Ine - he aha te mea te reira? ine pāmahana contactless

Aita i maoro a'e, ka karanga pūrere whānui horahia he "ine". He aha te momo o te pūrere, me he aha, ko tona ngako? Tona misioni - inenga pāmahana ahanoa i te tetahi tawhiti i reira.

Na roto o nga pyrometers taea e te ara haumaru ki te tiki i te pāmahana he taonga uaua wera ranei, na ko ratou hoa mahi mahuinga ia i roto i tetahi hanga ahumahi. No te mea maha i reira e nga wa i te mea e taea noa ki te whakatata te ahanoa inenga, ranei ki te tohu ia i te ati ki te hauora tangata.

He hītori iti

Ko te pyrometer tuatahi (he aha te ahua o te pūrere, e kite i raro) i whakaaro e ahupūngao Tatimana Pita van Mushenbruktom. Ka taea e ēnei ngā pūrere ine i te pāmahana o tinana e ngā anake. i haaputuhia tātai Basic i raraunga i runga i te huri i te tae me te tiaho o te ahanoa mura. Ko e mo'oni, kihai i tika enei whika nui. I tēnei wā, tupu te taumahinga o enei whakaaro kua tino, he reira taea ki te ine i te pāmahana o te kore taonga wera anake, engari te hunga taonga i te ahua, ko te iti iho i te 0 nekehanga. Hei tauira, ine he pyrometer pōkākā te Optris pāmahana i roto i te whānuitanga o -32 ki te 900 ⁰ C.

timata whakapai ake o enei whakaaro i roto i te 60raa o te rau tau XIX. Kei te whakawhanake angitu me inaianei te ahumahi. Ngā mihi ki te whanaketanga kaha, ka taea ki te whakaputa i pyrometers ahumahi, rite rawa nei te ki te mahi nui. I te wa ano ki te whanaketanga rahi whakaaro nanotechnology o te whiwhi iti me iti, e hanga to ratou whakamahi rite watea rite taea.

I whakawhanakehia e te tauira pyrometer kawe tuatahi i roto i te 1967 e te kamupene ārahi American Wahl. Ko ia nei ko te faaururaa o ngā pūrere pōkākā hou. Ko te kupu whakataki o te hangarau, me ngā whanaketanga hou i āwhina te whakapai ake i te mahi o te pyrometer. hāngai Ko tōna parau tumu taketake i runga i te faaotiraa o te pūngao waiariki, anapanapa nei i te ahanoa. Ki te introduction whānui o enei whakaaro i te whai wāhi ki te mamao te ine i te pāmahana o rua wai me te totoka.

whakarōpūtia ine pāmahana ine pāmahana i tenei ra i roto i te maha o ngā tikanga nui. Kia titiro a ratou i roto i te taipitopito.

Ko te āhuatanga matua o

E ai ki tenei paearu, i reira e toru ngā momo matua:

• Tīahoaho. whakaritea te pāmahana o te ahanoa wera e whakatairite tona kara me te whakamarumaru o te miro tohutoro.
• Radiation. Taua pyrometers whakatau te pāmahana o te ahanoa na tona kaha radiation wera.
• Tae. Tenei ahua o te pūrere ki te ine i te tumu parau e hāngai ana i runga i te pāmahana te tae o te mata whakaata i roto i te tūāwhiorangi rerekē.

whānuitanga pāmahana

I roto i te tikanga ki te whiwhi tohu pāmahana tika, he mea e tika ana ki te whiriwhiri i te pyrometer tika. He aha te tikanga o tenei? Tenei pūrere e rua ngā momo o akatuke'anga:

• pāmahana iti. Ngā ine pāmahana o tenei momo anake e taea te ine i te pāmahana o ngā kino.
• High pāmahana. Ēnei whakaaro te mahi aro mātai ngā wera anake. Na reira, ko te whakaaro taua tetahi o nga tawhā tino nui te rohe o te pāmahana inenga.

momo hoahoa

Kei te whakarōpūtia hoki te ine pāmahana whakapā-kore rite ki te momo o te taumahi:

1. tauira pute Kawe tohu momo o enei whakaaro. E mea faufaa taua whakaaro ka te ahanoa inenga pāmahana ka rahua reira ki te haere mai ki te tawhiti rawaka. E rite rawa ngā ine pāmahana o tenei momo ki te mata iti, ka taea ki a koe te whakaatu kuputuhi me te mōhiohio whakairoiro.
2. pūrere pahoho. E whakamahia pyrometers momo pahoho mō inenga tiketike-pū. He taua whakaaro i roto i te tono hinonga ahumahi nui, e rapu aroturuki tamau o te pāmahana o te hanga kuputohu.

Tūtohutanga: Ko te tokotoko e hanga pāmahana inenga rawa maha, e tūtohu ana ki te whakarongo ki pyrometers pōkākā i mua i te hoko i te pūrere. e kore e pokanoa te reira, a ki te whakarite i te āhuatanga matua me te utu o te maha tauira e wātea ana i roto i te mākete. Ka hoatu i te whai ake i tētahi whakamārama poto o nga momo e whā o pyrometers pōkākā.

tauira taetahi

Pōkākā (taetahi) pyrometer mō te ine i te poipoi wera. Enei tauira He ngāwari, he te kōwhiringa kawe tino. Ko te tino māmā ratou mahi: ko reira nui ki te horoi i te ine pāmahana i te ahanoa me pēhi i te pātene tika. Ratou painga motuhake ko te kaha ki te kawe i roto i inenga pāmahana i tetahi tawhiti.

