Lignin - he aha te mea te reira? paparetanga Lignin. Taupānga o ngā āhuatanga lignin hydrolytic

Lignin - he aha te mea te reira? ka e kore te katoa e taea ki te pahono i teie uiraa, engari ka tamata tatou ki te matau. Lignin - he taonga e ko te wahi o tino nga otaota katoa i runga i te whenua. kia hoki kia whakahuatia ano hoki reira rite wāhanga whai hua pērā i cellulose me hemicellulose.

Ko te whakaaro matua o te lignin - ko ki te whakarite tapatahi o nga taiepa oko, e neke wai me ngā matūkai rewa. He tahi Lignin me cellulose i roto i nga taiepa pūtau, faarahi i to ratou kaha. Kahore i te nui ano o te pūhui otaota katoa. kitea te nuinga o taua mea i roto i conifers, e pā ana ki 40%, engari i roto i te hōtoke - 25 anake%.

Ko te āhuatanga o te lignin

Ko tēnei rauemi Ko te waerau tūturu kowhai pouri. Ko reira i whakaritea rewakore i roto i te wai, me te whakarewa organic. Lignin - he aha te mea te reira ki te mata hanganga o te tirohanga? He whakahoki mārama ki tenei pātai e kore e mahi, no te mea, he mema o ngā tipu, kia kia nui rerekē i roto i te hanganga i te taonga.

Ki runga ki i hanga whāwehe o lignin te pararopi taonga matūkai, e whai wāhi nui i roto i te natura. kua tukatuka o te lignin i roto i te taiao kua he ope o te huakita, te harore me etahi ngārara.

Ko te painga matua o tenei rauemi, ko te e kore te mea e tika ana ki te whakaputa i whiwhi ranei. Ae, kei te tata e taea, kua pera papu e pā reira lignin ki te pūtau tipu, e tona wehenga tāwhaiwhai ko te tukanga matatini.

Te lignin, whakahekea te hanga o nei i roto i ki te rā, kahore atu atu i ururua rite mau i roto i te tukatuka penupenu. Kei te ngaro te papatipu nui o reira, engari whakanuia ana te tauhohenga.

Methods o te faatea ia lignin

kawea te tukanga o tiki te taonga i te rakau i roto i te mau opuaraa rerekē:

• ako o te āhuatanga o te mea;
• te whakatau i te nui o te lignin i ngā tipu.

E tīpakohia Methods o kaihoko tango i runga i te whakaaro o tona whakamahinga rānei. Ki te mahi atu ko ki te ako, nga tikanga o te taratahi i te pānga iti rawa taea i runga i te hanganga me te kounga o te lignin. Ahakoa reira he tata kahore taua tikanga e e kī whiwhi i te taonga tonu.

I muri i te wehenga o te lignin kei te maha poke:

• extractives i runga i paparetanga hoatu pūhui rewakore;
• hua humification o te huka;
• ranunga trudnogidrolizuemyh o polysaccharides.

Ko te tikanga e tika ana mōrahi mō te wehe o te lignin ko te hunga i raro i nei te nui nui o te taonga. I roto i tenei take, i whiwhi ai te lignin te tata noa o poke, a kite ana parekura iti.

whakaaro te tikanga nui rawa mō te ki hei waikawa pungatara, engari solyanokislotny whakamahia nui iti pinepine no o te rarua o te mahi ki te waikawa takiwa.

momo o te lignin

Ko te puna matua o te lignin ko te hanga ahumahi o te cellulose. I roto i ngā tipu rerekē e taea te whakamahi i tēnei aronga ngā hangarau production, me te reira lignin whiwhi kupu, kua reira kounga taurite me te hanganga.

I roto i te tukanga whakaputa alkali pākawa ngāwhā sulphates lignin ranei whiwhi i hanga o waikawa - sulfite.

Ko te rerekētanga i waenganui i enei momo o ia atu, te hanganga kore anake, engari ano hoki i te tikanga o te tikanga. Kei te incinerated lignin ngāwhā, ka tonoa pākati ki rokiroki i roto i ngā wāhi rokiroki motuhake.

I te paparetanga e lignin hinonga paparetanga.

Āhuatanga lignin hydrolytic

Tenei taonga paura ki te kiato o te 1.45 g / cm³. rerekē tōna tae i kirīmi marama ki ngā atarangi o parauri. Te ihirangi lignin i roto i taua rauemi e ngā i 40 ki te 80%.

He lignin Hydrolytic āhuatanga paitini, me te kaha nui mo te adsorption, e hāngai ana tenei i runga i tona whakamahi i roto i te rongoā.

