Alexander Zholkovsky: tona ora me mahi

Kaiwetereo, kaituhi, kua mohiotia te nuinga fakaanga tuhituhi Alexander Zholkovsky i Russia tenei ra anake ki tohunga kuiti. Ahakoa kei te tonu kaha whakawhanakehia ana ngā whakaaro pūtaiao, me te wherikotanga a Tūrongo me te kaha mohou. korero matou e pā ana ki te āhua o reira ko te ora o tenei tangata ngā, me tona ara auaha.

Childhood me takenga

Whanau pūtaiao heke mai Alexander Zholkovsky Mahuru 8, 1937 i roto i te Moscow i roto i te utuafare rawa ngā. Tona whaea a Tepora Semenovna Rybakova i mohiotia musicologist, Ph.D., whakaako ia hītori waiata i te Moscow Conservatory me Music College. mate Matua Constantine Zholkovsky Platonovich i whai wāhi i roto i te hoeraa kaukau i runga i te Moana White, ka ko tana tama anake he marama torutoru. papa o Alyx (pera te ka karanga tonu mea katoa Zholkovsky) whakakapi te tane tuarua o toku whaea, Lev Abramovich Mazel - rongonui musicologist Soviet, ahorangi i te Moscow Conservatory. I roto i te whawhai, i te tamaiti ki ana matua whakatahia ki Sverdlovsk. Ko kuia me te whaea koroua, e noho i roto i Kiev, patua te mahi Tiamana, a mate i roto i Babi Yar.

hanganga

I roto i 1944 ka hoki te whānau ki Moscow, a haere ana Alexander Zholkovsky ki tau kura 50, i reira puta ai ia ki te hōnore i roto i 1954. Tenei tukua ia kahore whakamātautau, engari anake mo ki te uiuiraa haere ki te kāreti. whiriwhiria e ia te Faculty whaimana o philology, Romance-Germanic peka o Moscow State University. M. Lomonosov. Ko English whāiti tona arero. ko Ākonga Zholkovsky he uaua, ako pai, engari a Hēnare i free rawa. I roto i taua tau whakamutunga ko reira e tika ana ki te hui Komsomol ka riro he riri, e i te wa kati te reira i aunoa i te tohatoha o tetahi wharekai nui atu iti iho ranei tika.

Ara Soviet pūtaiao

I muri i tu'ite, Alexander Zholkovsky, whakawhetai ki te inoi, me te arata'iraa o te kaiako, he kaiputaiao faaturahia Vyacheslava Vsevolodovicha Ivanova, piri te taiwhanga o te iritiraa mīhini i te Institute o Foreign Languages. Thorez. Ko te whare pūtaiao anake, e kore te mea e wehi ki te tango i te-whakaaro noa nei. ka anga ia ki te mataaro matua, ka riro he kaiāwhina rangahau teina , me te muri whakatika ki te kairangahau matua. whai wāhi Zholkovsky i semantics hanganga, a kua kite ana tuhinga he kaiwetereo tino Ikoa Aleksandrovich Melchuk. karangatia e ia te pūtaiao taitamariki i roto i tona rōpū mahi, e ka whakawhanakehia te ariā o "kuputuhi-tikanga" mohio i muri tata hou. Ka rite ki te hua o te mahi tahi i kite i te marama o te maha pukapuka i runga i te āhuatanga-kupu, me te whakamātau papakupu combinatorial whakamārama o te reo Russian. Whakawhanakehia te ariā o ngā rōpū i roto i te Soviet Union kihai i whakawhanake, whakaputaina te papakupu i anake i roto i te 80s i Vienna, i muri i heke Melchuk. Te taiwhanga ka ko he Freethinkers kapa tūturu, mo te mea, i roto i te meka, pānga katoa te.

I roto i te 1974, ka panaia ia i Zholkovsky MGPI. Ko tenei no te mea i muri i te pana o te tūranga o Solzhenitsyn freethinking pūkenga nui uaua, tīmata te purenga tūturu o pūtahi pūtaiao. e papaki ana te whakahaere Alexander ki te tiki i te mahi i te'inisititiutí "Informelectro" te wahi mahi i te Rōpū Yu Apresian i raro i te guise o kaiwhakahaere ohaoha S. G. Malinina. whakawhanakehia e te rōpū te tauira, a mahi translation mīhini Mel'chukov. I teie mahana, kua whānuitia mohio te mahi o tenei rōpū, me te mātātoa whakaputaina te ao.

tuhinga whakapae

I roto i te whakarara ki te mahi i roto i te rōpū Mel'chukov Alexander Zholkovsky ako i roto i te kura puta o te Institute o Oriental Reo i Moscow State University. Ko te kaupapa o te mahi ko te Somali reo tāwāhi. I roto i te 1968, i oti te tuhituhinga, kua tonoa Alec waitara, engari ka timata te whakahaere o te Institute ki pehi te korero. Ko te take mo te taua - hainatia Zholkovsky he reta i roto i te tautoko o te dissidents hopukia a Ginzburg Galanskov te whakapanga o te hanga, me te tohatoha i samizdat. Kua mawehe atu te Institute i te whakautu kaunihera tatararaa ki te pou-paetahi Zholkovsky. I roto i te hinga o 1968 te meatanga ki te whakaekenga Soviet o Czechoslovakia, a ko ano Alex i roto i te mautohe. faaoti whakahaere MGPI ki te tonoa dissident me kore e hoatu ki a ia te tiaki. Otiia haukotia reira te pananga o pūtahi tūmatanui, I marama tonu te nei tautoko Zholkovsky. Ka rite ki te hua, i roto i te puna o 1969 i taea e ki te tīrama haere tukanga tiaki, a muri ki te whiwhi whakaaetanga o te WAC ia. Ko te humanist dissident korero angitu anake.

tau o te whakahekenga atu

Independent me mahara Aleksandr Zholkovsky, kua hono ki te pūtaiao e kore anake, engari ano hoki ki te whawhai nei haurongo, e kore i taea e ahau pai ki te mo'oni Soviet, a i roto i te tau 1979 heke - te tuatahi ki Vienna me ka i roto i te US, te wahi kua ake mai ora ia. Hoki te maha o nga tau i mahi ai ia ki University Cornell, a mai 1983 - i te University o Southern California. Āta Alexander Zholkovsky, ko tona photo kei roto i tetahi mātāpunenga reo, ka anga neke atu i structuralism mārō ki te tuhituhi i te pukapuka e pā ana ki te kaituhi Russian tino, e whakatinana hoki i roto i te tuhinga roa, novellistka.

pukapuka

Kaituhi Alexander Zholkovsky, i te porohita pūmau o faahinaaro nei pukapuka i tenei ra, kua oti te tuhituhi neke atu i te 30 mahi pūtaiao me pukapuka, me te tata 400 tuhinga. Ko te tino rongonui i roto i te iwi whānui ka tona mahi i roto i te tenenga o te momo tuhi unfabled. Ko te pukapuka pai-mohiotia e Zholkovsky "Stars me te iti nervously," "He maumau me ētahi atu ētahi o te tino", "Poetics Pasternak", "Mikhail Zoshchenko. Poetics o hotohoto. "