Ko te tohu me te maimoatanga o ngā tohuira kakā C huaketo o rongoā HCV kakā C.

Tae noa tata whakaaro te C huaketo kakā i anake te ahua o te huaketo Hepacivirus. Otiia tahuri reira i roto i taua he hoki hoiho, kuri, kiore me pekapeka i haria ki tenei mate. Whakamātauria ki te mārama me pēhea kino kakā C mo ki te tangata rite ia kitea ka hamani, rite te tātaritanga wā o te mate nui e ohie te therapy. I tua atu, mate i haria ki tamariki iti, a kua kitea reira te mua, te nui te tūponotanga o te putanga pai.

He aha te kakā C huaketo

A, no te tautuhi i te tangata tenei mate, reira ka tīmata tonu ki te whakamamae maha pātai e pā ana ki Hepatitis C: He aha te mea te reira (taunakitanga whakaahua o mate), tono ki tetahi tākuta mo te awhina, a na i runga i. Jaundice kakā ranei huaketo ko te matūriki arā, o rauemi ira (tuipūmua) i roto i te matua, e karapotia ana e te anga pūmua icosahedral me tiaki rō i roto i te lipid (ngako ranei) kōpaki pūtau-ahu.

Hepatitis C Ko tetahi o te maha huaketo e meinga nui mumura o te ate E ruia ana. Whakatika ki te 85% o te iwi e kua i te puka whakapeka o te mate, he chronically pangia ki te toenga o tona ora. Mate te nuinga puta mā toto (werohia rō-uaua o ngira kore-horomata, rapirapi, marutanga). whakaaro te mōrea o te mate i roto i whakapā fakasekisualé ki tenei huaketo te iti, engari kua tonu he wahi.

Take o Hepatitis B i roto i ngā pakeke

Hepatitis C - he mate meinga e te huaketo e pāngia e te ate. Ko te mau ohipa ate mahi ngā tango o matū matū kino i te tinana, te whakapai ake nakunaku, huaora maimoatanga me ngā matūkai i kai, me te rite i roto i te tukanga o clots toto i nga motu me te patunga. Hepatitis C i roto i nga wahine, ko te tino kino hoki kohungahunga hoki e taea te huaketo pēpē i te whaea mate i roto i whanau. Ko Ko te aha e mea faufaa ki te mataara mo te āhua o tana hauora ina whakamahere i te hapūtanga.

Ka taea te tohaina jaundice huaketo i roto i te pakeke i roto i te wā e whai ake nei:

1. A, no te whakamahi i kore-horomata rō-uaua werohia mate intramuscular ranei (tae atu ki ngā taero).
2. Moko, hohonu tinana, mahi werowero ngira pupuri kore-horomata ngira ngā tukanga.
3. I roto i sex wateatanga ki te hoa pangia, ki te i tenei wa i reira he whakapā i roto i te toto (tuwhenua, motu, mariao i runga i te kikokiko ranei i roto i paheke). pā ana tēnei aratuka ki te ara rerekē o te rongo.
4. A, no te te tukanga toto huhu.
5. I roto i te maimoatanga i haumanu niho.

Matihe, maremare, te faaiteraa i te kai, rīnena whakawhiti atu tupurangi ranei whakapā tūturu kore te kakā tuku.

Ko te pūtake o te kakā i roto i ngā tamariki

He ahua rerekē i te tohu mate i roto i ngā pakeke tohu me te maimoatanga o te kakā C i roto i ngā tamariki. toro Child kakā i roto i ara e rua: i te whaea ki te tamaiti (ara poutū o te mate) me i roto i te whakapā tika ki te toto o te tangata i pangia, (te ara parenteral o mate). Ka taea te tuku i te huaketo i te whaea pangia ki te tamarii fanau i roto i whanau ana, te auau o te wā, pērā he e pā ana ki 4-5%. Ki te whakatika ake i te āhuatanga i taua, whakaekea te wahine ki te mahi i te wāhanga whakawhānau, e paku te whakaiti i te mōrea o te tuku o te kakā B huaketo ki te hou. Mate tamariki ara tuarua te tikanga puta i roto i ngā wawaotanga hauora, maimoatanga niho, whakahaere o te raau taero mā mea horomata, tātari toto, huhu toto, me te tahi atu ngā tukanga hauora.

