Ko te whakarōpū o rori. Ko te rārangi o rori hānga ana i roto i Russia

Huarahi Ko nga ara waka e hono ngā rohe me wāhi o te whenua. Ko te uara rawa hoki to matou whenua he rori e hānga ana o Russia. Otiia e kore e hoki te mea e tika ana te faufaa o te tahi atu ara haafaufaa ore ano. Kia ako a e founga ki te whakarōpū rori, me te utu ake he rārangi o rori e hānga ana Russian.

Ko nga momo o te whakarōpū ara

Tuatahi o te katoa, kia kitea e te i roto i runga i te aha whenua e taea te whakarōpūtia rori. Tei runga i te paearu, i reira e rave rahi ngā momo o te whakarōpūtanga:

• whai;
• momo o te paninga;
• i runga i te taonga;
• piha haapiiraa;
• i te kāwai.

Kei raro, titiro tatou ki ia momo o te whakarōpū i taipitopito atu.

Ko te whakarōpū o rori whai

Tenei momo o te whakarōpū i roto i te Russian Federation tautuhi te ture e hānga ana motuhake i runga i nga rori, i whakaputaina i roto i te 2007. E ai ki a ia, wehea te ara ki rori hānga Russia,, uara ā-terenga, me te rohe rohe. Ko te tikanga ka kōrero tatou i muri mai.

rori e hānga ana Russian - huarahi ko o faufaa motu. E te pütea ratou i te pūtea e hānga ana.

rori rohe - ara ara, i raro i te mana o te mana i roto i nga rohe. E ratou rohe, rohe, me te e pūtea tohu o faufaa i te pūtea e tika ana. Ki te whakarato wāhi ki whakawhitiwhitinga waka nui, me te tahi atu whakaurunga tino te huarahi rohe, tohua te whakarōpū Russian o rori e te kuhimua A, me te era atu katoa - te kuhimua K.

rori ā-terenga mahi ki te hono whakataunga i roto i te rohe o tetahi rohe, engari i te taumata o raro o te faufaa atu i nga rori rohe, me te ake huarahi e hānga ana katoa Russia. Katoa ara intermunicipal tāutuhia e te H. kuhimua

atu rori katoa he huarahi o hiranga rohe. E mea pinepine, Ko ratou i roto i nga rohe o tetahi rohe takiwa ranei me whai uara nui hoki ia anake. Pütea i te pūtea o te kāwanatanga ā-rohe, e ngā.

Momo o rori i runga i te momo o te paninga

I roto i te hipoki huarahi katoa e wehea ki e rua ngā momo: marae pakeke, me te manawa whenua. Na te tuatahi wehea ki te maha momo uku whariki ki te kohatu faaineine, tāpa raima etc ... rori Paru e kore i pūreirei horihori.

Me kï reira e i roto i te rārangi Russian o rori e hānga ana e kore he wahi o tetahi compactor ara transportation. Ano e kore e kitea e koe i tetahi rere ara pera i roto i te auraa rohe me ā-terenga. Engari ka taea e te whakatau ratou rori rohe.

Ngā momo o te mana o rori

Na roto i te matau o te ara karere mana wehea ki motu, ā-rohe, me te tūmataiti. Ki te kore e te pātai whakatika te whakamāramatanga o te rangatira o rori motu, me te rohe, he ahua rerekē nga take tūmataiti. Na, ka taea e ratou no rānei ki tetahi whakahaere takitahi ranei. Kia mōhio, Heoi, e kore he tino noa te mahi o ara tūmataiti i Russia.

I te wa ano kia fakamamafa'i reira e kua ngā rori katoa i roto i te rārangi o ngā rārangi e hānga ana a Russia, puritia e te kāwanatanga.

piha Classification

He he ano hoki he huarahi piha whakarōpū. E ai ki a ia, wehea te huarahi ki ngā momo e toru: huanui, tiketike-tere, me te ara tikanga.

Ko te rerekētanga matua i huarahi huarahi ohie ko e kore e whakaaetia te momo tuatahi o ara uru ki te rere pereoo i runga i te huanui adjacently i runga i te taumata kotahi, i te rua o te momo ko reira taea.

I ara tikanga whakaturia te aratau tere raro atu i te runga ake e rua. Ano, i roto i te rerekē ki te huarahi, me expressways, i runga i taua rori tukua te pūtahitanga ki pahikara, motokā me te tiriti ara i roto i te manureva taua.

huarahi e hiahiatia ana huanga, me expressways - te aroaro o wha atu ranei huarahi, ia ki te whanui o te 3.75 m.

Me kï reira e i roto i ngā wāhanga ngā o tona ara taua kia whai i te piha haapiiraa rerekē.

tu'asino mōhio te reira e ngā katoa o enei momo o huarahi i roto i te rārangi o rori e hānga ana Russian, engari i roto i te huarahi huarahi rohe kua ngaro.

