Kai te muka: takenga me ngā āhuatanga

, лен и прочие) являются основным сырьем для отечественной текстильной промышленности. muka Natural (miro, harakeke, me ētahi atu) ko te tuatahi rauemi raw mo te ahumahi pueru motu. E hanga ana ratou o ngā hua tūturu.

Origin o muka māori

Raw, ano, i takea mai i te whānuitanga o ngā hua. Tei runga i te muka kounga rerekē rauemi, ahua, te tahi atu āhuatanga. I roto i tenei take, i reira he he kāwai whakamahia tino nuitia rauemi raw. . I roto i te ahumahi pueru i te wahi tuatahi mo te tono he muka huawhenua tūturu. Ratou āhuatanga whakawhirinaki i runga i te āhuatanga o te kai e whakamahia ana mō te hanga o ngā rauemi mata. I tua atu, i te whakamahi o muka tūturu o mai i te kararehe. Ko ētahi o ēnei, mo te tauira, huruhuru, hiraka.

Ko te āhuatanga o muka māori

Ka rite ki kī i runga ake, whakawhirinaki āhuatanga rauemi raw i runga i nga āhuatanga o ngā hua e whiwhi i ai reira. He muka miro te tino noa. E whakaputaina ratou i te ahurea rawa tupu. tupu Cotton te i roto i neke atu i te 50 whenua. Ko reira he tikanga o thermophilic wā roa-. rite te rakau, ko tona roa e o tetahi mita atu ranei titiro Plant. Ia tau i muri i tupu i roto i te ahurea o hua e hanga e. E te aroaro ratou i roto i te puka o capsules ki purapura. Ratou rakau 7 ki te 15 mano. Makawe. Ko ratou muka miro. Ko te roa o te makawe i roto i te whānuitanga 12-60 mm. Ko te roa ko ratou, te pai te miro, me te papanga. O muka māori whakaputaina papanga, i te mea ngāwari ki te tae, me te tahi atu tukatuka. Ko te tikanga, kua he ma parauri ranei te feedstock tīmata. Na, i te wa nei tikanga ahurea tukua ki te whiwhi muka tūturu tae.

bast rauemi raw

получают из стеблей и листьев разных культур. muka Natural whiwhi i horahorangia me rau o ngā ahurea rerekē. Ko ētahi o ēnei, mo te tauira, ngā hipora, muka, Ongaonga, me ētahi atu. . E whakaaro ana te rinena tino kikokore, ngāwari, me te ngohengohe muka māori. O enei, kei te tuatahi hanga te miro. Mai i reira muri hua kiko roa, me te ngohengohe. Ko o te maha ngā momo harakeke. Ko te roa o te muka, tei runga i te wahi tiketike o te kakau. Ko te tino nuinga i roto i te tikanga ahumahi, whakaaro harakeke. дает лен-кудряш. kakau Ko tōna taea tae te teitei o 0.8-1 m. Low-kounga muka māori homai harakeke.

Ko te tukanga o te whiwhi rauemi raw

harakeke maoa papapa e unuhia atu i te pakiaka. He mea tika ki te tiaki i te roa o te muka. huaina ana tēnei tukanga ko "tereblenie". I mua, i kawea ai i roto i ā. I tēnei wā, e mahi pūtukatuka motuhake i roto i te mara. I te tuku kawea lnomolotilkah kakau i te purapura. haurangi te kakau witi hua i roto i harotoroto motuhake ranei te tahi atu tinana o te wai. Wāhanga o te kakau o te bast harakeke. Kei raro i te kiri. I roto i te puka o tuhonohono angiangi kei reira muka. Ratou wehenga i te hua kakau i roto i ngā tipu motuhake. I nga umanga whakamahi hangarau motuhake wehe muka i te uho me te tukatuka muri. Haurangi i horahorangia maroke. Na ka haehaea ratou, ka kopere i te hau. Muri tarautete muka tūturu, no te mea he marama kōwhai ratou, haere i roto i te maitai, tae.

