Gastev Alex Kapitonovich: haurongo me te whakaahua

Te riroraa i te rohi pehe o te wā Bolshevik, kua meinga te tangata he pionie i roto i te pūnaha whakahaere i te tukanga whakaputa, me te whakahaere mahi. ngana ia ki te whakawhanake i tētahi ariā o ako ahumahi, i mara te kotahi me mo te katoa tūranga handicraft hinengaro.

Na ka Gastev Alex Kapitonovich mara whiti rongonui. I tua atu, pau tenei tangata te rota o te wā te āwhina te iwi noa. Tona maha monograph pūtaiao, me te whai pānga i tenei ra mo HR kaiwhakahaere matua e ngana ana ki te whakarite i mohio to koutou rerengamahi. Na ko wai te mea ia, Gastev Aleksey Kapitonovich, me e he mōhio o tenei katoa, o te akoranga, iwi pūmanawa? Whakaaroa tenei pātai i roto i te taipitopito atu.

Tau o te tamarikitanga, me te taiohi

Na, tuhinga hero - Gastev Aleksey Kapitonovich. Biography poto tenei ahua tūmatanui, ka tino hei pehe, orurehau, me te theorist o te whakahaere o te mahi whai hua i te iti rawa mō te mātauranga whānui.

I whanau ia i roto i te pa o Suzdal. Gastev Alex Kapitonovich (rā o te whanau - Mahuru 26, 1882) wawe rawa ngaro tona papa, e mahi rite te kaiako i roto i te kura i ia te wā. noho ia ki tona whaea, e roaa kakahu tuitui, i awhina ia ia i te tau wawe e kore e e kia rawakore ratou utuafare. Na, ahakoa te āhuatanga pūtea uaua, tonu haere te tamaiti ki te kura.

Ko te 'amanaki' o e hoko i te kaiako

Ano, i muri i te mutunga o Gastev Alex Kapitonovich tuatahi haere ki te kura, a ka meinga he ākonga o akoranga hangarau. Ko te tangata taitama e whakaatu ana itoito i roto i to ratou akoranga, na kua ia te tūponotanga katoa ki te riro i te ākonga o te Kaiako Moscow 'Institute, a kihai ia e mahue i te rave'a. Heoi, i roto i ona tau teina ka ia hiahia i roto i te kaupapa pāhoro kaha, na te kura nui i runga, kihai i whakaotia e ia, no te mea o tona whakarerenga i te tata.

He piri o nga whakaaro o te Revolution

I te tau o waru Gastev Alex Kapitonovich riro te ngā u'ana i roto i te ora tōrangapū o te whenua, tautoko i te "tuwhena maui" rere.

putapu e ia nga rarangi o te RSDLP. Noatia, mai te tangata taitamariki ki te tirohanga gendarmerie ka waiho i raro ki maha hopukia me ngā hononga, kei te taviniraa i te rerenga kōrero i roto i te Arkhangelsk, Vologda, kawanatanga Tomsk.

I roto i waenganui i, hononga ia te mahi o kaimahi i roto i te hinonga ahumahi o Kharkov, St Petersburg. I roto i te 1906, ka tīmata te tangata taitamariki ki te whakatairanga me te tautoko i te kaupapa hokohoko uniana. Tae noa te Oketopa Revolution Alexei Kapitonovich, he i te kāinga i roto i te mana o te manene ture, toutou huna i te mana noa atu, inā koa i roto i Paris.

I roto i te 1907 Aleksey Kapitonovich Gastev, tona haurongo kei te rota o te mōhiohio ngā me te taa'eraa, piri ia te poari o te mua parakimete 'Union, a tata muri ka te hēkeretari o te Komiti Central o te hanganga. Otiia i muri i te revolution, neke ahua tona aro i roto i to ratou mahi ngaio.

tuhituhi Niva

I te timatanga o te rau tau 20 Aleksey Kapitonovich Gastev kore ano i puta i roto i te press nei whakaahua, tīmata ki te whakakite i te taranata o te rohi pehe.

Tona mahi tuatahi, i puta i roto i te press i roto i 1904, i huaina "muri". Ko reira he kōrero, e te parau e pā ana ki te ora uaua o activists tōrangapū e kua whakaraua ki mamao pito o te motherland. I muri i te tahi mau wa, ka anga reira ki te whakaputa i ngā kohinga o mahi Gasteva, te whakamutunga o i puta mai i roto i te 1923 i roto i Moscow.

Horizons hou

I roto i te wawe 20-doma Alexei Kapitonovich āta rau te mara pakiwaitara me te piki timata ki te tiki wāhi i roto i te raruraru o te mahi kumi. tīmata ia te hanga o te Institute Central o Reipa (CIT) i raro i te Kauae Kaimahi me arahina ia tona hanganga.