Road rärangi i na roto i te kāwai

Ka taea te whakaaro kāwai Road whakarōpū atu pakari e rere te piha haapiiraa.

huarahi katoa e IA kāwai, huarahi - IB, engari te ara mua kotahi wehea ki rima ngā kāwai - IC, II, III, IV me V. IC rerekē i te tahi atu ngā kāwai katoa o ara tikanga ko e titau te reira i te aroaro whakahauanga o te wehenga mo tona tohu mō te huarahi me rori faaite. Ko te tahi atu kāwai o rori momo tikanga rerekē i roto i te katoa maha o huarahi hokohoko, me o ratou ngā whānuitanga. I tua atu, pērā i ētahi atu taatou, aroturuki kāwai IV me V tukua mo te pūtahitanga ki te rerewē me te Wilkes i ara o te taumata kotahi.

rori katoa IA kāwai, arā te huarahi matua, i runga i te rārangi o rori e hānga ana a Russia.

ara e hānga ana

Na kia tango a he titiro i te mea e ara i runga i te rārangi o rori pereoo e hānga ana i roto i Russia. Kei roto te reira tino i te huarahi katoa i hono Moscow ki te pane o te tahi atu hinonga kāwanatanga, tūhono i te reira ki te pa pokapū o te Russian Federation ranei. I tua atu, i roto i te rārangi o ara hānga ana Russian kia ngā ara hono pokapū whakahaere i roto i ngā rohe rerekē, ki te he te huarahi i te hiranga motuhake. Ano i roto i tenei rārangi e ētahi wā ngā nuinga rori honotanga nui, ngā hunga e whakarato tomokanga ki te pekanga waka nui rawa ranei kōrero he uara e hānga ana, hei tauira, ki ngā tauranga nui.

Ko o faufaa ngā mo pūnaha ikiiki te whenua o rori Federal Russia.

Whakarōpū o rori hānga ana

nga rori katoa ngā i roto i te rārangi o ara hānga Russia, i to ratou ake whakarōpū motuhake. I haere te reira, me to tatou whakahaere tonu.

E wehea rori hānga Russian ki e rua ngā momo matua: ara tūmatanui, me te Pākehā.

I tua atu, i roto i te taua o rori honotanga Moscow ki pane ke pokapū rohe ranei, whakamahia te kuhimua M. hoki aua ara e hono nga pa pokapū o te rohe honi e tono kuhimua R. huarahi hānga Russia o faufaa nui rite hononga, me te whai wāhi, he taua prefixed ki A.

Rārangi o rori hānga ana ki te kuhimua M

Na kia tango a he titiro i te rārangi ano Russian rori e hānga ana. rori Federal o faufaa whānui, tūhono Moscow ki pane Pākehā me ngā pokapū ā-rohe i te ingoa e whai ake nei:

• M1 - i roto i Minsk.
• M2 - i roto i te Yalta.
• M3 - i roto i Kiev.
• M4 - Novorossiysk.
• M5 - Chelyabinsk.
• M7 - Ufa.
• M8 - ki Arkhangelsk.
• M9 - i roto i te Riga.
• M10 - i roto i te St Petersburg.
• M11 St Petersburg - Moscow (i raro i hanga).

Rārangi o rori hānga ana

Ko te rārangi o rori pereoo e hānga ana o te Russian Federation, e hono ana ki ia atu nga pa pokapū o ona kaupapa, ngā 34 ara. Ko te tino nuinga o enei ngā:

• P23 Peraruhia - St Petersburg.
• P56 Pskov - Novgorod.
• Eagle P92 - Kaluga.
• R119 Tambov - Eagle.
• P120 Peraruhia - Oryol.
• R132 Ryazan - Kaluga.
• P208, R209 Penza - Tambov.
• P216 Stavropol - Astrakhan.
• R217- "Caucasus".
• R239 Kazakhstan - Kazan.
• R298 - Kursk ara P22.
• P351 Tyumen - Yekaterinburg.
• P402 Omsk - Tyumen.
• P404 Khanty-Mansiysk - Tyumen.
• P600 Ivanovo - Kostroma.

rori Federal o te Russian Federation, e mahi rite hononga, me te whai wāhi, whai 75 ingoa. Ko te nui tino, a ko ratou e whai ake:

• Shelkovskoye A103 huanui.
• Ilinskoe A109 huanui.
• A113 Ring Road.
• A164- "Transkei".
• A181- "Scandinavie".
• A375- "Te Tai Rāwhiti".

rori Pākehā

I tua atu, i reira he huarahi e hānga ana i roto i Russia, e whai te mana o ngā ara waka Pākehā. Ko ētahi o ēnei te raina e whai ake nei:

• E18 Finland - Saint-Petersburg.
• E20 Estonia - St Petersburg.
• E22 Latvia - Ishim.
• E28 Poland - Kaliningrad - Lithuania.
• E30 Peraruhia - Omsk.
• E38 Ukraine - Voronezh - Kazakhstan.
• E40 Ukraine - Volgograd - Kazakhstan.
• E50 Ukraine - Makhachkala.
• E58 Ukraine - Rostov-i runga i-Don.
• E77 Poland - Pskov.
• E95 Saint-Petersburg - Peraruhia.
• E97 Ukraine - Georgia.
• E101 Ukraine - Moscow.
• E105 Norway - Yalta.
• E115 Novorossiysk - Yaroslavl.
• E117 Georgia - Mineralnye vody.
• E119 Moscow - Azerbaijan.
• E121 Samara - Kazakhstan.
• E123 Chelyabinsk - Kazakhstan.
• E125 Ishim - Kazakhstan.
• E127 Omsk - Kazakhstan.

