Mātauranga:, Hītori
Ko te Russian Tsarina Alexander Romanov whakamutunga
Empress Alexandra Feodorovna Romanova ... ona tuakiri i roto i te hītori Russian he rangirua. I runga i te ringa kotahi, he wahine î i te here, whaea, a ki runga ki te tahi atu - te rangatira i, e kore hua'tu tangohia hapori Russian. He rota o panga me mea ngaro e pā ana ki Aleksandroy Fedorovnoy: tona manarūtanga ki mysticism - i runga i te ringa kotahi me te whakapono hohonu - te tahi atu. Kairangahau huanga reira ki tona kawenga mo te whakarau fakamamahi o te whare emepaea. He aha Puzzles toa Biography Alexandra Feodorovna Romanova? He aha te mea tona tūranga i roto i o te whenua te whakarau? whakahoki tatou i roto i te tuhinga.
tamarikitanga
whanau Aleksandra Fedorovna Romanova i Pipiri 7, 1872. Ngā mātua o te Empress Russian heke mai ko te Duke Grand o Heesi-Darmstadt Ludwig ko British Princess Alice. Ko te kotiro te mokopuna o Kuini Wikitoria, a ka takaro i tenei hononga te wāhi nui i roto i tarai i te huru o Alexandra.
ingoa Full reira - Victoria Aliks Elena Louise Beatrice (i roto i te kororia o toku tati). Haunga Alix (pera-ka karanga kotiro taketake), i roto i te whānau Duke i whitu tamariki.
Alexander (Romanov te mutunga) riro te mātauranga puāwaitanga Ingarihi, i whakaarahia ai i roto i nga whakarerenga iho tino o te wā Victorian. ko nga wahi katoa Tāú: i roto i te ora ia rā, kai, kakahu. Ahakoa moe nga tamariki i runga i bunks nga hoia '. toku ora katoa kua i taua wa i roto i te kotiro takina mamahu ka whawhai ia ki tushevaniem tūturu i roto i te hapori tauhou. I te kāinga, e kore Alix i mohio: atamai, ataata, kua oaoa e ia he ingoa tuarua - "te ra."
Otiia kihai i pera kapua tamarikitanga, te tuatahi i rite ki te hua o te aituā patua he teina, ka diphtheria mate tuahine teina Mae, ko Princess Alice - whaea Alix. arahina tenei ki te meka e te kotiro tau e ono tau i roto i runga ano, ka ke.
tamarikitanga
I muri i te matenga o tona whaea, kia rite ki te nuinga o Alexandra, i runga whakairihia reira i te kapua pouri, a taumaru iho ana ki tamarikitanga paki katoa. Kei te tonoa te reira ki Ingarangi ki tona tupuna - te whakatakoto tikanga ana Kuini Wikitoria. Noatia, pahuatia take kāwanatanga whakamutunga te wa katoa, na kua ki te mātauranga o ngā tamariki, kua tukua ki te kaitiaki tamariki. I muri mai, kua kore Empress Alexandra e wareware i te mau haapiiraa e ka i roto i tona tamarikitanga.
Margaret Jackson - ko te ingoa o te kaiako me tona kaiako - oho atu i te tikanga Wikitoria taata faahua, whakaako ia te kotiro ki te whakaaro, ki te feruri, ki te hanga i me ki te reo o ratou whakaaro. kihai mātauranga Classical i whakarato whanaketanga whānui, engari na te heke mai te tekau ma rima matau Empress Alexandra Romanova i tōrangapū, hītori, waiata maitai takaro, a ka mohio te maha o ngā reo ke.
Ko roto i tona tamarikitanga, i roto i te tau o te tekau ma rua, tuatahi tutaki Alix tana tane heke mai Nikolai. ¶ A i te marena o tona tuahine, me te Grand Duke Herekiu. E toru nga tau i muri mai, i te aniraa o te muri, reira ano mai ki Russia. Nicholas ko kotiro talangofua.
