He aha he rau matomato? Aha e hiahia ana te reira ratou?

Plants - tetahi o nga kingitanga e rima o kaiao ora i runga i to tatou paraneta. no ratou ki nga eukaryotes, taata arā nei pūtau i roto i te karihi.

Ko te hanganga o te tipu

Ka taea e waiho ratou rauropi pūtau multicellular ranei. Ko te whakamutunga e wehea ki ngā wāhanga pērā i matomato, parauri, me te whero pükohu, spore, gymnosperms me angiosperms. Ka taea e te tinana pükohu ngā o te pūtau kotahi, me o te tokomaha, engari i roto i to ratou hanganga i reira he kahore tinana, te tinana totoka - ka karanga te rau tuawhiti. I roto i te spore, gymnosperms me angiosperms (tipu whaipua) kitea te aroaro o te kopa rerekëtanga, i nga okana. Tata wehea ki vegetative me generative. E pā ana te mua rere (aukati me rau) me te pakiaka. fifili tokomaha iwi, "He aha rau matomato," He aha tenei tae? Ano, ui maha tamariki te pātai: "He aha ko te rau matomato?" Na tenei tuhinga ka tīmata tatou ki tenei kaupapa.

He aha he rau matomato?

Tenei tae Ko e tika ana ki te aroaro o te chlorophyll. I roto i te ngahuru o te ngarahu ngaro te me kua tahuri te whārangi matomato ki whero, karaka kōwhai ranei. He aha e hiahia ana koe i tenei mea? Ko reira faufaa noa hoki tipu. Te kore reira e kore e taea e puta i te tukanga o te ahotakakame i nei e hua matūkai. matū Organic tipu e te nuinga o whiwhi anake i tenei tukanga. Heoi, etahi momo e ora i roto i te papa o raro o te ngahere tikitu, e kore e whiwhi nui te marama mo te ahotakakame tonu, na haere ki te hopu hoki pepeke iti, ko te kupu kapeneheihanatia mo te kore o ngā pūhui matū waro. ngā sundew, hiripa o wahine, me te pera i runga i enei. D.

Poto e pā ana ki te hanganga o te pūtau tipu

Kei a ia ko te membrane wē, te taiepa pūtau o te cellulose, te cytoplasm, e kei organelles me te karihi e he DNA. Ko te cytoplasm kei taua organelles: te pungaraungao, ribosomes, kiriuwhi, miru (i roto i te whare herehere tawhito - kotahi nui, i roto i te taitamariki - he torutoru iti) te matatini Golgi,, me plastids (chloroplasts, leucoplasts, chromoplasts). Ia o ratou mahi tona mahi. Pungaraungao hua pūngao, ribosomes synthesize pūmua kiriuwhi (reticulum) mahia vacuoles lipid kohikohi matū e hiahiatia ano he mata, a ratou i waho o te taiepa pūtau totoka taea i roto i chloroplasts haere tukanga ahotakakame, chromoplasts i roto i ngā uhi, leucoplasts matūkai rahui penapena ( fele, tenei māngaro).

Pehea he ahotakakame?

kawea ana tēnei tukanga i roto i roto i te chloroplasts, e kua kei roto i te cytoplasm. Enei organelles he odnomembrannymi i roto i to ratou hanganga ngā thylakoids - paraharaha kohia i roto i te mata - te tāpae. Ko te reira i roto ia ratou, a roto i chlorophyll - i te mea rau te aha matomato. I tua atu, i roto i chloroplasts ribosomes, whai wāhi i roto i te waihanga o te pūmua, māngaro granule, me te rāpoi ngota pītauira porohita, i roto i nei tuhia ngā mōhiohio kei runga i te matū e he ki kia synthesized i roto i te pūtau. I roto i te tukanga o te ahotakakame, ngā tipu mimiti solar pūngao, te wai me te hauhā me te hoatu atu hāora rite te tauhohe e-hua. E tika whākōkī e te tauturu i te mahi taunekeneke matū i roto i te kopu pūkano tipumata (taonga whakakī i te reira).

He aha ngā reira o rau?

Ka taea e tēnei tinana kitea e rave rahi momo o te tipu kikokiko, he ratou wha. Tenei kiriwaho, mesophyll, whakahaere kiko (kōtai me kōkai), me te kiko aunoa. Ahotakakame e wahi ïa i roto i te mesophyll, parenchyma ranei. Ka taea e kite koe i nga pūtau o te rau matomato i raro i te karu. Tenei pōro runga - te kiriwaho. Pūtau i whakaritea reira tata ki tetahi ki tetahi, engari kei roto tenei paparanga kōputaputa e tukua ki te mimiti te hauhā me te tuku i te hāora, ka whakahaere i hoki te wai me te pāmahana toenga. Parenchyma (mesophyll) Kei te wehea ki e rua paparanga - tetahi o ngā pūtau hanga tīwae, te tahi atu - o hautai. I roto i te mua kei te maha nui o chloroplasts atu i roto i te rua. Kōtai oko whakaratohia i roto i i tukua te wai kei te i te pakiaka ki te rau, ngā i.e. whakarunga me te kōkai sitopodobnyh o korere roto i kawea te wai te ki raro. Mechanical whārangi kiko taua whakarato rigidity me pūmautanga, ngā āhua.