Ko te whakawhetai ki tenei hanganga taea Gasteva ki te whakatinana ana mahere katoa, whakaturia atu i roto i te monograph pūtaiao reira. I roto i taua wa, ka arahina e ia te CIT, te tahae o mua i taea ki te whakaako i ana tikanga, rau o nga mano o kaimahi, a, i roto i te whakaaro o kaiwhakahaere hinonga, kua meinga e ratou tohunga mātau i roto i to ratou mara.

Ko te rongo o te institution, ko te upoko o e Aleksey Gastev, ka anga ki te horapa ki te tere nui, a ka anga ka hohoro kaiako tatūtangā ki whakaako ngā kaimahi i roto i te rohe tino mamao o te USSR.

take Topical o rerengamahi

Noatia, i roto i te 30raa reira nga kohakore nui te pūnaha o te whakahaere mahi i roto i te hinonga Soviet.

Just ratou me te whakarongo utua Gastev Alex Kapitonovich. "Me pehea e mahi ahau?" - Ko te ingoa o tona mahi pūtaiao i oti rawa ki te rerengamahi whakamahere tupato tenei. tohu te kaituhi i e te iwi e mahi tīmatanga kihai i mohio me pehea ki te mahi i roto i ngā rōpū, a maha pakeke ki te whakarongo ki te tangata e tu i runga i te arawhata.

A, o te akoranga, faatau ētahi wā te kaimahi kaiako e haere mai ana i runga ake, e kore te kitenga tetahi he ki taua. tirohia te reira i enei take i roto i te taipitopito Gastev, a, rite whakaaturanga mahi, i muri i te tai'oraa i te tuhinga, hiahia tino he tangata ki te riro i te whakahaere, me te kaimahi pakia.

"Kairautanga māhorahora - te pakiaka o te kino"

whakapono te kaituhi, mo te whanaketanga o te ahumahi Me te revolution i roto i te ahurea. A e kore e waiho te mātauranga ahurea whanaketanga, ki te kahore he mahi ki "moepuku noa", me te tu i roto i te ahurea rā o te ture hapori, e whakahaere i te tikanga o te kai tōtika tika, me te toenga o te whakamahere ra. Otiia e kore e he nui ki te whakatika i te āhuatanga anake tenei.

He mea tika ki te whakapai ake i te huru pāpori-hinengaro i roto i te hapori e ka tukua te takitahi ki te whakahaere i to ratou whanonga me kare.

"Thinking kikokore"

I te tau 1924 whakaputaina e ia tetahi atu Gasteva taketake mahi. E kīia ana "waiaro mahi." I roto i tenei pepa tātarihia Alex Kapitonovich i taipitopito te whakangungu tikanga mahi ariā tatūtangā.

kua riro tona parau haapiiraa pūtaiao he ai öna mo te hanganga o te mau parau tumu hou o te whakaaro hiroki. whakaputaina Gastev maha ngā aratohu mō te faaineineraa o te whānuitanga o ngā ngaio, tae atu ki: mīhini, kaimahi pueru, hiko, parakimete, Aviator, Turner. I roto i to ratou ako, ko te whāinga o nei ki te faaineine i te kaimahi, kua whai wāhi Alexei Kapitonovich tikanga te ako o te nekehanga i roto i te mahi o te mahi ngā.

Ka rite ki te taputapu mo te tātari, ka whiriwhiria e ia tsiklografiyu (pikitia o etahi āhuatanga o whēkau nekehanga tangata whai wāhi i roto i te mahi). He angitu tutuki i roto i te rangahau, ka whakatutehu ia ki te ao tohunga anō-mātauranga, te whakatū hoki tenei whakaaro he kamupene arumoni "Tāuta". wheako nui o mua-whawhai, me te tau pou-ahumahi, haere noa atu hoki hinonga matatau, whakahohea te pūtaiao pakeke hua te ariā o pūtaiao Reipa Organization (MUSIC), kua tangohia te mau parau tumu o e ara te United States.

Otiia he rangatira Soviet taetuí o te mau parau tumu kikokore Gasteva, me te rangahau pūtaiao, rite whakaturia atu i roto i te maha o monograph, i waiho e ratou.

I roto i te wawe 30-doma ka Alexei Kapitonovich etita i tino o te hautaka "Bulletin o Waeine". mahi ano ia i roto i tā "Tautuhinga i te kaimahi" me "whakahaere o te mahi".

tamata te pūtaiao ki te kite i te ao auaha. I roto i a ratou mahi pūtaiao, kore ia e haere mai ana ki te revolution ao me cosmopolitanism, he reira atu āwangawanga ki te raruraru o te tangata noa. He nui to ratou uara mahi, a i roto i te wa o tenei ra.

I roto i te 1938, he kaiherehere te kaipūtaiao i runga i te faahaparaa teka "KGB." I te tau 1939 i koperea Alexey Gastev.