Abilmansur Ablay Khan: Biography, ngā mahi me ngā kaupapa hītori

He nga kau taki o e he whakakake ia nga iwi. Mongolia Ko Genghis Khan, mo te French - Napoleon, mo Russian - Pita I. Ko te Kazakhs taua tangata ko te rongonui rangatira, me te rangatira Abilmansur Ablay Khan. kua Haurongo me ngā mahi o tenei tangata kua te kaupapa o to tatou ako.

Te āhuatanga i roto i te whenua o nga Kazakhs

I mua i neke matou ki runga ki ki te haurongo Ablay Khan, e hiahia ana koe ki te whakaahua poto te āhuatanga tōrangapū i roto i te rohe, nohoia e Kazakhs, mua e te wā o te mahi kaha o tenei ahua tino.

Mai te waenganui o te rautau XVII e pā ana te hītori katoa o te Kazakh Khanate i ki te whawhai ki fakaaoao Dzhungarian. Dzhungars - Maori iwi, kua whakahaere nei ki te hanga i tētahi āhua kaha, ka rapu ki te hopu i te puni Arapi nui kei runga i te rohe o katatānga hou. Mai i whakaekenga o te iwi i tukua e neke atu i te kotahi whakatupuranga o Kazakhs. I te dzhungar wa noa whakahaere ki te pehi i te rohe tonga o te whenua.

I roto i te pakanga ki whakaeke ke uouangataha kāwanatanga Kazak i 1718 i wehea e toru nga wahi - Junior, Middle ko Senior Juz.

Here i roto i tenei taiao tōrangapū matatini i whanau Ablay.

Ko te take, me te tīmatanga o nga tau Ablay Khan

Na te reira te wa tatou e ako atu e pā ana ki te tangata e ko Ablai Khan. haamata tona haurongo ki 1711. Ko reira ka e i whanau ia i roto i te utuafare pai o Kazakh Korkem Ouali-Sultan. ko Ablay Khan i muri i tona papa ruau - te rangatira rongonui o te Matua Juz, te nohoanga o i ko Tashkent. Otiia i whanau i ia he ingoa rerekē - Abilmansur.

Kua i te tau o ma toru Ablay Khan ngaro ia tona papa, i patua nei i roto i te raruraru me Dzhungars. Mai te wawe tau i takoha ia ki te whakawhirinaki i runga i a ratou ano anake. I utua te tamaiti ki te hepara Tole-Bey, nei ko he kaiwhakawa nui o te iwi Kazakh. I roto i te mahi i Ablay Khan he pii hou - Sabalak, e te tikanga "paru."

rākai

Nā ki te pakeke tiketike o te take, me te āhua riro Ablay Khan pono i roto i nga Kazakhs. A, no te i roto i 1734 ka te Khan o te Middle Horde Abilmambet, riro ia te taitara o Sultan me te tūranga o te rangatira hōia.

I roto i te wawe 40-doma i roto i te Orenburg Ablay, Abilmambet me ētahi atu iwi nui o te Middle Horde whakaae ki te Kaitiaki o te Russian Empire i runga i o ratou whenua. Ko te kupu tumanako ratou ki haina te tautoko o te mana kaha i roto i te whawhai ki Dzhungars me ētahi atu āhua Āhia Central.

I te tīmatanga, ko te whawhai i runga i Dzhungars Ablay whakahaeretia rawa pai, toa he raupapa o whakaora mo ratou. Otiia kua i roto i te 1742 i kitea Ablay Khan ia he herehere, i patua e Jungar mano tini i runga i te awa o Ishim. Heoi, e kore i tenei whakarau i roto i te noa. ako Ablay Jungar ahurea, te reo, tikanga, tata maheni ki to ratou rangatira Galdan Tseren ka tīmata te auhoaraa ki maha Dzhungars nui.

I roto i te 1743, ki te whai wāhitanga o te taha Russian, i reira ko te utu Ablay ki tetahi herehere matua.

Na, kua puta ke te āhuatanga tino. ka mate a Galdan Tseren, a ka riro te wahi nui o te whenua e puritia ana e ngā hōia Dzhungars Menisuú te Qing whare, i kingi China. Na nga Kazakhs i te wa i whakauru ki a ratou hoariri tawhito ki te whawhai hoki nga Hainamana. Otiia hohoro wahia ake tenei uniana, a ka takoha Ablay ki te hanga i te haumi ki te whare Qing, a i roto i 1756 ia me te Middle Horde Khan mohio mau pononga o Haina.

I roto i te 1756 fakafo'ituitui tae mai Ablay te whakapaipai Hainamana Beijing, te wahi i riro ai ia i rawa Wang taitara o te Hiha.

Heoi, i kore whakarere i te rangatira hōia Kazakh te Protectorate Russian, a i roto i te kōrero tonu ki tenei whenua raki.

Ko te whakatamarikitanga o taitara o te Khan

No ngā iti ko tona heke mai haurongo. Abylai Khan (Ablai Khan) i roto i 1771, riro Khan te taitara o Middle Juz. ¶ Na i muri i te matenga o Abulmambet. Ahakoa ngā riro te torona ko tetahi o nga whanaunga tata o te tupapaku, a ka mohio te iwi faaoti te Middle Horde e te taitara rawa tika Ablay anake.

I roto i tona kingitanga i kaha ki te nuinga o nga whenua o te tahi atu zhuzes e rua i huaina pera tika ia te Khan nui o Kazakhs katoa ia.

I te wa, i te riri Russia whakatikanga ake Pugacheva ka mau a Ablay kaupapa here rawa whakaaro nui, me te te tohunga. I runga i te ringa kotahi, i korero ia tautoko ki te tutu, me te ara fakafo'ituitui tutaki ki a ia, engari i runga i te tahi atu i te ringa, i te mau a'oraa ki ngā māngai o te torona Russian, a fakapapau'i ratou o tona piri pono. āwhina tūturu Pugachev Ablay, mo mea katoa take, kihai i i.

hiahia ia ki te kawe i roto i te maha o whakahounga nui e i mahara ki te whakatairanga ahuwhenua i roto Kazakhs me, pae hopea, ki te kawe ia ratou ki te noho ki raro, engari rere ana ia ki te ātete e mura i te rangatira nei i kite innovations herenga o ratou tika, me te mana motuhake.

mate

I mua i tona matenga te kitenga Ablay e kore e mohio manako ana whakahounga i runga i translation Kazakhs ki te ahuwhenua noho, noa ahuatanga me mutu ki te whenua Elder Juz. mate ia i roto i te 1781 o mau tumu maori i roto i Tashkent, a tanumia i roto i te whare moengaroa o Khoja Ahmed.

Ablay mahue i muri i te rota o ngā tamariki. he tane anake 30 iwi.

tuku iho

mahara tonu Kazakhs te mea i kawea mai painga nui to ratou whenua Ablay Khan. Biographies me tau hītori mo te iwi katoa, e kore Kazakhs anake, engari ko te mahara o te hero ko tapu ki te iwi. kitea e ia te rota o ngā pae puta noa katatānga e pā ana ki a ia kiriata āhuatanga tangohia. I tetahi o nga hiri, me i te 100 Tenge image hakari banknote ko Ablay Khan. Almaty kua he ara ko i te honore o te māngai nui o te iwi Kazakh.

Ko te maharatanga o Ablay Khan ka ora ake ake.