha pūkahukahu ranei.

pūnaha io

I roto i te mollusks mai ia i roto i rua ngā momo: he arawhata, me te momo marara-kōpuku.

Tuatahi hangaia e whai ake: peripharyngeal mowhiti i nei whakawhānui wha oko reira. E rua o ratou innervate te waewae me te atu e rua - te roto.

Ko uaua ake te pūnaha io o te momo marara-kōpuku. Kei a ia ko e rua o iahiko neural takirua. E rua puku te kawenga mō te innervation o nga whekau, me te rua takahi - waewae. Rua takirua o iahiko karere he kōpuku reira - ganglia. E te tikanga ratou e ono takirua: buccal, kaka, pleural, teka, kōpako me te visceral. Ko te innervate tuatahi te pharynx, te tuarua - te kāwai me kanohi, te tuatoru - te koroka, me te tuawha - waewae, ko te rima o - te pūnaha romahā, te tuaono - te tahi atu whekau.

rongo

He pera tinana mātaitai, tuku ki a ratou whiwhi mōhiohio e pā ana ki te taiao:

• kāwai;
• kanohi;
• statocysts;
• Osphradium;
• pūtau rongo.

Kei kanohi me kawekawe ki runga ki te matenga o te kararehe. Osphradium kei tata te turanga o nga pihapiha. Tenei okana tikanga matū. Statocysts - he whekau pauna. Ko ratou i runga i te waewae. He kawenga mō te tikanga o te pa pūtau tairongo. E tū ratou i runga i te mata o te koroka, upoko me te waewae.

pūnaha alimentary

Ko te hanganga o te clam whakarato mo nga whekau e whai ake o te api parau:

• korokoro;
• pū kai;
• puku;
• midgut;
• hindgut.

Ano, Ko reira te ate. I roto i te cephalopods , i reira he ano hoki te repe taiaki.

Ko te korokoro ngohengohe-tinana i reira ko te tinana motuhake mō te huri kai - radula. Kei te hipoki te reira ki te niho i chitin, whakahoutia nei rite te huri o tawhito.

whekau puha i roto i kaiwhao

ngā o te whatukuhu tenei pūnaha. E huaina ratou metanephridia. whekau puha i roto i mollusks rite ki te hunga o te kutukutu. Ko e whakaritea e ratou uaua ake.

whekau puha i roto i mollusks puta rite te huinga o awhiowhio te korere ferrous. oroko Metanephridia tetahi pito ki te putea coelomic, me te tahi atu - i roto i.

kia puha whēkau mollusks hakari i roto i ngā rahinga rerekē. Hei tauira, te tahi mau cephalopods i kotahi anake metanephridia kei i runga i te taha ki maui. I roto i te monoplacophora kitea te rite te nui rite tohatoha 10-12 okana.

I roto i te metanephridia mātaitai kohikohi hua ururua. E māngai ratou e kapia o mua. Kua tangohia te i te tinana o te kararehe e ratou nga rua ki te toru wiki.

Ano wahi o te pūnaha puha i roto i kaiwhao kia huaina ai te atria, e he kawenga mō tātari i te toto.

pūnaha romahā

mātaitai rerekē e māngai reira e te tinana ngā. Ko te kupu, ko te nuinga o pihapiha hakari ngohengohe-tinana. e karangatia hoki ratou ctenidium. takirua te reira i tinana feathery tika. E tū ana i roto i te kōhao koroka. I roto i te mollusks e ora i runga i te whenua, hei utu o pihapiha, ki reira he marama. Ko te kōhao koroka whakarerekētia. E huri e te oko toto ona taiepa.

Ko te hoki te reira i te wahi nui i roto i te utu hau e manawa kiri mātaitai.

pūnaha whakaputa uri

Ka taea te whakaritea te reira i roto i ara rerekē, rite reira kei roto i te pipi he hermaphrodites me momo dioecious. I roto i te take, ka kikiritanga hermaphroditism ia mahi takitahi rite e rua he toa, me te wahine.

Na ka titiro tatou ki nga pūnaha okana katoa o mātaitai.

arai tinana mātaitai

Ko te hanganga o tenei huānga rerekē i roto i ngā māngai o ngā akomanga rerekē.

Kia titiro a ki te kōwhiringa ngā o te integument, e kia whai tauira mātaitai, kararehe e no ki te piha haapiiraa ngā.

Ko te kupu, i roto i solenogastres me pukupuku caudofoveata whakaatu ana te koroka e hipokina te tinana katoa, me te cuticle arā, o glycoproteins. Hoki spicules reira - he ahua o te ngira, e ngā o kotakota.

I roto i te Anga, gastropods, cephalopods, me anga rei monoplakfor cuticle ngaro. Ko reira te mea he anga, e ngā o te pereti kotahi e rua ranei, i roto i te take o te bivalve. Ētahi ngohi o gastropods piha tenei wahi o te pepa e ngaro ana.

anga Āhuatanga hanganga

Ka taea te wehea te reira ki paparanga e toru: te waho, waenganui, me te roto.

Kei te hanga tonu te wahi i waho o te anga i matū organic. Nuinga o ngā wā ko reira conchiolin. kia whakaaro ai te okotahi anake ki tenei tikanga mollusk Crysomallon squamiferum i te piha haapiiraa o gastropods. Kua titoa te reira i te apa anga waho te o sulfides Ferrum.

Ko te wahi waenganui o te anga clam ngā o konupāhiko hanga tīwae.

Ā-- he paraharaha o te konupūmā.

Tenei kua whakaaro matou i roto i te taipitopito te hanganga o kaiwhao.

mutunga

Hei whakarāpopoto poto arotake i te okana nui me ngā pūnaha okana o ngohengohe-marohirohi i roto i te tepu. hoatu hoki tauira o kaiwhao no ki akomanga rerekē.

Na whakaaroa te māngai o te akomanga ngā o Pipi me ngā āhuatanga o ratou hanganga.

Tenei te uiui tatou i te hanganga o te māngai matua o te momo o te mātaitai āhuatanga.