Hia Russian rohe e hānga ana, a he aha e ratou mo?

Neke atu i te te rua tekau-rima nga tau mua, kua to matou whenua kua i roto i te rota o te arepurepuraa, i te pānga tika i runga i tona heke mai anō. Ko te tuatahi o ratou - ko te parariraa o te USSR, i uhinga scrapping te pūnaha katoa o whakahaere tūmatanui, aru e te hanganga o te whenua hou - te Russian Federation.

raruraru whakahaere

Kua tonu kua Russia te hanganga rohe nui, te whakahaere whai hua o nei he hakari etahi fifi. I tū te Russian Empire e tika ana ki te mana Ngātuere, o te kingi, nana nei i te mana i te taputapu o taero noa nga tukanga iti rawa, he mea ki e hono ana te weriweri o te whenua i roto i te wahi o te whakahou whakahaere rohe. Ko te wā tuatahi i roto i te kingitanga o Petra Velikogo, i wehea te whenua katoa ki nga kawanatanga ahu e te kawana, ka ko fakamatala ki kareti motuhake hoki nga upoko o nga rohe, na te kingi i ngana ana ki te tomo i te pūnaha toru-wā o te kāwanatanga. Heoi, ko ētahi o ngā wāhanga i runga i te rohe o te tahi mau whenua Pākehā e rite, na i ato'a whakaputaina reira te wehenga ki atu kawanatanga. I roto i te whānui, i te whakahou ki etahi whānuitanga kaunuku whakahaere, me te pokapū i te whai wāhi ki atu mana whakahaere ki runga i ngā rohe mamao. Heoi, i reira i tonu kahore he subordination mārama.

wheako o mua

Te faatitiaifaroraa i te āhuatanga, kei te whai i te Empress te whakahou hou. I roto i te 1775, whakaputaina he tikanga i runga i te wehenga o Russia i te kawanatanga 51 i, i roto i te tahuri, wehea ki takiwa. Arahina, rite i mua, ko ia te kawana, engari i hanga anō nui huringa. Ki te mana i haere ai te pou o Kawana-Tianara, e piri i raro i tona kupu e rave rahi ngā wāhi, te katoa atu i 1775 tae noa 1917 i i hanga reira 20 Kāwanatanga-General me te kōwae whakahaere-rohe motuhake - käwanatanga Caucasus. Ka rite ki a koutou e taea te kite, ko te tino rite ki te District Federal, ano i puta ke toutou te pūnaha. Kua mahi pera Catherine II te kāwanatanga i roto i te tikanga ki te whakapakari i te mātakitaki o mana ā-rohe ki te whakahaere i te mahi o nga kawana, me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga ka o amuamu o te iwi, me te riri. Ko e mo'oni, ko reira taea ki nui te whakapai ake i te tōtika o te taputapu whakahaere-uiui.

Ko te pūnaha Soviet o whakahaere

Ko te Revolution o 1917 kawea mai e pā ana ki ngā rerekētanga i roto i te whakahaere o te whenua. tuatahi i hoatu e te mua i te waho me ngā wāhi mamao nui mana. E muri arahina ia tae noa ki te hurihanga o te mana Soviet i roto i te tahi mau rohe. Ite tona hape, hohoro timata SNK ki te huri i tātai me te rautaki o te pūrere whakahaere. I roto i te hanganga o te USSR i whakapuakina nga parau tumu federalist o whakahaere o te kāwanatanga, engari i roto i te meka rangatira rōpū katoa te mana whakahaere, me te mea e utu tatou i te faaauraa ki te Russian Empire, riro te reira mārama e kore kua puta ke te faufaa. Na anake kua ketia te ingoa. Hei tauira, tomo koutou he rerekē ngā hekeretari rōpū taumata hei utu o nga kawana, me ētahi atu kaiwhakahaere rohe e tautoko i te ako rino i roto i to ratou mahi "whenua." Ko te tohu o te centralization i roto i te wā Soviet, kua tae te mutunga, ka ko nui ki runga ake i emepaea tona taumata.

