Balakirev Ve'eteka Alexeyevich kaitito Russian, te upoko o te "ringa Kaha": biography, auaha

mohiotia te kaitito nui rawa Russian Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, nei mahi kore tonu e ngaro tona hāngai, kei te hoki tona mahi auaha tino kore anake, engari ano hoki i rite te kaiwhakarewa me Fakamānava'i o te akoranga katoa i roto i te waiata Russian.

Childhood me te Whānau

Wāhi o te kaitito January 2, 1837 i roto i Nizhny Novgorod. Tona papa, Balakirev Aleksey Konstantinovich i pekanga take pai runanga, whai wāhi ngā tamariki whaea. puritia Family whakapono Karaitiana tuku iho, a tupu ake rawa karakia te tamaiti, ara rawekengia tona whare, e karanga "te episekopo heke mai." Tuí puta noa to ratou oraraa noho te kaupapa nui mō te Balakirev. Mai te wawe tau whakakitea te tamaiti kaha waiata, a kite reira toku whaea.

Ko te wheako waiata tuatahi

Kua 6-7 tau Balakirev Ve'eteka Alexeyevich i raro i te arata'iraa o te whaea tīmata ki te ako ki te tākaro i te piana, e whakaatu ana nui te ahunga whakamua. I roto i te tikanga ki te hoatu i tana tama te pūkenga pai, e mama ia ki Moscow. I reira tū ia he akoranga poto o te piana technique i te kaitito rongonui , me te kaiako Aleksandra Dyubyuka. Na i te whare, tonu ia ki te whakawhanake i te taputapu i raro i te arata'iraa o te piana rohe me te pēne K. Eyzeriha. whakaurua e kaiwhakatangitangi Balakirev ko Alexander Dmitrievich Ulybysheva, kaiwhakaruruhau o te toi, he kaiwhakatangitangi runaruna, kaiako, e kua kairau a te wāhi tino nui i roto i te ora o te kaitito. Ko tona whare e pā ana ki te hapori ngingila o whakaaro rohe, kaituhi, kaiwaiata, i puritia kōnohete ki te matapaki i nga raruraru o te toi. Here i whakatakotoria ai te turanga o te outlook rerehua o Balakirev.

ako

mate wawe Mother o te kaitito i mua nei, hoatu ana e ia he mutunga ki akoranga nahanaha Balakirev waiata. I muri mai, marenatia tona papa ano, tona utu papaki nui ki te ora i runga i te whānau nui, te utu o te ako matou i taea e kore e haere. I tau 12, ka tonoa te tamaiti ki te Nizhny Novgorod rangatira Institute, te wahi riro ia mātauranga tuarua i te utu o te rangatira rohe. E whā tau i muri mai riro ia he tūao i te University o Kazan i te Tari Pāngarau, engari i taea ki te prouchitsya tika i runga i te tau, te moni mo te mātauranga anō i ia e ia, ko ia ki te whiwhi ratou ora na roto i te hoatu haapiiraa waiata. I roto i ona akoranga, i tuhituhi Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich mahi te tuatahi waiata: waiata, mongamonga piana.

karanga

Te kitenga i te taranata kitea o te tangata taitamariki, Ulybyshev i 1855 e ia ki a St. Petersburg, i reira ka tutaki ia ki te kaitito Russian Mikhail Glinka.

Balakirev Ve'eteka Alexeyevich, hei te waiata hoki e kua ha konga mahu'inga 'o te ora, whakakitea a ratou mahi Maitre ka riro whakamoemiti tiketike rawa, a whakatapua ana te ora kupu ki te tito waiata. Kotahi tau i muri mai, tuhi kaituhi he hakari ki te iwi whānui ana mongamonga tuatahi o te waiata, me te tona tuatahi rite te piana me te kaiwhakahaere i roto i te mahi o tona Concert Allegro mō te Piano me Orchestra. Kua tēnei mahi rawa pai riro e fakaangá, me te iwi whānui, i karangatia Balakirev mō ngā mahi i roto i mau utuafare taonga, kua awhinatia reira ki te whakaoti i te raruraru pūtea o te kaitito, engari kai te rota o te wā. Kaiwhakatangi kotahi mea o ia rite te kaihanga o taumu'a motu Russian kua tona waitohu.

Ko te ara ki te tikanga

Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, nei mahi e whiwhi i roto i rongonui, ia ārahi he hōtaka konohete kaha, huri i roto i porowhita fakamāmaní. Ko e te reira ia rawa nui te wā me te kaha, a ka kite ia i tona whakaaro i roto i te tito waiata, ka horahia ngā whakaaro matatau. whakaiti te reira i te maha o ngā wawaotanga, ahakoa pēhia reira pānga tona tūnga pūtea, a faaoti ki horo'a ia ki te waiata me te maramarama.

