Kei hea ko te mara a te wahine? History me ngā meka

totoro Famous Moscow Maiden mara i roto i te Unuhia roa, conventionally timata i Garden mowhiti, me te mutu i Novodevichy Convent. Ka taea te whakaaro te rohe i roto i te Te Tai Rāwhiti Minor Pirogovskaya te hauauru - Pogodinskaya ara. Kotiro i runga i te tuaka o te parae, ko te nui Pirogovskaya. i huaina enei ara tae noa ki 1924, aua, te Big ko Iti Tsaritsyno. wahi tenei kua he kuini iari Evdokia Lopukhina - wahine o Pita I. kingi

mara Ingoa kotiro. Kei hea te reira?

He tokomaha e whakapono e au te wāhi tona ingoa ki tata te Novodevichy Convent, i titiro atu te tino Princess Sophia i te rau tau XVII. Hoatu mua atu whakapae, i nei whai reira e hanga e mua te mara a wahine. Moscow i whiriwhiria i te rā mua enei wahi mo hīkoi. Na reira haere te ritenga - ka te ohu tona ingoa i te wāhi e tata ana.

Ko tētahi putanga o te take mai o te ingoa parae E ko ta e i te wa o nga tangata Tatar-Mongol o whakataunga rohe kawea konei nga kotiro tino ataahua i roto i te utu o te takoha ka tonoa ratou e ki te Golden Horde. Ko atu ahuareka te putanga tuarua. mai te ingoa mara i te meka e i roto i nga wa onamata reira nga wahi kai, kau te faaamuraa i kotiro tangata ra i konei, a ka i roto i te whakanui ahiahi whakaritea, kanikani porohita, waiata, whakaritea kēmu rerekē.

A tuu i taiopenga tūmatanui

I roto i te aamu o Moscow Maiden mara e mohiotia pai mo ona whakanui tūmatanui whānui me te hui. I te tīmatanga, whakaritea nga hararei i anake Siasí, te nuinga ko te ra o te karauna o te icon o to tatou Lady o Smolensk. Ko whakahonore ano ka i hakeaki'i ki te Novodevichy Convent. I muri i runga i te mara a te wahine oho Podnovinskie kātoanga, na aroha i te kāinga. E mea pinepine whakamana konei kaihaka te āheinga ke rongonui nei haere puta noa i Russia. Ko te tino rongonui ki te jugglers tūmatanui Zheni Latur me Pinetti. Kua tohaina taonga Russian ara moni, i hanga konei he whare tapere rakau. I roto i te reira no te haere ana tutua whakaritea i mahi noa. Kia aroha mai, Whakakahoretia ana te whare tapere i runga i te wā. I roto i te 1771 mutu ia ki te whakahaere, no te mea o te whiu, a muri kihai i whai i te mana ki te tohatoha i te moni mo tona oranga.

Ko te koroneihana o Nicholas ahau

Heoi, kihai i nga whakanui i runga i te mara mutu. Kei te hoatu ngā aro ki te kore whakairo ki ngā i tangohia e wahi konei i roto i te 1826. I whakatapua te whakanui ki Tsar Nicholas I. hoki te koroneihana o te whānau Emperor me rangatira i whare porohita te mara a te wahine i hanga a tawhio noa te reira i stylishly whakapaipai taiwhanga. i karangatia matou ki te whakanui me te tutua. Hoki ratou, i roto i tētahi wāhi tuwhera hipoki ko te tikanga ekenga kia rerekē: momo katoa o pōhā, pia, te honi, hua, he paowa ham, kai Rotongaio me te nui noa atu. Tata i hoatu ai puna o te waina (2 nui, me te 16 iti), tika i te nozzles akina ki te waina ma, me te whero. i rite ki te riro manuhiri mara a wahine. i whānui whakapuakina Hararei, me te wahi ka haere mai tetahi mano nui o marū mauiui mai. A, no te whakatangihia te tohu ki te timatanga o te kai, te whakaekenga a te tino rerenga ki nga puna, nga tepu te iwi. Ko te mano kahakina atu mea katoa i roto i tona ara, a ka ko tenei ahakoa te meka i i homai e ia he tikanga ki te mahi i runga i nga tohu. Rima meneti i muri mai, ko e taea ki te kitea i te wāhi nui hauhake. Ko roto i ururua te mano tahuri katoa: papa, I whatiia tūru, edibles i roto i te mea o hēkona kahakina atu, whakangaromia te taiwhanga. Tenei, E tatou te hararei.