Hia Russian rohe hānga?

Kua hoatu tata te tiango o te Soviet Union me te muri "parade o sovereignties" o te Russian Federation i te mimiha o mimiti. He maha ngā wāhanga o te kāwanatanga whakaurua tona ture, i i i te aroaro ki te hānga, mana o te rohe whakapaipai i tata te kore. I roto i tenei āhuatanga, kua whakaritea e Russian te peresideni V. V. Putin ki whakahauora i te whakahaere ā-rohe ki te kaupapa mārama, me te mārō o te subordination. aru e te ture peresideniraa "I rohe hānga" i roto i te Haratua 2000. Kua hanga 7 anake wae. Ko te e hia i roto i rohe e hānga ana Russian i te tuatahi. Ko te rohe i unu e faaauraa ki te wehenga o tari o te Kaiwhiu General. haamata te reira ki te hanga i te pūnaha toru-taumata tohanga mārama o te mana whakahaere. kua puta ke Tau o ngā rohe e hānga ana i roto i Russia neke atu i te kotahi, kua reira kua e pā ana ki ngā kaupapa tōrangapū, me te haratau matawhenua. Ko te anga ture o enei huringa kanohi te whānui o ture e hānga ana ngā. Wāhui ki te pou o te karere peresideniraa ki te District Federal hua te upoko o te kāwanatanga.

Ko te take tōrangapū mo nga huringa me te anga ture

A e hia i roto i rohe e hānga ana Russian i te kau, hoatu te huringa tata (i roto i ngā i te District Southern Federal kua tohaina te District Federal Te Tai Tokerau-Caucasian)? I roto i te Maehe 2014 i roto i te hononga ki te whanaketanga tōrangapū i roto i Ukraine me te tāpaetanga i roto i te Crimea i hanga e e tetahi atu rohe e hānga ana -Krymsky District. Ko te kupu, e nehenehe tatou e te mea e, te vai e tika 9 rohe e hānga ana, whakautu ki te pātai e pā ana ki te nui rohe e hānga ana a Russia. Te hanga i te pūnaha taua o te kāwanatanga i whakakaha te mana o te kāwanatanga hānga ana ki runga ki nga rohe, i waho tä te mau parau tumu o te Kotahitanga hangarite, te Russian Federation he kahore ara i raro i te Ture. i kawea mai turanga Ture o ngā kaupapa o Russia ki ngā hanganga ture katoa ki te ture e hānga ana. Federal District o Russia i mahere te whenua o tohua ki te tae rerekē, kia hohoro taea te feruri e koe i roto i te wahi e ngā he mataeinaa, a nei i ngā rohe i roto i tenei kōwae whakahaere.

pikitia Final o te kōwae whakahaere-rohe o te Russian Federation

Kua mahi kē matou ki te maha o DOF me inaianei matau, he aha e hānga ana takiwa i roto i Russia tīari. Na e te pehea titiro te reira:

• Central Federal District (Moscow).
• Te Tai Tokerau-Te Hau-ā-uru Federal District (St Petersburg).
• Southern Federal District (Rostov-i runga i-Don).
• Te Tai Tokerau-Caucasian Federal District (Pyatigorsk).
• Tawhiti Eastern Federal District (Khabarovsk).
• Siberian Federal District (Novosibirsk).
• Ural FD (Ekaterinburg).
• Täingäwai Federal District (Nizhny Novgorod).
• Crimean FD (Simferopol).

E ngohengohe ana ki te māngai haamanahia o katoa o enei wae te upoko o te kāwanatanga, i, i roto i te tahuri, he tika kaimahi ki te peresideni o Russia. Ana ngā wāhanga o te tohungatanga ngā hi'opo'araa me mana mahi, hoki i hanga te kōwae, arā, i roto i rohe rerekē o rerekē te maha o ngā tari. I reira, ka taea e tatou te mea e te rohe e hānga ana o Russia (te hanganga o enei wae) hāngai ki te hiahia i kīia o te kāwanatanga.