He aha e neurons? Te hanganga me te mahi o neurons

Ko te tinana tangata, ko te he pūnaha matatini i roto i nei maha wāhanga motuhake, me ngā waeine whai wāhi te mahi te. Waho, te mea timatanga, a tae noa tahito te tinana pūrere. Heoi, ki te titiro koe hohonu me ngana ki te tautuhi i te kaupapa hoki i reira ko te taunekeneke i waenganui i nga tinana rerekē, ka haere mai ki te mua io. Neuron, i te mea te wae mahi matua o te hanganga, mahi rite te tuku o ponana matū, me te hiko. Ahakoa te ōrite waho ki ētahi atu pūtau, mahi reira atu matatini me ngā mahi tino nei tautoko he faufaa mō te mahi a te tangata psychophysical. Hoki te māramatanga o tenei receptor kia mahi ki tona hoahoa, mahi mau parau tumu me ngā whāinga.

He aha e neurons?

He neuron Ko te pūtau motuhake e he nehenehe o te fariiraa a te tukatuka mōhiohio i roto i te tukanga o te pāhekoheko ki ētahi atu wae hanganga me te mahi o te pūnaha io. Ko te maha o enei receptors i roto i te roro, ko ^Whiringa 10 (kotahi rau piriona). Ko te kupu kia roto i tetahi neuron neke atu i te 10 synapses tysyach - kūmuri tairongo, me na tikanga o nei hoapā intercellular puta. Homai te meka e kia kia i titiro enei āhuatanga rite poraka e taea rokiroki mōhiohio, he reira taea ki te faaoti e te taea o te roro tangata i roto i moni nui o te mōhiohio. ka karanga ano te wae hanganga neuron o te pūnaha io, whakarato te mahi o te rongo. Ko te, whakaaro kia kia tenei pūtau rite te huānga multifunctional mo te otinga o ngā raruraru.

pūtau Rawa neural

Ki te whakarite tatou i te hanganga o neurons ki ētahi atu pūtau, ka taea e kitea e tatou he maha ōritetanga. Heoi, i roto i ngā o te taumahinga, te whanaketanga me te mau parau tumu o tenei āhuatanga ahurei o te tinana tangata. Ko te āhuatanga matua o te neurons ko e i muri tonu i te whanautanga o ratou pūtau mutu ki te whakaputa uri. E whakamārama ana tēnei i te meka e rite tupu pakeke ratou kia heke ai te tokomaha o receptors i etahi rohe o te roro. Heoi, ka taea e etahi momo o neurons i muri i whanau tino whakanui i ngā hononga hou, e whakapai ake ratou mahi mahi. He āhuatanga i roto i te hanganga. Ko te take i te mahi o te pūtau neural te tuatahi e hāngai ana ki te whāinga kōrero. Hoki tenei take, whakarato tona hanganga he maha o ngā tukanga motuhake e he kawenga mō te whakawhitihia me te whiwhi tohu.

Ko te hanganga o neurons

Ko te pūtake o te tinana pūtau, i roto i te mea he organelle me te matua pani ki te pūtau motuhake. tukanga aro takitahi pūtau aroaro axons me dendrites. Ko te matatini ia neuron ka whakawhanakehia te cytoskeleton, e te ô i ki te tukanga. āwhina ana tēnei huānga ki te mau tonu te āhua pūtau, a me ki tenei mahi whakawhiti mahi organelles neurotransmitters. Ko te kupu kua ia pūtau he hanganga, engari rerekē ratou i roto i te rahi. Hei tauira, ka taea e te tinana e he neuron te whānui i te 3 ki te 130 microns. Hoki kia rerekē receptors karere i roto i te maha o ngā tukanga. Ētahi tauira, hei tauira, kua dendrites maha, i e kitea ētahi manga katoa e whai wāhi ana ki te te fariiraa atu nui o ngā mōhiohio. Ko te taua pā ki te axons, e rerekē i roto i te roa.

Ko te tukanga o te hanga neurons

Ia neuron he-mua pūtau, i mutu rohe i mua riro ratou i te tukanga putanga tuatahi. Heoi, kei te mohio ki painga nga āhuatanga o tenei tukanga. E ai ki maha kairangahau, te axon puta tuatahi, aru i te hanganga o dendrites ia. I te mutunga o te tukanga hanga reira he thickening, e atu paves te "huapae" i roto i te kikokiko e karapoti ana. He mea nui ki te mahara e penei neurons i roto i te pūnaha io? Tenei kōwae hanganga me te mahi iti, e whakaritea e ngā tukanga nei uara. Waho, rite he taua peka rakau o angiangi tarakina matotoru o e pā ana ki 0.2 microns. Ko te kupu i roto i microspikes taea roa tae 50 microns. Ko te wā i waenganui i taua tukanga ki tonu membrane konumihia.

mahi neurons

Vai nei te tahi mahi e mahi neurons. I roto i ngā, rerekē te pūtau tairongo i roto i te tūtohutanga ki ngā whakaohooho. e kitea enei receptors i te kiri, arero, uaua, me te t. D. te pūtau o tenei momo tukua he tangata ki te ite mamae, tirohanga pāmahana, te pēhanga, me te kakara me te reka. Heoi, ki te matau tino te mea nga neurons me aha he tika ratou, kia whakaaro te tauhohenga e kore anake ki whakaohooho. Atu pūtau rongo, i reira he neurons nekeneke, whakaihiihi uaua o te tinana. Tera atu ano tetahi rōpū nui o receptors mahi rite te hono i waenganui i te nekeneke me ngā pūtau tairongo. interneurons reira, e hanga i te pūnaha io pokapū.

momo o neurons

E pā ana te whakarōpū matua ki te wehenga o neurons i runga i te pūtake hanganga. I roto i ngā, kua tāutuhia ngā pūkenga bezaksonnye, psevdounipolyarnye, unipolar, pourua me neurons multipolar. Me mea e ahau e tonu i matau iti etahi o enei momo. E pā ana tēnei ki te bezaksonnym pūtau e kua whakarōpūtia tahi i roto i te ua. tautohetohe mo neurons unipolar hoki tīmata. He whakaaro e kore he taua pūtau me te hakari i roto i te tinana tangata. Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te mea te neurons i roto i te tinana nuinga e taata teitei, ka haere mai ki te mau farii ohipa multipolar mua. kua he whatunga o dendrites me te axon kotahi tenei pūtau. taea mea koe te reira he neuron matarohia, te tino noa i roto i te pūnaha io.

mutunga

pūtau Neural Ko te wāhanga wāhi o te tinana tangata. Ko reira i roto i te whakaratohia mahi rā enei receptors, me rau o nga mano o foaki matū i roto i te tinana tangata. I te wā nei o te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao e homai he whakahoki ki te pātai e pā ana ki te mea i nga neurons, ko nga rau, me te wāhi mō ngā āhuatanga heke mai. Hei tauira, i tenei ra i reira e rerekē whakaaro i runga i etahi o nga mita o mahi, tupu me te whanaketanga o tenei momo o ngā pūtau. Otiia i roto i tetahi take, te ako o neurons ko tetahi o nga mahi matua o Neurophysiology. Kati te reira ki te mea e te āhuatanga hou i roto i tenei mara e taea ki te whakaheke te marama i runga i ara pai ki te hamani maha disorders hinengaro. I tua atu, ka āwhina i te māramatanga hohonu o neurons mahi parau tumu ki te whakawhanake i te tikanga ki te whakaongaonga mahi hinengaro, me te whakapai ake i mahara i roto i te whakatupuranga hou.