I muri i tenei hui nui, i tutakina nga hakari whakangahau katoa i roto i te rohe. Whakamana i konei rārangi hōia anake, me mahi o hoia. Anake i roto i te 1864 i runga i te mara a te wahine toe hoko Podnovinskie kātoanga, ka anga muri ki te pupuri me te whakanui whanui o Carnival me Aranga.

none Novodevichy

Te riroraa i runga i te mara a te wahine, kotahi ite te tata o te Novodevichy Convent. arata'i Prechistenka ki reira, i te ara, te ingoa ko reira ïa te mea o te meka i arahina te ara ki te Novodevichy Monastery, te wahi i he Ahera - he icon o te whakapaingia wahine. Runga ake nga taiepa ohu tiketike pourewa pere Aratiatia. I roto i te maha whare Monastic kitea i te mara E ko ko Smolensky Cathedral, i hanga i roto i te mahara o te whakaoranga o te pa Smolensk i 1525.

Kua i te ra tuatahi o tona oraraa i mohiotia Novodevichy Convent ōhanga feudal momona. I roto i te rau tau XVII no te ohu ki te huinga o te whenua Russian, i whakaaro ia he kaipupuri whenua nui. He nga Nuns Princess Sophia, I. F. Godunova, E. F. Lopuhina. E whakamārama ana tēnei i te moni motuhake i roto i te ohu i te mana, me te tautoko pai rauemi.

I roto i te rau tau XV i te taha ki te hauauru o te wahine o te parae ki runga ki te awa Moscow totoro pūhui Rostov episekopo karapotia e tona waho iti o kaimahi i te wahi i teie nei i roto i Rostov motokā. Tenei rohe i te wa tuku ki konei rite whakataunga Dorogomilovo.

hītori haumanu o te pa

Kua puta ke te hōputu tona mara E ko i te mutunga o XIX rautau. I hono reira tata ki te manga hauora o Moscow State University. nui haere te tokomaha o ngā ākonga, i roto i nga akomanga o ngā pūtahi mātauranga i runga i Rozhdestvenka me Moss kihai i whai nohoanga nui. I roto i te 1884, ua faaoti te kāwanatanga pa Moscow ki te whakawhiti takoha te whare wānanga te whenua i runga i Field whakaaetia whare wānanga ngā whare hauora me haumanu o te wahine. wāhi Motuhake ngā ko 18 heketea. Ahakoa mua, i roto i 1882, aroaro Morozova wahine a te kaihokohoko te whare wānanga 6 eka o te whenua tata. ka haere mai te mea homai i roto i te pepa. Nga moni Morozova ko Paskhalov whakaturia nga whare tuatahi o nga tari hinengaro, me te obstetric.

Ko te kupu ka timata te hanga o te pa Haumanu. Ko te initiator o tona hanganga i reira taote rongonui - NV Sklifosovsky i 1880-1891 tau - he orometua whare wānanga. hangaia e ia he matatini o te wānanga haumanu Konstantin Bykovsky.

haere mai ripa Official i roto i 1887 i muri i whakaaetia Alexander III te pūtea kaupapa me tā moko.

Whakamutunga o te hanga

ki tonu te mara a wahine, e haapapu te tauine o te rohe whakaahua i ki whakaurunga hauora. tupu pa Haumanu. pūtea te reira i te hanga o te kāwanatanga, engari ano hoki te whakatangihanga a te mau ô pakihi he tūranga nui i roto i te hanga o haumanu, me te hinonga.

I roto i te 1897, i oti te hanga. Ka rite ki te hua o te Moscow State University i hanga 12 hōhipera, teihana 1 waka tūroro me 8 pūtahi. Mai reira, kei te tata hono tona hītori E ko mara ki te whanaketanga o te rongoā i roto i Russia, a muri te Soviet Union.

