Linear me tauira rārangi-kore o te kōrero

I mua i te tīpako koe te tauira taketake o kōrero, he mea e tika ana ki te matau e, i roto i te meka, he kōrero. He maha ngā whakamāramatanga o tenei tukanga, ia o nei i roto i tetahi ara ranei tetahi faaite te reira. I roto i te ngā tino whānui, ka karanga kōrero ko te utu o te mōhiohio i waenga i te iwi (me kore anake) te whakamahi i nga tohu me tohu tikanga, me te mārama. tautuhi G.Gerbner reira rite te tukanga pāpori o ngā i roto i ngā karere, ka karanga tukanga kōrero A.P.Panfilova he utu motuhake o ngā mōhiohio, i roto i te akoranga o i whakawhitia ona mema o tona ihirangi aronganui me te hinengaro. whakamāramatanga rerekē whakaarohia I.A.Richards karanga tītohunga kōrero i roto i nei te mahara o te mahi takitahi i runga i te whakaaro o tetahi, na e hoatu ana e ia ara ki te wheako rite ki tona ake.

hiahiatia Communication rite te pāhekoheko e te i runga i te aronuinga motuhake tauira ranei. Miramira i te tauira o te kōrero, he tika taua mea, te tuatahi o te katoa, kua meinga whakahua he tauira pukapuka «5W» kairangahau American G.Lassuella. Kei a ia ko e rima ngā wāhanga:

1) te puna o te mōhiohio (e ai ta);

2) te ihirangi o te mōhiohio (e ai ta);

3) te tikanga o te utu mōhiohio (reo, waehere, takere);

4) kaiwhiwhi mōhiohio Kaiwhakamahi (te tuku nei i te reira);

5) Ko te hua whakamutunga o te kōrero (te pānga whakamutunga o te mōhiohio riro).

E huaina taua tauira kōrero rārangi me te āhuatanga e tetahi-pointedness, te pānga tika i runga i te kaiwhiwhi, e puta konei anake rite te puna o te mōhiohio i roto i tetahi ara ariu ki reira. E mea pinepine i taua tauira whakahē mo te meka e whakahaua ratou i roto i te kotahi aronga anake, a e kore e tango i ki pūkete te wāhanga tino nui - te whāinga hopea o te tukanga e hiahiatia ana i roto i te tātari o tona whai huatanga. fokotu'u hoki Linear tauira kōrero Dzh.Gerbner, U.Shramm, R.O.Yakobson, K.Shennon me ētahi atu kairangahau.

Tu me te tuarua tauira kōrero rōpū. Kei roto te reira i te tauira kore-rārangi o te kōrero: pāhekoheko, mara, pāhekoheko, me ētahi atu fokotu'u tino pūtaiao Russian me philologist Bakhtin te whakaaro o te tauira dialogic o kōrero, e hāngai ana nei i runga i rua faufaa ki he mahara ki te tukanga o tenei postulate.

Tuatahi, tohu Bakhtin i e te wae rawa nui me te tino o tetahi kupu ko tona aronga, maimoatanga whakahauanga ki tetahi, e ko, te aroaro o te faaroo, i waho e kore e taea e reira e he korero.

Tuarua, e hua ana tetahi tauākī ki tikanga anake i roto i te tetahi horopaki i te tetahi wa me te wahi. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, e kore e te kupu waehere rite te tohu i tahaki tikanga tetahi, me te hanga anake tikanga i roto i te kuputuhi, te tangata pānui, ki ia pānui hou hanga he tikanga hou o te kupu. pānui i ia hou whakarongo ki te hanga i tō ake kuputuhi ranei.

Kei te uiui kore-rārangi tauira pāhekoheko o kōrero te "tuku raraunga" wā iho. whakapono kairangahau Chili U.Maturana e tenei wā anake e pā ana ki te whakatika i roto i te akoranga o te kōrero tahi ko nui atu iti iho ranei i te māramatanga rite o te tahi mea te tuatoru, te kore, e kore te mea te reira te mea i ratou i roto i te ngakau, i ia o nga kaiuru i roto i te tukanga.

kaihaumanu Gestalt ka pā ana ki te manawanui me te māramatanga o tona kōrero he mara ariā. Ko tetahi whakamārama e hipoki ana i te pātai o te manawanui anga te kaihaumanu, ratou pā ana ki tahi e te tahi ei mau melo o te taunekeneke kōrero, me te pā ana ki te kupu puaki i te hi'oraa o te mau iteraa ora whaiaro o ia. Ko tenei whakamārama o te whānui, kūpapa. E tauturu te reira ki te karo i te mau hape i roto i te pāhekoheko me te whakatutuki i te hua e hiahiatia ana i roto i te mahi whakaora, i te noa'tu o te whai wāhi rerekē i roto i te wheako tuakiri o te kōrero pāhekoheko.

Tauira o te kōrero papatipu e wehea ano ki rārangi, me te pāhekoheko. E kitea rerekētanga i roto i te tawhā taketake o te tukanga kōrero. Na, ki te mea ko nga puna o te kōrero waenga tāngata utuafare, noho tata me hoa i roto i te pāpāho - he pāpori pūtahi katoa. kōrero Interpersonal he mata ki te mata, me te papatipu - mā ngā takere hangarau, ai i tawhiti mamao. I te pae hopea, i roto i te kōrero pāhekoheko e taea te kite kōrero tika tika i waenganui i ngā kaiuru, ka kite i te whakautu ora ki reira, a kahore he tika, autaki roa i kōrero papatipu ranei te hononga taua.