Lōpoti humanoid: whakaahua me te Hangarau

Neke atu i te nga tekau tau o mua, ngā mono i ahumahi whakaaro cybernetic tangata ki ahumahi mōrearea, i tuhia ai, me te taimaha. I roto i te heke mai tata kaupapa roha o androids ratonga. lōpoti humanoid ka atawhai te tangata noho i te mahi o ngā take kāinga, ka whai wāhi i roto i te tiaki o te kaumātua, tamariki hauā akoranga.

Ko te Momo tuatahi

I roto i te 1639, ka anga reira nui atu i rua wehe rau tau o Hapani i te toenga o te ao. Ki te hokohoko i roto i te tauranga o Nagasaki i tukua ki te kaihokohoko torutoru i Holland ko Haina, tuku i te ahurea Japanese ahurei ki te whakawhanake i tona ara ake, kahore tetahi mana ki waho. Ko te ata o nga tare haere mai i roto i tenei wā, "Karakuri".

I roto i te meka, ko te lōpoti humanoid tuatahi ki clockwork tenei, ahakoa peia etahi tauira tāwāhi i te mamaoa, te wai onepu he maha ranei. whakangahau Dolls iwi i roto i hakari tūmatanui, koa rongonui nui i roto i mau utuafare taonga.

Hiahia i roto i te pūrere ā-"Karakuri" ko raweke, ka kua te waho kua aro rite nui rite te huarahi puku utua.

Hangarau me te Psychology

whakaturia Japanese lōpoti humanoid te pere whānui o te whanaketanga o ngā pūrere cybernetic ki ngā huri noa te ao. Te fifi matua i roto i te hanga pūnaha anthropomorphic - te hiahia mō te rangahau maha-faatitiaifaroraa. kia mahi i te mahi pümau, whakariterite, Engineers kore anake, me hötaka, pāngarau me physicists, engari ano hoki kaimātai hinengaro, sociologists me hītori.

Ko feruri kahore mana'o te tangata. A mo te tauira integrated, i roto i te tua ki te "taputapu" me te pūmanawa he pūnaha anthropomorphic rawa nui te toru wae - kare. Ko e pā ana tata ki te fakaetangata Research i roto i tenei rohe e whai wāhi pūtaiao motuhake - karetao pāpori me te robopsihologiya.

lōpoti humanoid, anake te kaha ki te whakatau i te kaupapa hangarau ohie, me riro mātauranga horihori, te ako-whaiaro, me te urutaunga.

He aha e taea e te phi?

lōpoti humanoid ako ngaio me ngā pūkenga hou ki te taunekeneke ki te tangata. Ko te faahiahia tino ko te angitu i roto i te whanaketanga o te umanga e whai ake nei:

• Hekeretari. Android te oha atu manuhiri, kōrero e pā ana ki ngā ratonga o te kamupene o te hua ranei.
• Waiter. Ko te karetao e te tikanga (-waha mā mata pa ranei), whakawhiti te mōhiohio ki te kīhini, rihi, me homai titau nei te kiritaki (me e kore e rapua e te matamata!). whakamahi Robokafe i roto i South Korea tino hira.
• Ārahi. Ārahi. whakaahua ana ia i roto i te taipitopito e pā ana ki te whakaaturanga, nga whakaatu.
• Kaiako. Kaitiaki. Tino whai hua mō ngā tamariki e ako ana mamao i runga i te hōtaka takitahi.
• Cosmonaut. I te iti rawa, i reira e rua tauira ngā: "Japanese" KIROBO me "American" Robonaut 2. A, ki te te hangaia te tuatahi anake hoki kōrero ki te waka (whakaahua, karere), te muri e taea ki te mahi i autonomously mahi hangarau matatini i roto i te wāhi.

toa anthropomorphic

brainchild Favorite o pakimaero pūtaiao riro mooni. lōpoti motuhake Military mo te wa roa angitu me te rangatira i roto i te United States. Heoi, kia tae mai ra te reira ki te pūnaha whawhai aunoa, pai-whakapumautia ratou i roto i ngā mahi i roto i Iraq ko Afghanistan. pai fekuki taua whakaaro ki te maramarama, me te engineering raruraru.

Fighting lōpoti humanoid no o te utu tino nui te tīariari i roto i kape kotahi rite tauira whakaaturanga. Hei tauira, i whakamätauria phi Method1, faaite e te ngā Korean. taea ki te neke ana ringa, ka neke a tawhio noa, mimicking nga nekehanga o te operator Walker ko. He karetao humanoid nui he teitei o 4 mita me te taimaha o 1.5 taranata.

More rahi tano he phi Russian, engari te mea nui atu taumahinga: pītara shooting, mana ATV, tiaki hauora. takatū i te karetao te i te tauira mua SAR-401 ( "hangarau Androidnye" NGO) mo te putanga hōia o te mahi i hanga mo nga hiahia o te kaporeihana "Roscosmos".

iho Japanese

Hiroshi Ishiguro - he orometua whare wānanga o te pa Japanese o Osaka, me te Institute mo Technology Arā i Kyoto - riro te ao rongo i roto i 2006, te aroaro ki te iwi whānui tona tārua tangohia cybernetic - dzheminoida HI-1 (HI-1 Geminoid). He maha nui o pūoko me motors te haapa'oraa i taea te anthropomorphic whakatau kore tohu anake, engari kīanga kanohi tauira. tauira muri (HI-2: F: HI-4: Q1) e noa atu kiko. I roto i te meka, te lōpoti tino humanoid - he karetao whakahaeretia e te kaiwhakahaere mā te atanga ahokore.