atu ahurea

Muka atu tipu taratara, me te uaua. и похож на льняное по многим признакам. Kei te nuinga whakamahia ratou i roto i te hanga o taura, koaka, hipora, taura, etc. Hei tauira, te muka Hemp -. rauemi Natural me he rite ki te linseed i roto i ngā huarahi maha. Heoi, e kore te mea te reira rite ngohengohe. I roto i tenei whakaaro, kei te tikanga whakamahia ai i roto i te hanga o te kānawehi, taratara, wuru, taura. получают не только из стеблей. rite Bast muka taiao e kore anake i ngā tātā. Ka rite ki te rauemi raw, hei tauira, ka taea e mahi me te rau.

hiraka

Muka whakamahia hoki tona production, whiwhi nei i nga cocoons o to'e. E hanga e ratou i te tetahi he wā o te whanaketanga o te anuhe. whatua e ratou anga raukatauri ko te āhua ovoid elongated. Kei a ia ko muka pai, e e tu'ati i te 40-50 papa. i hanga te miro te e whai ake. I runga i te matenga tika i raro i te ara mangai kei rua rua. O ratou ko te wai matotoru, e solidifies i te rangi. kawea Ko tōna hanganga i roto tonu. Ko te hua ko te miro 2, e kua Katahi sericin. Ko te taonga motuhake, e te tukua hoki ara tenei. Ka rite ki te hua, hanga reira kotahi miro, i te mea ki te whatua e te kōwenewene.

ahumahi

Tei raukatauri tae i runga i te momo o te purehurehu. He whero-kōwhai, ma, kowhai ratou. Whakatau, me te tahi atu momo o to'e e nga kaiwhatu o māwhero, matomato, cocoons puru. kia, Heoi, kia mea te reira e kore he kainga i te tae tūturu o te miro. I tua atu, muri kia te muka tae haafifi tukanga tae. I mua i te whakamahi anō cocoons tarautete i roto i te ahumahi.

E tukinotia ki te whiwhi muka kounga teitei cocoons ki steam hau wera ranei. Raapoi e te hunga i roto ia ratou, hoatu ki te mate, a ki te ārai i whāwehe, kua maroke ratou. Ki te kore te tenei mahi, riro te pepeke he pūrerehua, me te ka tīmata ki te tiki i roto o te kōwenewene. Fakatatau ki ai, ka waiho i raro i te reira ki pakaru aunoa, e tōraro pānga te kounga o te miro. I mua i te tīmata koe awhiowhio i te muka, cocoons e whakanohoia i roto i wai ki tonu i te wai wera. I reira peratia ratou ki rongoā korohū, me te kawakore. He mea tika ki fakamolū te sericin. Kotahi raukatauri hua e pā ana ki 400-1200 mita o miro. Heoi, ko reira rawa kikokore. Na reira e piri nga muka o i 3 ki te 30 cocoons ki tetahi.

huruhuru

He aha ētahi atu muka māori whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi? Animals hoatu ahumahi me te huruhuru. tukatuka reira hoki te ki te whakaputa i muka. He ngā 'ulungaanga me āhuatanga huruhuru. e kitea i roto i nga muka o te rerekē momo o kararehe rerekētanga. Hei tauira, o te huruhuru o te uara nui ko te kotahi whiwhi ki te hipi pai-huruhuru me te pai āhua. I roto i kosi nekehia atu tumuaki hanganga mārō. e kore ko te taua i roto i ngā o te kounga huruhuru. Kua whakaritea te muka tino faufaa i runga i nga matatahi hoki, puku, pokohiwi. I runga i nga waewae me te hoki o te makaka makawe. Heoi, whakaaro te tino tino te ki kia-kounga tiketike, me te fluff. He ngāwari, rapa, me te kikokore ona muka. Ko te nuinga o ti'aturi i runga i te wa kutikuti kounga huruhuru. E riro weu ngawari i roto i te puna. I roto i a ratou i reira ko te nui nui o te fluff. I roto i te ngahuru ko reira kore tata reira i roto i te koti. Ko te kupu, e kaki taua muka. Heoi, ngahuru huruhuru puna rangatira pai. I roto i te muka he taiea:

1. Arista - te muka matotoru.
2. makawe molengofuá. E ai ki ona āhuatanga, noho reira he tūranga takawaenga i waenganui i te tuaiwi me ki raro.
3. "Dead" Hair. Kei te aroaro o te reira i roto i te puka o muka pakeke, me te iti-kaha.

