Easy Genetics: huru ngoikore - te reira ...

huru ngoikore - he huru e kore e whakaatu iho ki te reira ko te tohuira irarā ngoi o te tohu taua. Hei mahino pai tenei whakamāramatanga, kia mahi a ki te ara te tohu Tapa puta i te taumata ira.

He bit o ariā

whakawaeheretia ia āhuatanga i roto i te tangata e rua ira, ngā irarā, tetahi i ia matua. Ngā irarā e wehea ki tino me te ngoikore. Ki te he gamete i reira he irarā ngoi me te ngoikore, ka puta te tohuāhua tino. faahoho'ai teie parau tumu i te tauira ohie o te akoranga kura o koiora ki te kotahi matua kanohi puru, me te tahi atu - parauri, ka he pea ki te hei kanohi parauri, rite puru te tamaiti - huaira ngoikore. rongo ana tēnei ture e te mea i roto i te tohuira o te mau metua parauri-kanohi rua hāngai irarā ngoi. Kia kanohi parauri mō whakautu He ira mō te puru - he. Na, ka whiti e rave rahi kōwhiringa taea:

P: AA x aa;

F1: Aa Aa Aa Aa.

uri iraruakē katoa, ka whakakitea tino katoa - parauri kanohi.

kōwhiringa Tuarua:

P: Aa x aa;

F1: Aa, Aa, aa, aa.

Ki te whiti i tenei ka faaite te huru ngoikore (tenei kanohi puru). Ko te tūponotanga e ka waiho he tamaiti he puru-kanohi, - 50%.

Waihoki riro kirikōtea (disorders ähua), matapo, hemophilia. Tenei āhuatanga ngoikore o te tangata, e kitea anake i roto i te ngaro atu o te irarā ngoi.

Āhuatanga āhuatanga ngoikore

Kua puta ake maha āhuatanga ngoikore rite ki te hua o irakētanga ira. A haamana'o na, hei tauira, te wheako o Thomas Morgan ki te hua rere Drosophila. Ko te tae kanohi noa mō te namu - whero me etahi take ma-kanohi namu ko te irakētanga i runga i te pūira X. Na reira ko te ngoikore, takoto-hono.

Hemophilia A me matapo no hoki ki te ngoikore āhuatanga, sex-hono.

A feruri i whiti āhuatanga ngoikore mō te matapo tauira tae. Tera pea e te ira haepapa mo te perception noa tae, - X, he mutant - X ^d. Crossbreeding ko e whai ake:

P: XX X X ^d Y;

F1: XX ^{d, d} XX, XY, XY.

Ko, ki te he te tae matapo te papa, a ka ko tona whaea i roto i te hauora pai, ka kia hauora tamariki katoa, engari ka waiho nga kotiro kawe o te tae ira matapo, i te mea he 50% tupono ki kia whakaaturia i roto i o ratou tamariki tane. Ko te tino onge colorblindness wahine, no te mea tikanga ai te pūira X hauora mō te mutant.

Ētahi momo o ngā taunekeneke ira

Ko te tauira o mua ki te tae o ona kanohi - he tauira o te faatîtîraa katoa, e ko, kei te tino te paremo noa te ira tino i roto i te ira ngoikore. Waitohu whakakitea i roto i te tohuira hāngai ki te irarā ngoi. Ko reira he wa ka te ira tino kore he tino Kōpeke te ngoikore, me whakaaturia te uri ko te ripeka - he āhuatanga hou (kodominirovanie), ranei faaite mai e rua ira (mana pahara) ratou.

Kodominirovanie - he āhuatanga onge. I roto i te tangata puta kodominirovanie anake tupu o ngā rōpū toto. Kia tetahi o nga matua te rōpū tuarua o te toto (AA), te tuarua - te toru o nga rōpū (BB). Rua A me B āhuatanga tino. A, no te whitinga atu, kitea tatou e tamariki katoa i te toto rōpū tuawha, ā rite AB. Ko kitea i roto i te tohuāhua o e rua tohu.

riro hoki te tae o maha ngā tipu whaipua. A, no te whiti koutou i te rhododendron whero me te ma, ka taea e te hua e rua whero me te ma, me te puawai bi-tae. Ahakoa whero he tino, a i roto i tenei take, e kore e pehi i te reira i te huru ngoikore. Tenei taunekeneke i roto i nei āhuatanga e rua kitea ōrite kaha tohuira.

e pā ana tētahi atu tauira rerekē te ki kodominirovaniem. Na roto i te whiti hanganga whero me te ma kia māwhero he hua. Ko te tae māwhero ko te hua o te mana oti, ka taunekeneke te irarā ngoi ki ngoikore. Ko te kupu, he āhuatanga takawaenga hou.

pāhekoheko kore-allelic

Kei te whakaritea te reira e kore te mea moku, te tohuira mana oti tangata. e kore he hāngai ki te kainga tae tikanga mana oti. Ki te he tetahi o te matua o te kiri pouri, te tahi atu marama, me te tamaiti - pouri, kōwhiringa takawaenga, ehara i te mea he tauira o te mana oti. I roto i tenei take tika tupu taunekeneke ira nonallelic.