Ki te rehu koe he taonga, ka maroke nei riro i te wahie, i reira kia kia he mōrea o te pahūtanga. lignin maroke i roto i parariraa E faatae mai nui moni o te wera he nui. tona pāmahana pātīmata he 195 nekehanga, me te tīmata i te pirau i te pāmahana o te 185 ° C.

taka Production lignin

Lignin i te rakau tawhiti i roto i te tikanga ki te riro a ka ana rongoā mo te momo o akoranga. A feruri i te atamira whakaora lignin:

• poroporo tītipi rakau ki te kāwanatanga, me i roto i ētahi wā, te paraoa;
• maimoatanga o te ranunga waipiro-toluene ki te maka o te extractives;
• te whakamahi o kaiwhakakökï waikawa, e ārai irava o te lignin i roto i te āhua wairewa.

I roto i te tukanga ahumahi, etahi o nga momo wairewa o te pūhui, i Nā, pure, ka maroke, ai te paura.

Taupānga o lignin hydrolytic

Ahakoa te meka i te taonga, ko te tino uaua ki te hangarua tika ki tona āhua matatini me te tapepe, he reira taea ki te whakarārangi i te rāngai rerekē te wahi whakamahia te lignin te. He te wāhanga e whai ake nei tono o te taonga:

• hanga o briquettes wahie;
• rite he kora kōhua;
• production whakaiti māngai mō etahi konganuku me te takawai;
• filler i roto i te ahumahi kirihou;
• Production o hau wahie;
• hanga o maniua;
• hanga o te waipatutaru;
• rite rauemi raw mō te hanga o te phenol, waikawameha ahetiki;
• hanga o te waro whakahohe;
• rite he sorbent mo te maimoatanga o effluents tāone, me te ahumahi;
• hanga o ngā rongoā;
• hanga o pereki, me hua uku.

Ngā take mō te hua i roto i te tono mō te lignin

paparetanga Lignin Ko te wahie pai i, ki runga ki parariraa, hua te nui nui o te pūngao. I tua atu, he tino wātea, me te whakahou i te rauemi raw mo te hanga o tenei rauemi pūngao.

Ehara i anake i roto i to tatou whenua, engari huri noa te ao tēnei wā take wā o puna pūngao rerekē. Ki te mahi i tenei, i reira e he maha o ngā take, i roto i nei e taea whakarārangi tatou te whai ake:

1. kawe Natural pūngao - waro, te hinu me te tono hau mo tona production te whakamahi i ngā tikanga rerekē o te utu. e kore e taea e tenei engari pā te whakanui ake tonu ratou uara.
2. puna pūngao e te hunga tēnei wā i roto i te whakamahi, he rauemi taiao exhaustible, na reira ka tae mai te wa, ina e tata whakamahia ake kai.
3. whakaongaongatia Production o puna o te pūngao kē e te kāwanatanga i roto i nga whenua maha.

Lignin rite wahie

Ka rite ki o tenei ra, nui noa atu te maha hei kē wahie whakamahia lignin. He aha te mea me pehea e titiro i te reira rite?

Ko te taonga, ko te otaota ki te ihirangi makuku o runga ki te 70%, e rerekē i roto i te hanganga i runga i te rauemi raw rānei. Ko te tino rite ki to ratou hanganga waro, e he maha nui o kōputaputa iti hoki kua. Ko te āhuatanga o tenei rauemi tukua ki te maka atu tona briquetting me pelletizing. Ki te te mahi nui-pēhanga i runga i te keke taua, huri i te reira ki te puranga kirihou Kaore.

Ko te pire i hanga i taua lignin, whai tohanga wera nui, engari e kore te reira e hua nui paowa. briquettes wahie me pire he rauemi-kounga tiketike, e kai ana i te rota o te wera, me te tata kore ngarahu. Ka taea te faaoti te reira e te lignin ko te rauemi raw pai mo te hanga o briquettes wahie.

Ko te whakamahi o te lignin i roto i te puka paura

Ko te taonga i roto i te āhua paura kitea e tona whakamahi hei tāpiri i roto i te hanga o te uku raima. Ko te whakamahi o te lignin hydrolyzed taea koutou ki:

• whakanui i te kaha, resistance wai me te ātete ki te hangai;
• whakaora rauemi ara-hanga;
• tino whakapai ake i te āhuatanga kaiao i roto i te wāhi i reira rongoa ururua te;
• whakahokia hua o nga whenua, e kua whakamahia i raro i te matatahi.

