Fransua Mitteran: he haurongo, mahi, te kāinga me te kaupapa here ke

Fransua Mitteran - 21 th peresideni o France, a i te wa ano i te peresideni 4 o te Fifth Republic, whakaturia e Charles de Gaulle. tahuri tona ārahi o te whenua i roto i ki te hei i te roa rawa i roto i te aamu o te Fifth Republic, me i te wa taua tino tautohetia, ina kua neke te tautau tōrangapū i hapori ki te tikanga ohaoha.

Birth me tau o ako

I te wa ka te tahuna Europe tonu i roto i te Tama'i o te Ao ahau, i 1916, i runga i Oketopa 26 i roto i te pa o Jarnac wāhi o French peresideni Fransua Mitteran. E ai ki a ia, i whanau ia "i roto i te whakapono tino Katorika" utuafare. ko Jacques Mitterand, ko tona whaea, ki tona papa, - I. Lorraine. I roto i tona oire o Jarnac, ko ia ki runga ki te 9 tau o tau, a ki konei riro tona mātauranga tuatahi, a ka haere ki te "Saint Paora" - College te tau i roto i Angumele. wahi tenei Ko te whakanōhanga Katorika tūmataiti meinga, i muri i nei meinga e ia te Tohu Paetahi o Philosophy.

I te tau o 18 haere Fransua Mitteran ki Paris, ki te haere tonu o ratou akoranga. I reira whakauru ia i te Sorbonne, te wahi ako ia pūtaiao i mua i 1938. I muri otinga ka waiho reira ara e toru pōkairua: te mutunga o nga aravihi Philological me ture o te Whare Wānanga Sorbonne, me te Kura o Sciences Tōrangapū. I oti tenei whakangungu kei te ka tīmata te ora pakeke, engari ara ka titiro reira i roto i te mea homai noa o te hautoa me wawe, ko reira kua peresideni kitea heke mai Mitteran Fransua. e kore ko tōna kaupapa here e ngā ki reira, a noho ana a reira ki te wera anaanatae Rere te haere mai ki te mana o te Popular mua i roto i te tau 1936.

ratonga Military me te Pakanga II o te Ao i roto i te ora o Fransua Mitterana

I roto i te puna o 1938, i tuhia Francois. ka anga ia te tavini i roto i te 23 Regiment Colonial Infantry. I muri i nga Tiamana tuku i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, ka oho ia ki te rohe o te Sedan. I roto i te Pipiri 1940, i roto i te hopu o Paris i te Wehrmacht, Fransua Mitteran, i tino werohia ia e maina ha kongokonga. Semeio, te whakahaere ia ki te tango i ki kua patua i roto i Paris, engari hohoro a Fransua Mitteran i te whakarau Tiamana. I hanga te reira e toru whakamātau ki te mawhiti, a e te hotoke o 1941 pae hopea te whakahaere ia ki te tiki ki te mohoao, ka uru atu tonu te kaupapa resistance. I reira riro ia te ingoa "Kāpene Morlan."

I 1942-1943, ko François he ahua kaha i runga i mauhere. Ahakoa whakaturia e ia he whakahaere raro, me te Patriotic Union. I roto i te mutunga o 1943, te hui tuatahi ki Charles de Gaulle. Mahalo te hopoia i waenganui ratou koutou whakaturia i te raina. Fransua Mitteran, Heoi, pērā de Gaulle, ko te taitama kaitōrangapū, hapori, me te hui tuatahi nei i haere tahi ia ia ki te pakanga, me te tautohe tuwhera ki tona whakaaro. I roto i te tau 1944 i kaha i roto i te whakaoranga o France me mema o te ngangaretanga Paris ia.

mahi tōrangapū i roto i te tau pou-pakanga

I muri i te parariraa o Nasí Germany Fransua Mitteran timata ki mātātoa wawao i roto i te taputapu āhua o te French Republic. Kua puritia e ia neke atu i te kotahi tekau nga pou fakafaifekau, ka meinga te rangatira o te YUDSR rōpū. puritia e ia he akoranga anti-Fascist, me te nuitia whakahe i te kaupapa here me te kaha nui o Charles de Gaulle, a tae noa i tuhituhi te pukapuka e pā ana ki a ia.

Ko te whawhai mo te peresideniraa

Ko te wāhi koki i roto i tona mahi tōrangapū timata 1965. I roto i tenei wā ke ia tona haurongo. Fransua Mitteran mo te wa tuatahi ka mau wahi i roto i te pōtitanga peresideniraa. Heoi, i patua ia i roto i te rua o nga taka noa, me te peresideni mo te wā tuarua i anō-pōtitia de Gaulle. tonu e ia ana mahi pato'iraa i te matenga o te Kotahitanga o te Mauī. I roto i te 1974, ua haamana'o ia te whakarau o 1965 - ngaro ia ki Valeri Zhiskar d'Estaing i te rua i te a taka. kahore ano i tae mai tona wa.