Wedding Nikolai II
kihai i tākare e pā ana ki te uniana o te iwi taitamariki mau metua Nicholas - atu pai, i roto i to ratou tirohanga, ko tona marena ki te tamahine o te Kaute French Louis-Philippe. Hoki timata i aroha tau roa e rima o wehenga, engari tenei meka tonu tahi atu o ratou, ka ako ki te mauruuru i te mana'o.
Ehara i roto i te mea e kore e Nicholas hiahia ki te farii i te hinaaro o tona papa, haere tonu ia ki te tohe i te faaipoiporaa ki tona aroha. Ko te kingi o nāianei Alexander III kua ki te hoatu ara: mana'o ia tata te mate, a kia waiho te kainga he rōpū. Otiia i konei riro Alix i muri i te ingoa koroneihana Alexandra Feodorovna Romanova, i fehangahangai ki te wero nui: i reira ki te tango waiho Ofotokisií me Lutheranism. Ia ako nga turanga mo e rua nga tau, i muri i nei te tahuri ai ki te whakapono Russian. kia ahau e mea i haere mai Alexander ki he 'Ofotokisií ki te ngakau tuwhera, me te whakaaro parakore.
ka mau Young marena wahi Whiringa 27, 1894, ia, ano, kawea ana Ioann Kronshtadsky. ka mau te reira i wahi i roto i te mea ngaro o te Ekalesia o te Winter Palace. tupu katoa i runga i te whakamārama o te tangihanga, i muri i te 3 ra i muri i hohoro mate Alix i Russia, Alexander III (he tokomaha i mea ka e "haere mai i te kāwhena" ia). tuhia Alexander i roto i te pukapuka ki tona tuahine i te rerekē a Tūrongo i waenganui i pouri me te whakamanamana nui - piri reira te tokorua atu. Mea katoa, ara nga hoariri o te whānau o te emepaea, kite kaha i muri uniana me te puai Alexandra ko Nicholas II.
I tū manaaki o te taata faaipoipo apî i runga i te poari (koroneihana) i runga i Mei 27, 1896 i te whakaaro Cathedral o Moscow. Mai taua wa kua riro Aliks- "ra" te taitara o Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, Empress Romanov. Ia i muri tuhia i roto i tona rātaka e ko te reira te rua o nga marena - ki Russia.
A tuu i i te marae, me te i roto i te ora tōrangapū
Mai te ra rawa tuatahi o te kingitanga o te Empress Alexandra Feodorovna - he tautoko, me te tautoko hoki tana tane i roto i tona mau ohipa āhua manawarau.
I roto i te ora tūmatanui, wahine taitamariki ngana ana ki te whakatenatena te iwi ki te aroha, no te mea kua riro te reira i roto i te tamarikitanga i ngā mātua. Kia aroha mai, i kore e te marae o ona whakaaro tangohia, ano, kino ki te Empress. I roto i ona tono katoa a tae noa ka tāwhai i kite te marae te mahaki me te unnaturalness. Otiia i roto i te hono mo'oní e ratou waia noa ki te mangere, a kihai i hiahia ki te huri i tetahi mea.
O te akoranga, kia rite ki tetahi wahine, me tana wahine, a Alexandra Romanov he pānga i runga i ngā mahi kāwanatanga hoa faaipoipo.
tuhia maha kaitōrangapū rongonui o te wa e i reira he pānga kino i runga i Nicholas. Ko te tirohanga, hei tauira, S. Witte. He tuhipoka General A. Mosolov ko toofa Gurko ki tatarahapa te kore o tona hapori Russian. E kore te whakamutunga tūkino āhua-feliliuaki me etahi pau te Empress nāianei, me te pouaru o Alexander III o, Mariyu Fedorovnu, tae noa ki te mutunga, a kihai i tangohia e te tamahine.