He nui e kore anake te mea whakarato reira hokohoko motokā i roto i te whenua, engari ano hoki ki te whakarite i te mahi pūmau o te waka te ao enei huarahi e hānga ana Russia.

ara Āhia

I tua atu, i reira ara ao Āhia. Kua tāutuhia e te whakarōpū i te kuhimua AN. Ko Me kï reira e ara Āhia hoki whakarōpūtia te wā kotahi kuhimua M, P ko A, i runga i te mea uara homai te ara rānei.

Hei tauira, te ara R258 "Baikal" whakawhānui i Irkutsk i Chita, he wahi o te rori Āhia AN6 Peraruhia - Busan (Republic o Korea). Waihoki M10 huanui St Petersburg - Moscow (tetahi ingoa mo te ara - "Russia") he wāhanga o te huarahi Āhia AH8 Finland - Iran me i te wahi wa ano o te ara Pākehā E105 Kirkenes (Norway) - Yalta.

rori hanga

I roto i te huarahi ngā i roto i te rārangi o ara e hānga ana a Russia, kotahi anake te hanga i te kau - M11 St Petersburg - Moscow. ka waiho ki te whakaiti i te rere o waka i te huarahi M10 "Russia", e rere tata whakarara, me te hoki hono nga whakapaipai Russian rua Ko tōna mahi matua. E ai ki te mahere, ka kia utua etahi wāhanga o te aho nui-tere hou. I roto i te 2014, ka tuwhera te wāhanga tuatahi o te huarahi mō te taraiwa. I mua i whakaritea ai e te huanui ka kia tino hoatu ki te mahi i roto i te 2018, engari e tika ana ki te haere mai o te pae faarava'iraa i roto i te whenua kia rite ki taea tino e taea te neke.

I tua atu, i reira e he maha o kaupapa ngā, i, ki te whakatinana i, e kua riro te mana o ara e hānga ana. Otiia i te kau e anake ratou i te atamira whakaaro.

huru ara

Me kï reira e te nuinga o rori hānga ana he paninga pai. Ko nga ara, e te hunga kaimahi ki te mana o ngā rohe me municipalities takitahi, he rawa rerekē ratou huru. Te reira i katoa tei runga i te aha wahi o Russia e kei, a ki te nui o te moni mo to ratou hanga, me te whakahokinga mai e taea tohatoha kāwanatanga rohe.

O te akoranga, i roto i te Russian Federation, he maha rori rohe i roto i te huru tika pai, engari i reira e he maha rawaka o rere, te mana o te mea catastrophic, tono papanga hanga tonu.

Whakahaere o ara hānga ana

Kei te tukua whakahaere ara e hānga ana ki te pokohiwi o te kamupene kāwanatanga "Ratonga Road" ranei rite te kore te huaina ai, te Federal Road Agency. whakaturia tenei kamupene i roto i te tau 2004, me te he tika kaimahi ki te Tāhuhu o Transport o te Russian Federation. Mai i 2012 ki te wa hakari ko reira te matenga o Roma Viktorovich Staroviyt. "Rosavtodor" aro mātai ana te kounga o rori e hānga ana, me te e whakatau i runga i te hanga, ki te tika. Kei te whakamahere te kamupene he hōtaka o hanga o nga rori.

I tua atu, i roto i 2009, i hanga ki te taha o te whakahaere kāwanatanga "Roads Russian", te upoko o e ko S. V. Kelbah. Ko te whakahaere o te rōpū i whakawhitia ki te M1, M3 me M4.

Te tikanga rori e hānga ana

He uaua ki te pe si◊aki te hiranga o nei mo te pūnaha ikiiki o te whenua e Russian rori e hānga ana. Ko te rārangi aroaro mua fokotuu e hoatu huihuia e ratou te nui tino mo te pokapū taupori Russian Federation me te kōrero. reira he mea tino nui ki te whakarato i ō rātou ihirangi i roto i te puka pai, ārai te whakangaromanga, te tohatoha tika o te waka.

Ano, i roto i te tikanga ki te arotau i te rere o te waka huarahi, kia waiho ki te hanga atu maha o nui huanui e hānga ana, te hanga o e ai puta i roto i te heke mai e tata ana.