Ko te ao organic o te Indian Ocean. ako Indian Ocean

Ko te pūtake momona o te kanorau o te ora - ko reira te moana. Tetahi o te rima ngā i runga i to tatou moana ao ko te puna tino o te ao waro. A, ki te mohiotia kararehe whenua ki pūtaiao nga wahi hohonu katoa o te tahi mau noho tonu noho Rakatuwhenua, i totoa piri i roto i te hohonu o te moana.

Reira whakapakari tika ratou moni ki āu, oceanographers me ētahi atu pūtaiao. Ko te ako o te moana, i ona āhuatanga tinana, me te whakamutu ki te momo o te ora i roto i reira, kei roto i te papamua tenei ra. A feruri i te ao organic o te Indian Ocean rite tetahi o te momona i runga i ngā pūnaha ora.

Ngā āhuatanga o te Indian Ocean

I roto i te tahi atu Indian Ocean ko te tuatoru o te rohe e nohoia ana te wai (i muri i te Atlantic ko Kiwa). Ka taea te āhuatanga āhuatanga Ocean Indian e rave rahi ngā matua:

1. Ocean Territory - e pā ana ki 77 miriona km ^{2 ..}
2. Ko te tino kanorau Indian Ocean ao organic.
3. Ko te rōrahi o te wai -. 283,5 miriona M ^3.
4. Ko te whanui o te moana e pā ana ki 10 Whārangi. Km ^2.
5. Hake taha katoa o Eurasia ao, Africa, Ahitereiria me Antarctica.
6. Whanga (nga wahi kuiti) me te moana noho 15% o te rohe katoa o te moana.
7. Ko te motu nui rawa - Madagascar.
8. Te hohonu rahi tata te motu o Java i Indonesia - neke atu i te 7 km.
9. Toharite katoa pāmahana wai - 15-18 ⁰ C. I roto i ia wāhi i te moana (e tata ana te rohe ki te motu i roto i te moana, me whanga), ka taea e te pāmahana rerekē tino.

ako Indian Ocean

Kia mohiotia hoki tenei tinana o te wai kua reira mai nga wa onamata. I te hono ia he hono faufaa i roto i te hokohoko kakara, papanga, nga wuuru, me ētahi atu taonga i waenganui i nga iwi o Pahia, i Ihipa, me Africa.

Heoi, ka anga nui i muri i te ako o te Indian Ocean, i roto i nga ra o te kaiwhakatere Portuguese rongonui Vasco da Gama (waenganui rautau XV). E te kiia e ia ki te kitea o India, i roto i tona honore, a ka huaina te moana katoa.

I mua Vasco da Gama, i ia maha ingoa rerekē i roto i nga iwi o te ao: Moana Eritrean, Moana Black, Indikon Pelagos, Bar-El-Hindi. Heoi, i roto i te rau tau e ahau i huaina Pliniy Starshy ia Oceanus Indikus e i Latin whakamāoritanga rite "Indian Ocean".

Ētahi atu huarahi hou, me te pūtaiao ki te ako o te hanganga o te raro, te hanganga o te wai, ka timata kararehe me te whakato tangata ki te kia kawea i roto i anake i te rau tau XIX. I teie mahana, te kararehe o te Indian Ocean he o te pānga nui mahi, me te pūtaiao, me te te moana iho. He mātātoa te Scientists i Russia, Amerika, Germany me ētahi atu whenua whai wāhi i roto i tenei take, te whakamahi i te taputapu tino matatau (whakaaro raro, āmiorangi).

pikitia organic ao

Ko te tino kanorau Indian Ocean ao organic. I roto i te me te ao kararehe i reira he momo e he tino motuhake me te onge.

Ko tōna kanorau o te moana koiora rite e i roto i te Pacific Ocean (atu ïa, i roto i te wahi te uru). Ko e tika ana ki te undercurrents noa i waenganui i nga moana e rua tenei.

I roto i te whānui, e taea te whakarōpū katoa o te ao waro o wai rohe ki e rua ngā rōpū rite ki Habitat:

1. Tropical Moana Indian.
2. wahi Antarctic.

Hoki ia o ratou āhuatanga e ona ake tikanga makariri, ngā, āhuatanga abiotic. Na reira, he momo o rerekē hanganga organic.

Ko te kanorau o te ora i roto i te moana

Ko fonu ki te momo o planktonic me nöhanga momo o te kararehe, me ngā otaota i te rohe pārūrū o te tinana te wai. E whakaaro pükohu Common rite trihodesmium rauropi pūtau. Ratou kukū i roto i te papa o runga o te moana, ko te kia tiketike e huri i te tae whānui o te wai.

i roto i tenei mara ano hoki māngai te ao organic o te Indian Ocean e nga momo e whai ake nei o te pükohu:

• rimurimu Sargassum;
• turbinarii;
• Caulerpa;
• fitotamnii;
• halimedy;
• mānawa.