Otiia, whakarongo nga kaupapa ki a ia, a kihai i roto i o te wehi, engari i roto i o te faatura. Ae, i tino ia, engari kia rite ki a ia, a ki te whakapai kanohi ki ano. e kore kua Alix wareware ana tono, me ngā tohutohu, ia o ratou i pai-whakaaro, me te whārite. Faka'apa'apa atu aroha ia, te hunga e i tata ki te Empress, i mohio reira kahore rangona, a hohonu whaiaro. Hoki te toenga o te Empress noho he "hoiho pouri" me te kaupapa o te kawekawe korero.
He arotake rawa mahana e pā ana ki Alexander. Na, hītekiteki M. Kshesinskaya (i te ara, ko ia te rangatira o Nicholas ki te marena o te whakamutunga ki Alix) faahiti ia rite te wahine o nga tikanga tiketike, me te wairua whānui.
Tamariki: Grand Duchesses
whanau Tuatahi Grand Duchess Olga te i roto i te 1895. People kāore hoki tupu ake ara te Empress, no te mea i tatari katoa mo te tamaiti, he kainga. Alexander, i kitea kahore whakautu me tautoko ratou kaha i roto i te kaupapa tino te ara ki te ora te utuafare, te reira noa kai te tamahine o ratou ake, kahore te whakamahi i te ratonga o te tētahi atu kihai i e angamaheni noa hoki mau utuafare rangatira, e kore e pera nui mo te Empress.
whanau i muri Tatiana, Maria ko Anastasia. i ngā tamariki i roto i te tapatahi, me te te viivii o te wairua Nikolay Aleksandrovich me Alexandra. Ko te whānau noa, kowaiwai o tetahi whakapehapeha.
Kawea ake e te kuini ia Aleksandra Romanova. Ko te okotahi anake ko te kaupapa o te arotahi kuiti. utua nui whakarongo te ki hākinakina waho kēmu, pono. Ko Mother te tangata ki nei i taea e te kotiro tono i tetahi wa me te ki tetahi tono. noho ratou i roto i te huru o te aroha me te whakawhirinaki hope. Ko reira tino hari, te utuafare ma te aau tae.
Girls tupu i roto i te huru o te peu mâ, me te whakaaro pai. Whaea anake whakahau ratou kia utu ki te tiaki ki ore- raa nui, me te poipoi i te haehaa, me te viivii ore. Kei te tino uaua whai wāhi ratou ngā pāpori. i iti ratou urunga ki te hapori anake ki nga whakaritenga o te ritenga marae. Alexandra Feodorovna, wahine o Nicholas 2, wehi e tamahine pahua o te rangatira pēhia ngā kōtiro.
Ki te mahi o te whaea tāia ki tīrama Alexandra. tupu nga Duchesses Grand parakore rerekē, taitamariki kotiro haavare ore. wairua faahiahia o te ataahua Karaitiana katoa i roto i te utuafare i kingi ai. Kei te kï hoki, i roto i o ratou rātaka me Nicholas II, nei ko Aleksandra Romanova. Quotes raro, anake whakaū i te kōrero i runga ake:
"To tatou aroha me to tatou ora - Ka taea e te katoa ... Kahore wehe matou ranei iti to tatou aroha" (Alexandra).
"He oaoa utuafare onge te Ariki, kua manaakitia tatou" (Emperor Nicholas II).
Ko te whanau o te kainga
Ko te mea anake i kino te ora o nga hoa faaipoipo, - te kore o te kainga. I tenei take, ko te tino haapeapea Aleksandra Romanova. I aua ra, ka rawa io ia. I roto i te ngana ki te mahino te take, me te whakaoti i te raruraru, ka tīmata te Empress ki te tiki wāhi i roto i te mysticism me te ake ara täia i roto i te karakia. Ka kitea tēnei i roto i tana tane, Nicholas II, a no te mea mana'o ia te mamae hinengaro te wahine aroha ia.