Balakirev me "kutanga Kaha"

I roto i te mutunga o te 50-doma o te rau tau XIX whakatata Balakirev ki te maha o nga kaiwaiata: A. S. Dargomyzhskim, V. V. Stasovym, A. N. Serovym. Ko te kupu i hanga te he porohita, e pai riro whakaaturia ki rite te "he kutanga Kaha". korero maha kaitautoko e pā ana ki o te waiata motu te whakarau, te matapaki i te mahi. Neke atu i te wa, piri te rōpū te kaitito tino nui o te Empire Russian Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Borodin, Mussorgsky, Cui TS. Balakirev kite i roto i ia o enei tangata taitama i āwhina waiata marama fakalangi ki a ratou te whakawhanake i tētahi homai, ki te hanga i to ratou ake kāhua waiata. riro tetahi te rōpū kaha o kaituhi, ia o nei mahi i roto i tona ara ake, engari ratou ngātahi te āwhina ia atu ki te whakaputa i te kāhua motu kotahi.

Kei te kaha te Group kōrero ki ngā māngai o te intelligentsia auaha o tona wa ki nga fakaangá Turgenev, A. Grigorovich, Pisemsky A., I. Repin. Katia me matatini hononga whakapumautia ki nga kaitito P. I. Chaykovskim, i runga i nei i te "he kutanga Kaha" he mana kaha. i kaha kaiwaiata i roto i te whakatairanga o ngā whakaaro iwi i roto i te toi, i ko Five and Seven ūnga mō te ahurea Russian.

E te 70 th tau whawhati ake te ropu, engari tonu ona whakaaro ki te ora, me te whakawhanake. "Nui kutanga" mahue te tohu nui i runga i te waiata Russian, tona mana i runga i A. mohio Liadov, Arensky, S. Lyapunov, Ippolitov-Ivanov, ara i roto i te ahurea waiata French reira ko he pai-mohiotia "ono" e Erik Satie ko Zhana Kokto, tukurua i te ara o te "ringa Kaha".

mahi mātauranga

Miliy Alekseevich Balakirev, tona biography te ake hono ki waiata, hanga he takoha nui ki te hanganga o te kura motu. I roto i te tau 1862, tahi ki G. Lomakin, faatere o te pŭpŭ himene Balakirev te hanga i tētahi kura music free, i meinga te pokapū o te mātauranga, whakatairanga o te toi motu me te wahi tuatahi o te mātauranga waiata papatipu.

Ko te kingi tautoko te kaupapa o kaiwaiata, na nga ngā i te whai wāhi ki te whakawhanake i o mahi he tupuhi. whakaritea ratou kōnohete o ngā ākonga, ka mau ki te kura o te katoa e i te kaha, otiia kihai i taea e ia te utu i nga utu. Ua haapii te kura whakangungu taringa, taonga puoro me te waiata. Balakirev ko te kaiwhakahaere o te whare, me te taeae faatere o te konohete. I roto i te hawhe tuarua o te 80-doma o te rau tau XIX, ko te kura he kaimahi whakapeka o te pūtea, i arahina ki te whakaiti nui i roto i tona mahi. Balakirev i haere i roto i te raruraru nui, ia ara rau te pou o te kaiwhakahaere mo te ia.

Otiia i roto i te 1881 ka hoki ia ki te pou o Kaiwhakahaere o te tamaiti tino me noho tonu te kura pono ki te mutunga. I roto i te 1883, Balakirev raro i te Tuhinga o TI Filippova ko Whakahaere Kooti Chapel, i reira tona taranata ako whakahaere, me te whai hua. whakapiki i te reira i te pūnaha whakaako i roto i te Chapel, whakarei ake wāhanga pūtaiao i roto i te Pekanga, ani manihini whakaako Rimsky-Korsakov, ngā piha upaupa, nui whakapiki i te kounga o te ora o ngā ākonga, hanga ana e ia he whare hou o te fare pureraa. I te 1894 i mahue ia i te fare pureraa o te ārahitanga, me te retires ki te utu moni totoka, mai taua wa i taea e ia horo'a ia ki te tuhituhi.

mahi Musical

Balakirev Ve'eteka Alexeyevich whai wāhi i roto i te waiata katoa i tona ora, ka anga tona mahi ki te tuhituhi o nga waiata runaruna tuatahi me nga wahi piana. Ngohe kaitito timata puhoi tākiekina e Mikhail Glinka, e te whakatangihanga a te wāhi nui i roto i te ora o te kaiwhakatangitangi. I roto i te 1866, Glinka, karangatia Balakirev ki arahi te hanga o te opera "Ruslan ko Lyudmila" me "Life mo te Tsar" i roto i te whare tapere Prague. whakakitea kaiwhakatangitangi mahi nui, a whakakitea taranata o tona kaiwhakahaere i roto i tenei mahi, i ko he angitu nui, ka whai wāhi ki te whakapakari o te tūranga o Balakirev i te ao waiata.