I roto i te rāngai ara feunga pai ki te whakamahi i lignin. He pērā e taea reira ki a koutou tino whakapai ake i te kounga o te rauemi whare Ko tōna āhuatanga. I tua atu, lignin homai te whai wāhi ki te whakakapi tāpiritanga utu nui.

pärönaki lignin

Pärönaki o te taonga he lignosulfonates, e kua hanga e e sulfite tukatuka rakau tikanga. Lignosulfonates i mahi nui, taea ratou ki te kitea to ratou tono i roto i ngā ahumahi:

• ahumahi hinu (āhuatanga faatanoraa o muds kōhao) ;
• Foundry (mahi rite i tētahi ruruku i roto i te ranunga);
• hanga o te raima;
• ahumahi hanga (rite emulsifiers i nga rare o te ara);
• rauemi raw mo te faaineineraa o te vanillin;
• ahuwhenua (ngaki ki te ārai i te horo).

lignin ngāwhā he kiato tiketike, me resistance matū. I roto i te kāwanatanga maroke - he paura parauri e memeha i te haukini, alkali, ethylene glycol, dioxins.

Ko e kore paitini, e kore mōrearea te lignin ngāwhā me te maputia i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te ahi mōrearea. Kei te whakamahia te reira:

• rite he plasticizer i te hanga o ngā tuhinga uku, raima;
• rite rauemi raw mo te hanga o kirihou me resins phenol-formaldehyde;
• rite te hono i roto i te hanga o te paperboard, pepa, me ngā rauemi e hāngai ana rakau-;
• hei tāpiri i roto i te hanga o te rapa me te taherapa.

Te reira i teie nei riro mārama pehea te whakamahi whānui lignin. He aha te mea i teie nei e kore e meinga e kore tetahi raruraru, mai e tika ana ki ona huru maitatai o tenei taonga ko te tino nui i roto i te tono i roto i te ao i teie mahana.

Medicines i runga i lignin

Ka rite ki te mea kua kite matou, te whakamahi o te lignin hydrolyzed me pea i roto i te mara hauora. Ka taea e koe te whakarārangi i te raau taero e whai ake nei i runga i taua mea:

• "Lignosorb" te tohua hoki mate o te wahi gastrointestinal, paihana kai;
• "Polifan" kua te taua kupu tohutohu e pā ana ki te tono;
• "Polyphepan" hopoi mai te tauturu no te korere me te dysbacteriosis;
• "Filtrum-STI";
• "Entegnin".

Ko te whakamahi o "Polyphepan"

Ko tētahi atu ingoa mō tenei faaineineraa - lignin paparetanga. Kei te whakaputaina te reira i roto i te puka o granules, te aukati, puehu, me pire. tarukino Herbal, kua hāngai ki runga ki lignin. Tohutohu i runga i te tono kī e he pai ahei o here microorganisms me ratou hua pūkoro tinana te tarukino.

I tua atu, i raro i te mahi o te tarukino detoxified matū paitini o te natura rerekē: konganuku taimaha, kanoirite iraruke, haukini. mauria e Lignin detoxification hydrolytic o kaiao, me te whakarato antioxidant me pānga lipid-e tukupu.

Tenei ko te rārangi roa o te whakatutukitanga te lignin! kōrero hoki te ako e tango i tenei tarukino, ka taea e koe utu mo te kore o te muka kai i roto i te whēkau, e mātātoa i whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga o te nakunaku, haerenga, microflora me te whakapai ake te mate.

Tuhinga mō te whakauru "Polyphepan" ko:

• mate gastrointestinal ma'i whakapeka ranei;
• paihana kai;
• korere;
• kakā viral;
• korara;
• dysbiosis intestinal;
• salmonellosis;
• colitis;
• mate pāwera;
• disorders o pākia i roto i te tinana ngako;
• wā whakaora i muri i hahau radiation ranei;
• raruraru gynecological: candidiasis, vaginosis.

He rārangi kaua whānui o tohu he tarukino taua, rite lignin. Tohutohu tuhipoka hoki etahi contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity ki te tarukino;
• kōroke ma'i;
• gastritis;
• mate huka.

I roto i te fariiraa lignin kia puta pānga taha: he tauhohenga pāwera kōroke ranei.

Methods mō te tono rongoā me tona inenga whakatakotoria te tākuta i runga i te matatini o te tātaritanga me te huru rānei. Tikanga whakaritea te horomanga o lignin i roto i te wiki, engari ki etahi raruraru o te roanga o te therapy taea te nui haere ki runga ki te marama.

Ecology me te lignin

hua ana tēnei taonga i roto i moni nui i roto i te tukatuka penupenu. Kei te takai i te reira i roto i puranga nui, e whai wāhi ana ki te parahanga. I tua atu, i reira he take o te ngingiha māhorahora o lignin.

Ki te rā, ko reira he take o te whakamahi taonga rite wahie, mai i muri i tona parariraa te nui nui o te ururua, e meinga kino ki te taiao. kitea e Lignin tona tono i roto i ngā ahumahi maha, na te tuatahi o te katoa he mea nui ki te whakaoti i te raruraru o te haumaru kaiao o te taiao.