I whakaritea e te reira ki te kukume i te tākuta pai. Kia aroha mai, i roto ia ratou hinga te kaiponu tūturu, Philippe. Tae i France, i pera faauruhia e ia te whakaaro Empress o hapūtanga, e ia tino whakapono i roto i te mea ko te kainga. whakawhanakehia Alexandra Feodorovna i te mate rawa onge - he "hapūtanga teka". A, no te ka reira mārama e te kopu i roto i kuini Russian tupu i raro i te mana o te kāwanatanga psycho-aronganui, i ahau ki te hanga i te fanongonongo mōhiohio e ka hei te mono. Piripi ignominiously peia i te whenua.
A iti i muri mai, hapu tonu Alix me homai whanau ki 12 Hereturikōkā 1904 te tamaiti - Tsesarevicha Alekseya.
Rasputin i te ora o te Empress
I roto i te tahi mau puna taea kitea e koe ngā mōhiohio e taea te āwhina Tsarevich Alexei kotahi anake te tangata - Grigory Rasputin. Ahakoa whakaaro te mate te ma'i, me te mahu, i reira he nui taunakitanga e te "tangata a te Atua" na roto i te ana inoi taea tōna tikanga ki te aukati i te mauiui o te tamaiti meapango. He aha te mea tenei - uaua ki te mea. Me kï reira e te mate i te Karauna Prince o ko te ngaro kāwanatanga. Ka taea te faaoti i te reira, tae noa ki whakawhirinaki tenei kaiahuwhenua Roho whānau emepaea he mohoao.
I whanaunga Rasputin me te Empress tuhituhia he rota: etahi huanga ki a ia te tūranga anake o kaiwhakaora o te kainga, te atu - he take ki Aleksandroy Fedorovnoy. e kore e hanga Tata nāna te - puremu Empress ka ko māia e pā ana ki te tinihanga o Kuini Nicholas II ko Gregory hau hapori. I muri i te katoa, ka korerotia e ia te tangata tawhito e pā ana ki reira, engari ka ko ia tino haurangi, na taea ia whakaaro ngāwari pohehe. E kore e te kawekawe korero hiahia nui mo te whanautanga. E ai ki hoa tata, e kore kino i te tokorua kingi, te take matua mō te whanaunga tata Rasputin a i taa patua te uri kingi Alexei hemophilia.
A me pehea āwangawanga Nikolay Aleksandrovich ki nga hau, e häpai ana te ingoa mārama o tona wahine? whakaaro ia he mea nui atu i pakiwaitara me te pokanoa tika i roto i te tūmataiti o te whānau tenei katoa. Rasputin ia rite Emperor whakaaro ia "tangata Russian ohie, rawa fakalotú, me te pono."
Kei te mohiotia te reira mo te kotahi te mea: i hoki Gregory aroha hohonu te uri kingi. Ko ratou i roto i te torutoru nei tangihia pono i muri i te kohuru o te tangata tawhito.
Romanova i roto i te whawhai
i akina atu e te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao Nicholas II ki te haere atu i St Petersburg ki te GHQ. ka mau ano te āhua ki runga i te tiaki o Alexandra Feodorovna Romanova. utu te reira i tokanga makehe ki te Empress o te aroha. ka kite a War te rite te ati whaiaro: pouri pono, te kitenga i te hoia i runga i te mua, a tangihia te hunga mate. lau ia te inoi i runga i ia urupa hou o te hoia kua hinga, me te mea ko tona whanaunga ia. Ko reira haumaru ki te mea e te taitara kua riro kē "Tapu" Aleksandra Romanova i roto i tona ora. Ko te wa ka atu piri Alix ki he 'Ofotokisií tenei.
e mea he e kua poutihnut te hau: kei te te mamae i te whenua i te whawhai. Ehara i i te katoa, kua riro ratou noa atu tutu. Hei tauira, i te whakapanga ai o pokenga ki spiritualism. e kore i taea e pea e reira pono, no te mea ara na ko te Empress he tangata hohonu karakia, patoi katoa atu-te ao nei.