I roto i te tau 1860, haere te kaitito me te Täingäwai, e kohikohi waiata o nga kaihoe, nei ka mau i muri āhua i roto i te kohinga waiata, kia hanga tatou i te rota o te ngangau i roto i to tatou tikanga. I roto i te tau 1862, 1863 me te 1868-m tau haere ia ki te Caucasus, i te mau mana'o e kua pāngia te mahi o te kaiwhakatangitangi. Maoro, karangatia te kaitito ki te whakahaere konohete o te Imperial Russian Musical Society, engari i roto i te tau 1869 i takoha ia ki te waiho i te pou.

Ua haamata te wā uaua i roto i te ora o Balakirev, i raro kaitito ki te inonotitanga, me te tūtara, te meinga i te reira ia whētuki hinengaro, me hoki te maha o nga tau i ia nui heke tona mahi auaha. I roto i te 1881, ka hoki ia ki te waiata, engari ko te atu āwangawanga ki te aronga o te fare pureraa, tuhia e te moka, engari i tenei wa i reira e rave rahi kaha, mahi pakeke, pērā i te pehepehe Tira pūoru "Tamara".

I te mutunga o nga 90 mai te wā auaha, me te rawa hua whakamutunga o te ora o te kaitito. tuhia e ia he rota o te waiata mo te piana, e mahi ana i runga i te maau Tira pūoru "Rus" me "I roto i te Czech Republic."

tuku iho auaha

Composer Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, homai tau o te ora kei te ki te rapu mo te oranga, te mātauranga me te whakaako, mahue he tukufakaholo iti, engari nui. I roto i ana mahi nui ngā waiata mō "Kingi Lear", te wawata piana "Ihirama" maimoatanga atu taumaha o ētahi atu kaitito, e pā ana ki 2 tatini romances me waiata, e rua symphonies.

ora whaiaro

Balakirev Ve'eteka Alexeyevich i ngākau nui, ahua nutty whakanohoia i roto i te mau huru ora uaua. tona ora katoa i poto o te moni ia, i fakahoha'asi ia e te hoariri e whakapae teka ki a ia, whakaritea he pakanga ki te kaitito i roto i te press. Ko te hohonu rahi o te raruraru pūtea hit i roto i 1872, ka kore te kōnohete kura mutu anake ki kia pai, engari e kore e taea ki te haere. I tua atu ki te papa tenei kaitito mate o, a ki runga ki ona pokohiwi kei te tiaki o te toko i te ora o te mau tuahine teina. Kaiwhakatangitangi i roto i te hepohepo, haere mai ia ki te rärangi manavasii, ara whakaaro e pā ana ki te whakamomori.

I roto i te 1874, rau Balakirev kura me haere ki te whakahaere toa Warsaw rerewē hei underling, ia haamata ano ki te hoatu haapiiraa waiata. E kore te kaha ranei te wa ki te pupuri i roto i te pa ki te hoa i ia, a ka haere atu ana ia i te porohita o te rite-whakaaro, e kore e tito waiata. Ko te wā uaua tino i roto i tona ora. kitea Balakirev he ara i roto i te karakia, ka ia rawa karakia, me te āta timata ki te hoki mai ki noa. I roto i te 1881, ka hoki ia ki te mahi i te kura, mara te tona ahua hinengaro te. Mau fifi o te ora, e kore weriweri hoki waiata i tukua ki Balakirev hanga ratou ake whānau, a ka noho ia i te bachelor, auaha ngākau.

noho te kaitito te ora roa, me te ki tonu, mate ia i runga i Mei 29, 1910, me te kua tanumia i te Tikhvin urupā.

meka Interesting o haurongo

Life he tonu o te iwi auaha e maha piki me ngā heke, ngā rerekē, e kore te okotahi, a Balakirev Ve'eteka Alexeyevich. meka ngā kėia he rārangi nui, i reira e pouri ano. Na, me nga hua katoa o te kaitito ki te ahurea Russian kore anake, engari ano hoki ki te waiata Pākehā katoa i roto i tetahi pa i roto i te ao, kahore i waiho e ia te pou. Ko tetahi o nga kura waiata pai i roto i Europe, ki te kahore te ao, kei roto i Moscow, whakapehapeha faaite tona ingoa.

Balakirev i mate he tamaiti, i maha whakatoia ia ka pērā pāhoahoa faingata'a e peia ia ki hepohepo. I tetahi o aua pōrearea tautohetia ana, a tae noa hiahia ia ki te hoatu ki runga, ka haere ki te ohu whakapono, engari Waimarie, kua heke haere te mate, a ko te kaitito i roto i te ora fakamāmaní.

Ratou mātauranga, i roto i te meka, takoto ki te Balakirev ia, mahi pakeke ia i runga i tona tikanga, me te whakapai ake. Heoi, ka i ui ia i roto i ona tau pakeke, i whakaritea ahorangi o te Moscow Conservatory, kihai te kaitito no te mea kihai i whai ia he mātauranga mātauranga.