I roto i te taiohi, pera i roto i ngā pakeke, faarahi te reira tūponotanga o whiwhi whakamahi kakā tarukino. I tua atu, ka nui haere te mōrea o te mate i roto i ngā tamariki taiohi i roto i te ofatiraa o te ture o akuaku o te moko kiri, hohonu tinana, me te tahi atu mea. A, no te heu hua akuaku whānui i roto i motu me abrasions i runga i te kiri ki te tinana e taea hoki tomo huaketo.

Tohu o te kakā B i roto i ngā pakeke

E mea pinepine e rave rahi te iwi ki te kakā C kore e whai tohu āhuatanga o te mate. Tohu o te mate ma'i e kore e puta noa scarring tae noa kore te te ate i hanga (cirrhosis). I roto i tenei mate e te nuinga o tahi e te ngoikore whānui, rohirohi nui, me te he tohumate nonspecific ara i roto i te ngaro o te cirrhosis.

Ko te tohu te nuinga o whakakitea nui mate i muri rite wā kakā heki he i te 15 ki te 150 nga ra. tangata i pangia, kahore tohu o te mate ko te riri ki ētahi atu, kia rite ki mahi rite te kawe o te huaketo, a taea tuku i te reira ki ētahi atu i runga tikanga. Ko te tohu matua o te mate ngā te whai ake:

- mate o hiahia;

- ahuatanga, ngoikore;

- whakapairuaki, ruaki;

- korere;

- ohorere mate taimaha whakaari mō kore take kitea;

- kōwhaitanga o te kiri, nenewha mā karu (pera i huaina mate jaundice paingia);

- he huringa i roto i te tae mimi (ki te parauri pouri) me te nohoanga (tütae te repa).

Tohu o te kakā i roto i ngā tamariki

Ko te wā heki toharite mō te tamaiti kakā e taea muri i te 15 nga ra ki te 6 marama. Tohu o te jaundice i roto i ngā tamariki puta i roto i iti iho i te 50% o take, me te e whakahuatia te nuinga i te kōwhaitanga o te kiri, me Pakeha o nga kanohi. te tikanga pumau wā Icteric ake ki te 3 wiki. No te mea kakā āhuatanga e mumura o te ate, puta te tamaiti haurangi katoa, haere tahi nei i whakapairuaki, ruaki, korere. āta tīmata te puka whakapeka o te mate, whakanui i āta tohu, i te mea kua he whanaketanga o disorders dyspeptic me astenovegetativnogo syndrome. kia haere tahi tohu o jaundice i roto i ngā tamariki i te kirika, ānini. feces poapoa,, mimi, i runga i te anga ke, riro te tae parauri pouri.

Kei te tata ana tohu tāutuhia me te maimoatanga o te kakā C, mai riro te mutunga te tātaritanga te ngaro o te maimoatanga tika i roto i te 10-20% o te wā katoa o whakapeka mate puka jaundice ranei ma'i. Ko te tikanga asymptomatic jaundice ma'i me te nuinga o te wā kitea i roto i te tirohanga matapōkere o te tamaiti kua ina kua ngaro te wa, me te ko tonu te mate ki a ia mo te ora. Ēnei tamariki i te rohirohi nui haere, asthenia, tohu extrahepatic (telangiectasia, kapillyarity).

tātaringa

Nā ki te meka e te mate HCV whakapeka ko te tikanga asymptomatic, tino nui tātaritanga wawe o te mate. A, no te haere tūponotanga ma'i o te mate rapunga iti mate noho undiagnosed a kia whakawhanake pōauautanga nui pērā i kanisā 'ate ranei.

Haurapa o huaketo i roto i te tinana puta na roto i te whakatau taumata o paturopi i te toto, a ka whakapumautia e te whakamātautau atu ki te whakatau i te RNA viral. E kore te te nui o RNA i roto i te toto (tohu kawenga viral) fakafekau'aki ki te mate pakeke, engari ka taea te whakamahi ki te aroturuki i te tauhohe o te rauropi e tukinotia. whakamahia ate unuhanga te ki te aromatawai i te whānuitanga o tona mate hinga (kino okana me scarring o ngā pūtau), te faufaa o te mea nui mō te whakamahere therapy.

kawea tātaritanga i roto i roto i te 2 ngā wāhanga:

- Screening hoki paturopi ki te jaundice huaketo e taea te whakatau mehemea huaketo te tangata e ki te huaketo;

- ki kawea he whakamātautau pai mō paturopi i roto i te anga matou waikawa karihi mō te HCV RNA, ki te whakatau i te ahua o te mate (whakapeka ma'i ranei).