I roto i tenei wā, e kore ia i ururua wa i roto i te noa: mahi ia ki runga ki a ia, i rapu hoki i ētahi atu tikanga me te hanga hononga tōrangapū hou, i kaha tana rite te huna me te tuwhera. I roto i te whānui, he reira kua koroheketanga i kore te tutukitanga. I muri i te katoa, i taua wa (1974) ko ia kua 60 tau, a ka tika timata ia ki te oaoa i te whakaora tōrangapū, engari mate kore tino pouri. Na reira, i muri ki te whiriwhiringa o 1981, ka timata ia ki te faaineine i rite e kore i mua.

4 Peresideni o te Tuarima Republic

I roto i te tau 1981, i roto i Hānuere, i te Congress o saf (French-pāpori Party), i paahitia whakaingoatia rite te kaitono peresideniraa i roto i te pōtitanga i muri. Ko tona haora pai. 4 Peresideni o te Fifth Republic ko te Fransua Mitteran, kaupapa here kāinga me te ke e ara ka he ingoa motuhake - "mitteranizm". ko mahi hōnore Francois atu mau peresideni e, he pūmau anti-hapori, i roto i tona kaupapa, i okioki ia ki runga ki a ratou i roto i nga ara taea, a kahore kotahi i tona hoa.

kaupapa here kāinga

I roto i te hua i roto i te kāwanatanga timata Fransua Mitteran ki te whakahaere i whakahou pāpori. kawea tona mahi i roto i te Kawanatanga ki te whakaiti i te wiki e mahi ana, he hekenga o penihana tau, te decentralization o te kaha. A, no te whai mana nui, a ko te kupu "ringa noa" i roto i te pā ana ki ngā take maha mana rohe Mitterrand. Ko tenei te pātai i hoatu e kahore rongo mau i roto i te kingitanga o Charles de Gaulle me Mitterrand ia i maha whakahē mō te mana nui i roto i te ringa o te tangata kotahi. I tua atu, ka whakakorea te tautea mate. France i tenei take ko te whakamutunga o te whenua Pākehā Western katoa. Heoi, mai i te tau 1984 i akina te kāwanatanga i ki te neke ki mehua o "austerity" ka whakaititia whakahounga pāpori.

Mai 1986 ka timata te wā o pera-ka karanga. "Coexistence" e mahue te peresideni mahi tahi ki te matenga matau o te kāwanatanga, whakamatauria nei ki Zhak Shirak.

I roto i te 1988, mo te wā tuarua i anō-pōtitia ia Fransua Mitteran. noho tonu tōna kaupapa ā-: tautoko reira nga Kominiusi, ka haere ki te whiriwhiri ki te ope tika-parirau, me te i te wa ano e kore e whakarerea e te maui, e faaite te reira kaitōrangapū rite mohio, me te matakite ki te wheako whānui i roto i tenei mara.

Ko te kaupapa here ke o Fransua Mitterana

Tata nga tau katoa o tona peresideniraa, i takoha ia ki te faaite i te mana ki te tika-parirau pirimia. whakaatu ana hoki te kaupapa here ke o Mitterrand te whakaaro o nukarau i waenganui i te maui, me te tika-parirau ope. Ngā, taunaki e ia te whakapakari o whanaunga ki te United States, Germany, a ka ki te kotahi Germany me, o te akoranga, ki Russia. Fransua Mitteran ko tetahi o te tuatahi ki te tautoko i Boris Yeltsin i roto i te tahuritanga. Otiia ara i mua i te mau ohipa o Akuhata 1991, kaha mahi ngātahi ia ki te Soviet Union. I tua atu, Francois takaro hoki te roha o te mahi ki te whenua African.

I roto i te 1981, riro Fransua Mitteran te wikitoria nui - ka e ia te peresideni o France, engari te taua tau, ka hoatu e ia tetahi atu "ohorere" - i pāngia ia matepukupuku. nga tau katoa o tona kingitanga, ka haere ia me te matepukupuku repeure. whawhai Mitterrand ki te whakamutunga. I roto i te 1995 mutu ia tona wā peresideniraa tuarua o te tari, me i te Kirihimete i ia me tona hapu ki te haere ki Ihipa. Otiia i roto i te marama o Hānuere 8, 1996-th, 79 th tau, te 21 th peresideni o France Fransua Mitteran ka marere ki tetahi atu ao. Interest i roto i tōrangapū, me te aroha o te whenua, i whakahekea e ia i roto i tona ora katoa e kore he poto.