Āhuatanga tukatuka

ka whakawhirinaki āhuatanga miro i runga i te kounga o te muka, i kua whakamahia ki te whiwhi i te reira. Kua hanga nga momo pai i fluff. whakaritea te kounga o te muka kei te kore anake e ratou mauroa, whenu, tuhono, engari ano hoki te roa. Ia, i roto i te tahuri, ka whakawhirinaki i runga i te momo o te hipi. Ka taea e koti e ki runga ki te 180-200 mm. Ko te kaupapa ki te tukatuka tuatahi tonu rauemi Raw. Ko tā te reira kōmaka, horoi o otaota (kapia nei whenua, baradane me pera i runga i.). Next, te otreplenie, whakakaewa. I muri i taua, horoia te huruhuru kei te ka maroke. mahi kōmaka e te ringa. whakatakotoria huruhuru i runga i nga papa motuhake. Here te wehea reira ki nga wahi. I roto i te runga ki etahi paerewa o huruhuru kounga i roto i te rōpū kua tīpakohia. whakamana te Makere te ki te tua o pūhui teretere motuhake. He mea tika ki te tango matūriki ngako.

rauemi raw matū

Ki te whanaketanga o te hangarau ka taea ki te whakaputa i horihori me muka waihanga. Ka rite ki nga take matua mō te whakamahi i te matū i roto i te faaineineraa o te rauemi raw i huaina ko te tono tiketike mō ngā papanga. e kore e taea e rauemi māori rauemi e wātea ana te whakatau i nga hiahia o te taupori. kawea faaineineraa o rauemi horihori te i roto i te whakamahi i waerau tūturu. Ko ētahi o ēnei, i roto i ngā, ngā miro, rakau, me te tahi atu cellulose, pūmua waiu, me ētahi atu nei ki raro ēnei matū ki te maimoatanga matū ki waikawa hauota, te waikawa pungatara, waikawameha ahetiki, hauwaiwaro, konutai waihā me te pera i runga i. Ko te hua ko te viscose nitroshelk, tāpia, cuprammonium hiraka.

waihanga rauemi raw

E hua ratou i roto i te tukatuka o ngā hua rerekē. I roto ia ratou: te hinu, me te waro, me te puku te kapuni, ngā toenga ahuwhenua, me penupenu me te hanga pepa. Mai i te tiketike matū taimaha rāpoi tawhiti teriuma. mahi ratou rite tīmata rauemi mō te whakaputa rauemi waihanga. Treatment me te tukatuka o resins hanga o te motuhake, hangarau kaua uaua. I roto i te muka waihanga, te nairona tino whānui whakamahia, pareaku, nairona, Milan, polyvinyl pūhaumāota, me ētahi atu. Matū rauemi raw i roto i mua ki te hoatu i te etahi āhuatanga kounga. I roto i ngā, ko reira roa, ātete ki te houku, peita, me te pera atu.

He kai whakauru

Ko te muka matū, me te taiao, e kua whakahuatia i runga ake, he rauemi ōrite. Na, kei te hoko i tenei ra ranunga piki haere o ngā rauemi mata. Ko te kupu whakataki o te hangarau hou i roto i te ahumahi pueru whakarato whai wāhitanga fe'unga mo te Whārangi nui o miro. kia konatunatua muka Natural e rua ki ia atu, me te ki ngā rauemi horihori me te waihanga. Hei tauira, te nairona ngā me te rinena, nairona me te huruhuru. Hoki āhua-hiraka me papanga huruhuru whakakotahitanga kore ko te ranunga anake o muka. Tino tono hangarau raranga hou. I roto i ngā, ina hanga e koe he whenu miro papanga ko reira tetahi o nga muka, me te pārera - atu.

mutunga

Ko te ahumahi pueru ko tetahi o te nui rawa rāngai ahumahi. Hoki te hanga o ngā rauemi mata hoko hua te kounga ki te whakamahi. Me ū te reira ki paerewa kāwanatanga, i raro ki te tukatuka tino. He nui hoki te muka o tetahi take, tae atu ki matū tenei. E tano ia tapao e te whakauru tonu hangarau production matatau i roto i te ahumahi. Tenei, i roto i te tahuri, titau te supply o ngā rauemi mata hou.