Ko hakari tūmatanui, roa ratou i te torutoru noa nga tau i konei i muri i te whakatuwheratanga o te pa Haumanu. Otiia i roto i te tau 1911 i whakawhiti ratou ki te wai hou. haruru hanga tōraro pānga te hauora o tūroro me ngā kaimahi i te tono o te haumanu kua whakaritea e te Kāwanatanga ki te hiki. I roto i te 1930, ka puta ke te Medical Faculty ki te tuatahi Medical Institute, e riro i muri mai i te taitara o Sechenov.

Mohoa noa nei, whakaaro Field a wahine te ki hei te wahi matua te wahi te arotahi ārahi haumanu hauora i roto i Moscow kore anake, engari puta noa i Russia.

haumanu

E whare hauora i runga i te mara a te wahine i hanga?

I oti te reira i roto i 1890:

• therapy whare hauora tākuta Zakharyin;
• hāparapara Sklifosovsky;
• Haumanu mate io;
• Filatov tamariki a Hospital;
• Institute o General pathological Anatomy Klein;
• Haamau i hoki māuiuitanga whānui, Pūtaiao, akuaku.

I roto i 1892, te whare hauora hōhipera:

• Ostroumova therapy;
• pokanga;
• propedeutics mate ā-;
• mate kanohi.

I roto i te 1895 whakatuwheratia e ia he taiwhanga haumanu whānui o te taringa, te ihu, me te korokoro.

Na te Big Pirogovskaya titiro facades manga o haumanu hāparapara, me te hauora. ahu e ia te tari o therapy, te ara rongonui. I roto i tona whare hauora ki te toto pūkahukahu takoto A. P. Chehov.

Ko te whare tino ataahua o te pa Haumanu - whānui hauora tūroro haumanu, i hanga e te kaihoahoa Zaleski me whakatuwheratia i roto i te 1896. Na kei te whare ko MMA o Rector. I mua i te whare, ko te tohu ki a Sechenov - te kaiwhakarewa o te kura o Pātukitukinga, i hangaia i te reira i roto i 1958 Kerbel.

I roto i te tonga o te whare e rua i roto i te kāhua neoclassical - anatomopathological Institute me hauora o mate kiri. Muri i roto i te tau 1960 ko te tohu ki a Abrikosov kaitiaki toi.

Mikhail Bulgakov

Kei te pera tata hono te hītori konei ki rongoa, na ka tahuri te reira i roto i - ara te kaituhi Mikhail Bulgakov, e noho ki konei i te tau 1927, kia rite ki tona tikanga i te tākuta. Kua tonu kua tuwhera ki manuhiri tona whare i roto i te mara o te wahine. I ngā manuhiri auau reira Ilf ko Petrov, Olesha, toi Arts Theatre Yashin, hēoi,. I roto i te tau 30 Bulgakov tika tīmata ona mahi i te Theatre Art. i ora ai Mikhail Bulgakov konei ki tana aroha wahine Beloselsky-Belozersky. Na i roto i tona tamarikitanga, me te pūrākau rongonui "Ariki ko Margarita", te ingoa taketake o nei i "Kaitohutohu ki te matimati." mahi ia rite te ariki, me te tākaro "Te Cabal o te hunga tinihanga" me te kōrero "Moliere."

tapawha

ara arrow Big Pirogov, a ka arahi Elan ki Square Maiden mara. Ko tenei anake te wahi o te whenua ko kihai i he mara koraha i hanga kotahi ake. Ko tenei te wahi i te hunga whakanui hakari fakasiokālafi te nuinga e kua whakatuwheratia konei mai te tau 1864. Ka rite ki whakahuatia matou, i muri i te hanganga o te pa Haumanu o hakari i te tono o te manga hauora i oho ki te puta ngaa i roto i 1911. tapawha taua Local, tapawhā, faaoti boulevards ki te tahuri i roto i te papa nui, noho nei i roto i roto i 1912-1913.

toro Green, hāneanea Square kua hanga e inaianei tapatoru i nui Pirogovskaya, Yelanskaya ara e tomo Plyushchikha me haere Devichye mara. Tatae matomato, pai-tonu ara, he puna, taumanu - he ao o te rangimarie, kahore e te tahi mau taime noa e whakapono e te maha rawa o ngangau Garden Ring. I te kokonga o te tapawha whakatakotoria te Filatov tohu - te tākuta tamariki e arahina te whare hauora pediatric tata.

te hiero Michael

Kei a tawhio noa haumanu obstetrics me Gynecology Michael temepara e i haumanu i Devichye mara. I hanga te reira i raro i te kaupapa Nikiforov, Meissner i te wāhanga matua o te pa Haumanu. Tenei peara e kopare nei i te matatini hōhipera, homai ana e ia he kakato me te tapatahi.