O te kararehe iti tino whānui ataahua māngai te amipere köurarangi po: Physalia, siphonophores, heru tiēre, tunicates, peridenei, kakaru.

kanohi rohe Antarctic o te Indian Ocean e Fucus, Laminaria, whero, galidiumom, makrotsistis nui. He māngai o te kingitanga kararehe (tāheke) ora konei kopipody, evfuazidy, diatomsi.

ika rerehua

He onge ranei rerekē noa i roto i te ahua Indian Ocean kararehe. Ko te kupu, i roto i te ika tino noa, me te maha kitea mango, hihi, tawatawa, Dorado, tuna, rockcod.

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te ichthyofauna rerekē, kia tuhia te reira, pērā i:

• ika wheo;
• kākā ika;
• mango ma;
• te mako tohorā.

uara arumoni i roto i te ika he tuna, tawatawa, Dorado me rockcod.

Ko te momo o te kararehe

Ko te kararehe o te Indian Ocean he māngai o te whai ake ngā momo, akomanga, hapu:

1. Fish.
2. Reptiles (nakahi kukupa moana me te Rapa).
3. Mammals (ngā parāoa, kekeno, tohora puru, tohorā sei, kekeno arewhana, aihe, he more tohorā).
4. Mātaitai (wheke nui, wheke, ngata).
5. Kāri (calcareous me puka silicon);
6. Echinoderms (ataahua moana, kūkamo moana, kina moana, he pakarukaru).
7. Waimāori (pāpaka, pāpaka, kōura).
8. Hydroids (polyps).
9. O rerekē momo o.
10. Rupi (toka takutai hanga).

Animals pērā i nehenehe moana i te tae rawa kanapa, ora i runga i te raro, me te whai i te āhua hexagonal ki te hangarite toropā o te tinana. Ngā mihi ki a ratou, titiro kanapa me te picturesque te papa moana.

wheke Giant - wheke nui, te roa o e toro kawekawe tinana 1.2m te kupu te tikanga e kore e neke atu i te 30 cm i roto i te roa ..

Lime me te takawai kāri tākaro he wāhi nui i roto i te hanganga o te papa moana Indian. I runga i te par ki momo pükohu nöhanga, i whai ahua ai ratou he putunga katoa o parataiao calcareous me siliceous.

Ko te kaikonihi tino nanakia o enei kaiao - te mango ma, te āhuatanga o e tae 3 mita. ōka nanakia a te tino nanakia, he reira i whakaritea he tupuhi nui o te Indian Ocean.

ika Ocean Indian Tino ataahua, me te ngā - ika wheo. E kotingotingo ratou a piro, he papatahi, elongated i te tiketike o te āhua tinana. E tino totoa taea ki te huna i roto i nga rakau pururu o polyps kaoa, kihai i taea ki te tiki i tetahi konihi i reira ratou enei ika.

tikanga Tapeke o te Indian Ocean kia taea reira ki te kia ona kararehe kia rerekē, me te ngā, ki te kukume i te hunga e hiahia ana ki te ako i te reira.

ao huawhenua

mahere Aratau o te Indian Ocean homai he whakaaro whānui o te mea ko ia i runga i te rohe. A, tīmata i tenei, e mea ohie ki te amo i te tahi mau hapori e pai te tipu o te moana.

Ko te pātata ki te Pacific Ocean whai wāhi ki te pükohu parauri, me te whero whānui, he maha ngā momo o e he o faufaa arumoni. pükohu Green e māngai hoki i roto i nga wahi katoa o te Indian Ocean.

ingoa me te rerekē ngā mō te te makrotsistisa Rapa tupuria. Kei te whakapono te reira e reira kei roto i te tihi i runga i te kaipuke ko te ōrite ki te mate, no te mea he ratou tino ngāwari ki te tiki puputu'u me ko reira tino taea ki te tiki i roto i.

Ko te wahi matua o te tipu moana o te ao kėia nöhanga rauropi pūtau, pükohu planktonic.

faufaa Economic o te Indian Ocean

e kore te mea hī hoki ngā kararehe me ngā otaota i roto i te Indian Ocean rite-tauine tonu whakawhanakehia rite i roto i te tahi atu moana hohonu, me moana. Ki te rā, i tēnei moana, ko te puna rāhui o te ao o te rāhui kai mana. Aratau mahere o te Indian Ocean taea whakaatu i te motu matua me te kūrae ki runga i kawea te ika tino whakawhanakehia me i maina o tino momo o ika me te pükohu:

• Sri Lanka;
• Hindustan;
• Somalia;
• Madagascar;
• Maldives;
• Heikere;
• Arapi Peninsula.

I roto i tenei take, nga kararehe Indian Ocean mo te wahi tino - te tino tino momo kai tötika. Heoi, tino hira i roto i tenei tikanga, te tinana o te wai whakamahi. Ko tōna hiranga matua mō te iwi i tenei ra - te uru ki rerekē whenua, motu me Peninsulas.