Ēnei whakaaro i te rohe i runga i te inenga o te diameter o te wahi, a te tino tairongo ki poke taiao. Ko enei drawbacks tino whakaiti i te hōkai o ratou tono, hei tauira, i roto i te pyrometer ruma tae kotahi, ae ranei rawa takawai kore e mahi tika.

thermocouples pōkākā

Ko tētahi momo māmā pyrometers pōkākā ko te thermocouple. Ko te āhuatanga matua o tenei pūrere ko te kore o te hikohiko mātanga, whakamahia nei te ki ia faananea i te tohu riro. Tenei ka tona painga mâro-, i whakaratohia te whai wāhitanga ahurei mo te tono o tenei mea. Ko te parau tumu whakahaere o te thermocouple Ko te tino māmā: kua tahuri te radiation ki te tohu thermocouple kore-rārangi.

painga:

• utu iti;
• hototahi pai ki ine pūrere;
• whanganga Ko runga ake i taua o te tahi atu tauira te pāmahana mōrahi.

utu hoki whakarongo ki te mau hapa. I roto i te parau tumu, i reira e rua anake:

• hapa o neke atu i te 2%;
• he spectral whānuitanga whanui.

Ko te pyrometer rua-tae - he aha te mea te reira?

puta tenei pūrere āhua tata. Ko te tauira atu matatau, e ine te uara o e rua, neke atu rānei o te ngaru tukuna tenei. Ko te painga o te pyrometer bi-tae, he tino rerekē i ngā pūrere pōkākā tuku iho i te mea te kaha ki te mahi i roto i te rerekē tūāwhiorangi tae. tukua ēnei tohu ki a koe te whakamahi i tēnei pūrere i roto i te wāhi poke, mai kore te mea i pāngia e te aroaro o matū ke, pērā i paowa, hau, mamaoa me etahi atu. Ano, he mahuinga ki te mahi ki reiti o mangu tenei pyrometer, ka whakatau i te reira ki te hanga pū te pāmahana o te whakarewa totoka, haere ki te āhua wai.

pyrometers muka whatu

Ko te ōrite ki te pyrometer tikanga te parau tumu o te mahi o enei whakaaro. Ko te rerekētanga anake ko te aroaro o te taura muka whatu, i roto i nei kawea te rere marama te. Ko te painga o tenei whirihoranga takoto i roto i te meka e taea te piko te taura takirihia. hanga tenei reira taea ki te hanga inenga pāmahana i roto i te wahi tino mamao.

Kei te whānui muka pyrometers whatu whakamahia i roto i ngā wāhi ki te parae hiko tiketike, kei hea he tino kaha te tauira tuku iho. E rite rawa ēnei whakaaro ki te arotahi i whakaritea. āhei te reira ki te ine i te radiation o te wera te pūngao ki diameter iti 0.1 mm o wahi. Heoi, tenei arotahi whakatakoto ana rohe i roto i te tawhiti: hoki he tika inenga pau ki mārama mau te tohutohu i tohua i roto i te tawhiti.

pyrometer taiaho

I roto i te tikanga ki te kawe i roto i ngā inenga i te tawhiti, whakaturia nga kaihanga i pyrometers mātanga taiaho. haere mai ratou i roto i te maha o ngā.

1. pūrere taiaho ki tetahi kurupae hanga reira taea ki te whai i te ine pāmahana anake i te wahi pokapū o te pūngao wera. Tei runga i te tauira raraunga o ngā pūrere, te tūtohutanga o te rohe hapa taea e 1-2 cm. Kei te tino maha kitea tenei koha i roto i ngā pūrere inexpensive.
2. Taiaho ine pāmahana ki kurupae rua ki te whakatau i te rahi me te wāhi o te ahanoa ki te ruri. e kore te Whakamahi i roto i te takiwa tūtohutia, kia rite ki nga tohu maha nui rere.
3. mātanga Porohita - te whakaaro tika tino whakahaere tōtika i tawhiti rerekē, me te ki tetahi rahi o te wahi ruri.

ako

Na roto i te hoko i tenei pūrere, me tirohia e koe mēnā i reira ko te huinga o ngā tohutohu. Ine - pūrere mātanga, kia pera hoki tau ki ratou ake mahi, ka kia pakeke nui. whakaahua ana i te buka haapiiraa i te mau tuhaa faufaa e kua hiahiatia hoki mahi tika. Tenei ko etahi o ratou:

• Types putanga me te pūmanawa;
• hapa raraunga;
• nohopuku tawhā;
• arotahi momo;
• pāmahana maimoatanga;
• whānuitanga spectral;
• emissivity, etc ..

Ko te whakamahi o pyrometers

Kei te whānui pyrometers pōkākā whakamahia i roto i ngā ahumahi:

• pūngao ngāwhā - ka te huarahi ahanoa wera e taea;
• i roto i te ahumahi mana - e whakamahia pyrometers mō te aroturuki tonu o ngā whakaurunga me te haumaru ahi i roto i to ratou mahi;
• i roto i ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga - ki kore pea o mo te ahanoa raro ako inenga o tona pāmahana, ina e kore e taea ki te mahi i roto i te tikanga tikanga ranei;
• i roto i te hanga - e whakamahia pyrometers ki te whakatau i te wāhi o te mate i roto i mau utuafare me whare, e rua whakamahi noho, me te ahumahi, me te te mains whakawera wera i roto i te tikanga ki te hohoro kitea apî.