I roto i te 1894 whakaaetia Alexander III nga kaihoahoa kaupapa, a tonu whakatakotoria kawea te temepara i roto. nohoia e te rohe i te tūranga tino i roto i te pa Haumanu. Ko reira konei me te tikanga fakataipe i roto i te take obstetric kohungahunga whanau. I roto i te hahi ano, a ratou e maha iriiri. Ko e rua tinana, me te ora i te pae varua wā kotahi tamarikitanga.

hohoro Construction haere, a i roto i 1897 Michael hahi i runga i te mara a te wahine i whakatapua. Tona whakatohungatanga tohua te otinga ki tonu o te hanga o te pa Haumanu, ko reira te mahi whakakarauna o katoa nana nei i hanga matatini hauora. ki tonu te hiero Michael ora o te pa he varua motuhake, me te tikanga. Pāriha reira nga taote, ngā ākonga me te tūroro, me noho te rohe e tata ana te whare.

wā Hard. whakaora

I roto i te tau 1922, i roto i te tau fifi mo te takafí temepara Russian i te mara a te wahine panaia e te mua. I murua e te taonga, ka whakaaturia "taonga o te iwi." I te 1931 ka katia te hahi, te kikorangi whakangaromia, tenei katoa ahakoa nga amuamu papatipu o noho rohe. Ko te whare o te temepara, kultprosvetchitalnyu tuatahi whakaritea, omaoma ka konei rite rawa, na he rongoā, wāhi tari, whare putunga. I roto i te 1977, i tata whakangaromia te hahi rawa ki te hanga ara mo te hanganga o te supply kai. nga tautooraa maere o te iwi whānui anake i āwhina ki te aukati i te NANAKIA. Hoki nga tau maha i kau te temepara te hautoa. Anake i roto i te tīmatanga o nga 1990, i te pae hopea i hoatu te whare whakapono. Ko te toenga o te whare mo te wa roa ki te whakahoki, faaho'ihia mai. I roto i te 2002, anō hahi a Michael ona tatau ki whakapono, ano whakatangi i reira i te inoi, hoki ataahua kua pahemo me te kororia.

Te mara a te wahine o. Kolomna

Te kōrero e pā ana ki Field te Moscow wahine a, e kore e ki te whakahua i te ara Pāoa i Kolomna. Ia, rawa, he ona ake hītori ngā, ahakoa he waia ki reira e kore e maha te iwi i tenei ra. Teie mahana o te wahine a Field (Kolomna) - he wāhi pa huarahi noa Kolycheva i reira kapi ake i roto i te raupapa o whare rōpū. Tangata ratou whakauaua ite oaoa e pā ana te meka e ora ratou rite i roto i te wahi, i huaina nei ko te tohu o te whakakotahitanga o Russia. Here huihuia Dmitry Donskoy ono rangatira nei i i whawhai ki tetahi ki tetahi. Ko tenei te wahi i ngā ia ratou ki tetahi ope Russian nui, i he hinga kore i roto i te pakanga nui o Kulikovo. haere te Rostov ki te whawhai, Pskov, Suzdal, a hoki ana - Russian. Heoi i reira ko kotahitanga motu.

Ko tino motuhake, a muri toutou hanga konei titiro ope hōia te whenua.

Na te rohe ko te ngohi Kolychevo noho ia nga tohu paerewa katoa. taupū kotiro mara i roto i Kolomna - 140 404, te roa o te huarahi - 1.3 km, ratonga Wilkes i №7, wāhi tāone Kolychevo. I runga i te huarahi e rite whare, me hinonga hokohoko, te whakatutuki i tūmatanui, me te hauora.