Na, ki te whakamātautau pai, me te rata ki te aromātai i te tohu o te kino o te ate (kakakīrehe cirrhosis ranei). Ka taea te mahi i tēnei i te unuhanga i ngā whakamātautau kore-urutomo ranei. Ano, te manawanui e whakaorangia te whakamātautau taiwhanga ki te whakatau i te tohuira o te matatu o te kakā C. te tohu o te kino ate me te tohuira e whakamahia mō te hanga whakatau i runga i te maimoatanga, me te whakahaere o te mate.

Ko te tohuira o te kakā C

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakaora i te mate ki te kia whai hua, he mea nui ki te tautuhi te mea no ki tohuira te huaketo. Tohuira HCV wehea ki ngā momo rerekē e ono. Ka rite ki te tikanga, te huaketo tūroro ki te huaketo ki tetahi anake tohuira, engari ko te mau ia o ratou he ranunga o wheori e pā ana tata i huaina Manatü-momo. E ratou te haafifi i ki mutate ka riro ātete ki maimoatanga o nāianei. Ko tenei te mea whakamārama te uaua i roto i te maimoatanga o te jaundice ma'i.

Kei raro ko te rārangi o ngā tohuira rerekē o kakā C:

1. 1a tohuira.
2. 1b tohuira.
3. 2a tohuira, 2b, 2c, 2d.
4. Tohuira 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3F.
5. Tohuira 4a, 4b, 4C, 4d, 4E, 4F, 4G, 4H, 4I, 4j.
6. 5a tohuira.
7. 6a tohuira.

He nui hoki tākuta te tohuira o te HCV ina te tuku tūtohutanga haumanu. Hoki tauira, tohuira 1 Ko te uaua tino ki te hamani, me tūroro ki HCV tohuira 2 me 3 aro pai ki te maimoatanga ki te huinga o te Arepa-interferon ki ribavirin. I tua atu, ka whakamahi i huinga therapy, te roanga tūtohutia o te maimoatanga tei runga i te tohuira.

Maimoatanga o Hepatitis C

Kei te tata ana tohu me te maimoatanga o te kakā C, no te mea e hāngai ana therapy kei te tae atu i runga i nga tohu o te mate. I mua i te maimoatanga me te whakahaere i te hi'opo'a maitai i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatau i te huarahi pai ki te manawanui me tona mate. I tua atu, i runga i te pūtake o te ngā mōhiohio tātaritanga taea te tākuta te whakatau he aha Hepatitis C ko te whai hua tino mo te take ia takitahi. Modern maimoatanga paerewa o te jaundice ko te huinga o te therapy huaketo ki "interferon" me "Ribavirin", e he whai hua ki ngā tohuira katoa. Kia aroha mai, e kore te "Interferon" whānui e whakamahia ana i roto i te rongoā, e kua he pānga kino i runga i te āhua o te nuinga o tūroro, me i meka te huinga o te ribavirin ki tenei tarukino ko, pea, te rongoa pai mo te kakā C ki te rā.

Kua arahina moni Scientific ki te whanaketanga o te raau taero patu huaketo hou i jaundice, e he atu whai hua, haumaru me te mama atu i te hunga ngā. antivirals te reira i mahi hāngai (PDP), e he taea ki te faaohie i te maimoatanga o te mate e kore e anake, engari ano hoki ki te whakapiki ake i te ōrau o tūroro vyzdoravlivaemosti. Heoi, taero patu huaketo i ngā pānga taha nui me meinga maha enei ma'i i roto i te tūroro:

- pāhoahoa;

- rewharewha-rite tohu;

- whakapairuaki;

- rohirohi;

- oto o te tinana;

- korekore;

- rashes kiri, mate pāwera.

Ki te pāngia tetahi tamaiti ki te kakā C, kia hāngai maimoatanga i ārai i te whakawhitinga o te puka whakapeka o te mate ki te mau tonu. Therapy hoki waiwai he matatini me ngā ngā pērā i taka interferon o recombinant, reaferon i parenteral puka viferona me suppositories rectal. E tīpakohia takitahi regimens maimoatanga mō ia tamaiti.