tauturu i te mau pure kihai i iti te whenua i roto i te wa o te whawhai. Fakataha kua taukei ki ana tamahine Alexandra te pūkenga o ngā nēhi: timata ratou ki te mahi i te hōhipera, te āwhina tākuta (āwhina i roto i ngā mahi), kawea i roto i nga ahua o te tiaki mo te werohia.
i tahuri whare kingi ki ngā hōhipera, fakatāutaha i hanga Alexandra nga tereina hōhipera me warehouses rongoā. hanga ia i te taurangi e rite te roa rite reira he whawhai, e kore ia e kore e kore te Duchesses Grand tuitui ahau he kakahu kotahi. Na noho noa he pono te mutunga ki tona kupu.
Ko te taha wairua o Aleksandry Romanovoy
He ko hohonu fakalotu Alexandra Romanova? Whakaahua me whakaahua o te Empress, Whatahoro, whakaatu tonu kanohi pouri o tenei wahine, whanga ratou etahi pouri. Ahakoa i roto i tona taitamarikitanga reira ki fakatapui tonu ka mau te reira i te whakapono Siu, mahue atu Lutheranism, i kawea ake i runga i nga mau parau mau i te tamarikitanga.
puranga Life hanga reira ofi ange ki te Atua, maha ia e tahuri mai hoki inoi, ka ngana ki te hapu i te tamaiti, ka - ina kitea e ia i roto e pā ana ki te mate mate o tana tama. A i roto i te whawhai, ia heruraa i inoi mo nga hoia, te werohia, me te hunga e mate mo te whenua. ra katoa i roto i te mua o tona mahi minita i roto i te hōhipera Alexandra tukutaha etahi wa mo inoi. Hoki enei take, i roto i Palace o te Tsar noa he ruma inoi motuhake.
Heoi, ia mahi ki te Atua i kore anake inoi uaua: e orahia Empress te aroha pono nui-tauine. Kua whakaritea e ia te kāinga o te tamariki, whangai te kāinga, maha hōhipera. kitea ia wa mo tana pononga o te honore, ngaro te kaha ki te haere: korero ki a ia e pā ana ki te Atua, aratohu i te pae varua, me te tautoko i nga ra.
kore i Alexandra faaite tona whakapono i runga i te whakaatu, te nuinga e haere ana i roto i te whenua tae mai ia hahi, a ko incognito hōhipera. ngāwari i taea e ia hanumi ki te mano o te hunga whakapono, no te mea i te taiao ona mahi, ko reira i te ngakau. Religion i hoki ki a Alexandra kia pono whaiaro. E rave rahi o te marae tamata ki te kitea te kuini i roto i nga pitopito kōrero o tinihanga, heoi kihai ia i taea e ratou.
Na ko tana tahu, Nicholas II. aroha ratou te Atua ki o koutou ngakau katoa, ko Russia, kihai i whakaaro tetahi atu ora ki waho o Russia. kihai ratou i te wehewehe i waenganui i te iwi e kore e nei te utu i te raina i waenganui i te Noble me te iwi noa. Te nuinga pea, reira, he taata noa Roho, Grigoriy Rasputin, i roto i tona wa "mau" i roto i te whānau o te emepaea.
Tuhinga, whakarau, me te taparahi
I oti a Alexandra Fyodorovna i tona ora i te matemate i roto i te whare Ipatiev, i reira ka haria te hapu o te hoia i muri i te tau 1917. Noa'tu i te aroraa o te poheraa, i raro a'ei te ahoaho o te pŭpŭ pupuhi, ua tapo'i oia ia'na iho e te tapa'o o te satauro.
Ko te "Karauna Karaitiana" e tohu ana i te whanau o te reinga nui atu i te kotahi, i noho tahi ratou me o ratau oranga katoa, i te mohio ko nga mea katoa ka tino pouri. Na ratou i tuku ki te hiahia o te Atua, a kua hinga i te kaha o te kino. Ko te tokorua o te tar i tanumia anake i te tau 1998.
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