Hoki e taea tamariki i 7 nga tau, me te te taiohitanga tautapa he huinga o raau taero, "interferon" me "Ribavirin". whakarite hoki inductors ( "TSikloferon") me immunomodulators ( "Taktivin"). Roa o te maimoatanga o te jaundice i roto i ngā tamariki, tei runga i ngā āhuatanga maha, mai i 24 ki te 48 wiki. Ki te pāngia ki te kakā C, kia maimoatanga kia haere tahi i te kai, te whakaū i te kai hauora, me te āhua noho, momi paipa, me te waipiro. He mea nui ki te mau i te moenga okiokinga me te karo i tango taero faufaa.

He tikanga tuku iho o te maimoatanga o jaundice, engari paitanga ki a ratou, kia mohio ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta, kia rite kore ki te kino i te tinana, me te kore ki te whakahōhā i te mate.

Haurangi me nunu'a

A, no te kitea tūroro kakā C, me pehea koe e taea e ora ki reira, pea tetahi o nga pātai tino nui e ui ratou i te tākuta. Tonu kia tuhia te reira e ka whakawhirinaki nga matapae i runga i te rapunga wā o te mate, me te whai huatanga o te therapy whakaritea. tāutuhia Time nga tohu me te maimoatanga o te kakā C, kitea te tika - te matua ki te angitu. He pai therapy mo te huru whānui o te manawanui, hoatu ana e ia he au pai, me te faarahi i te tūponotanga o te putanga pai. E ai ki ngā tatauranga, e pā ana ki 20% o tūroro e kua kirimana kakā, tino ora, ahakoa e kore e tenei tikanga e tiakina ratou i mate heke mai. Ko te toe 80% o tūroro whakawhanake mate ma'i (te ahua o tohu āhuatanga asymptomatic ranei). noho hopuhopu ki ētahi atu mō te ora enei iwi, kia rite ki he kawe o te huaketo.

A, no te tāutu te tākuta te manawanui Hepatitis C (tohu), maimoatanga me nunu'a o te mate - te mōhiohio e me kōrero ki te manawanui rite wawe tonu, me te i roto i te puka wātea. Ki te ora te tangata ki te kakā C mo te maha o nga tau i, kua te tikanga whakawhanake e ia nga pōauautanga e whai ake nei:

- kakā;

- cirrhosis;

- ate mate pukupuku.

ārai mate

Kia aroha mai, i reira he wā kahore kano ki jaundice. Tūroro e kua i kakā C, waiho kōrero e pā ana ki te mea he pai ki te ārai mate atu ki te hamani i te reira. Na, ki te karo i te horapa o te mate, me te tahi atu mate toto-whanau, kia mau te iwi nga whakaritenga e whai ake nei:

1. A ape i te faaiteraa i ngā tūemi whaiaro ki te kakahu, me te whakamahi i ngā tūemi e kia poke ai ki te toto (hei tauira, heu, toothbrushes, me ētahi atu).
2. A ape i hohonu taringa, hohonu tinana, maimoatanga mahi werowero ngira, moko i roto i nga wahi ki sterility pāhekeheke, me te kore o te akuaku.
3. Iwi ki te kakā C huaketo ka haere ki te whare hauora niho, kua takoto tetahi atu whare hauora ki te whakamōhio i te tākuta e e mau ana ratou i te huaketo ranei. Kore ki te rave i te reira jeopardizes te maha manuhiri ki te whare hauora niho.
4. kia Tetahi motu abrasions ranei āta hapai i rongoā waipatu a whakakikorua ratou i runga i runga o te takai parewai.
5. Tangata he hoa takoto maha, te whakamahi i ngā tikanga arai o ārai, pērā i ure, ki te whakawhāiti i te mōrea o te mate na roto i te huaketo kakā C me ētahi atu mate e kua tuku i roto i whakapā fakasekisualé.
6. He mea nui ki te kawe i roto i āraihia atu e hāngai ana te tikanga haumaru o te whakamahi o taputapu mō te werohia, werohanga, moko, me te tahi atu mau mea.

Kei te matau te reira e kore te tuku te huaketo kakā C i roto i whakapā tüao. He haumaru rūrū, kihi me awhiawhi, i roto i nei take kahore he hiahia ki te whakamahi i ngā tukanga wehe motuhake ka mahi ki tūroro huaketo. Hoapā, e whakanui i te mōrea o te tuku, tahi tonu i te tuku o te toto.