E ai ki te ahorangi, he ahua tata whiwhi nui māmā atu i ki te whakaako i te phi ki te whakaaro rite te tangata, me te hanga i to ratou ake whakatau. E Hiroshi Ishiguro lōpoti whutupaoro o schematically anake rite te tangata, engari te pōro ko, a ka tata te tūranga o te kuwaha, tonoa ia tika i runga i te pukupuku. kapa "Iron" Ishiguro - rima-wā toa ao robofutbolu.

humanoid ahakoa i China

Tenei mea ataahua i huaina Jia Jia. E rerengia ana roma huruhuru mangu o te kakahu Hainamana tuku iho. Ataata, e tautoko ia i te kōrero ohie taea ki te whakatere i te wāhi ko te, a tae noa flirts ki nga tangata. He ona pā huri noa te ao, nei Nō ia "karetao-atua."

Jia Jia - phi tuatahi o Haina, hanga e Engineers i te University o Pūtaiao me te Hangarau (Hefei, Haina). Hei whakawhanake ka mau tauira me te pūmanawa whakahaere motuhake e pā ana ki toru nga tau, a ka he te reira tonu matara atu i tino. fakapapau'i rangatira Project Chen Xiaoping e nga kau muimui o "atua" kua he heke mai nui. Lōpoti ki matatau AI e titiro atu ki roto i ngā hōhipera, mau fare te u, ki te mahi i mahi ohie wharekai.

lōpoti humanoid Pākehā

I roto i te Ao Tahito e hanga, ka tino rite i roto i te kaupapa ROBOSKIN pūnaha humanoid. Ko te tauira tino rongonui Caspar ko iCub, he iti. Tuatahi whakawhanakehia i te University o Hertfordshire (UK) me te hangaia ki te kōrero me te whakaako tamariki i roto i te ara ngahau. Tauhohenga Caspar ki te pa, e tika ana ki te kiri horihori pūoko tairongo kia rerekē, me te tei runga i te kaha whakapā tūturu. I roto i te karetao tickling ngawari whakapuaki utu i te pana kaha amuamu o te mamae.

tinana karetao iCub (Italian Institute o Technology, Genoa) kua 53 nga nekehanga o te haere noa, e hua ana hoki mīhini phi i te pa. rite te tamaiti titiro reira 4 - 5 tau. Ka taea e ngokingoki, rāwekeweke taonga, whakatere te whenua.

US Order State

e kore e humanoid PETMAN (kaituhi o te kaupapa R. Pleyter, Boston Dinamics) faaite i tetahi kare i te katoa, mo te take kuware e kua ia kahore matenga. I hanga te reira e te tikanga kāwanatanga ki whakamatautau te kounga me te whakamātautau o te tiaki whakawa. Ko te karetao kua he tangata toharite tawhā: te tiketike o 1.75 m e ata 80 kg. pahono PETMAN ki faaohipa. E haere a koringa mata ki manawa ake auau, nui haere te pāmahana tinana, a tae noa sweating.

taea ki te mahi i mahi ohie te karetao ko: ae whakawiria ana i te patunga witi, piko, ngoki, me ētahi atu I roto i ano whakamahia hei pūkaha me te pūnaha waipēhi o taura-taura ... Ngā fafau e i roto i te heke mai tata ka hanga he karetao humanoid ki supply pūngao motuhake.

I roto i te 2014, i te aroaro e rua tauira hou o Atlas ko cheetah ki taumahinga nui me te nekeneke, engari ka herea tonu ki te pūtake mana waho.

Kei te haere mai i te revolution?

Ahorangi Masha vardı (Computer Engineering, University Rice, Houston, USA) tohe e reira he kore rohe mo te aunoatanga o mihini, me te pae hopea e riro te rota mātau me te ake tino tangata. Katoa tau atu me te ake rongonui, ki te kahore te aroha, koa puta noa i nga lōpoti humanoid ao. Kei te whiwhi Photos me ngā ataata i runga i te Tukutuku milioni o whakaaro, a ano te roha haamouraa o te lōpoti taea nui ake i te wahi o te koremahi. I roto i te rōpū o ngaio mōrea me tūranga e taea te tahuri ki waehere ā-rua: ngā Telecom me wā, cashiers me etahi atu.

Na te runga pai 5 lōpoti tohu humanoid:

1. GEMINOID-F - kotiro karetao (Hapani). tārua humanoid o Ahorangi Ishiguro. Ko te taea ki te kōrero, ki te ataata, ki te whakapuaki i ngā i te papatae katoa o kare, me te ara waiata ia. takaro ia e rave rahi tūranga i roto i te whare tapere.
2. ASIMO - phi (Honda, Japan). I roto i te täoro - rere, upooti'araa o pikitanga, tākaro whutupaoro. He he matatini pūnaha moemoea mīhini me te whatunga pūoko tohaina. Taea ki te whakatuwhera i te pounamu me te riringi i te tirotiro o te mōhiti.
3. Ro-Boy - humanoid (Federal Institute o Technology, Zurich, Switzerland), wahi katoa o e whakarato he tikanga mo 3D-tā.
4. FACE (Italy) - te aronganui tino o te karetao Pākehā. 32 Puku hanga e tino pūkoro nga uaua o te tinana, me te mata.
5. Alice ( "Neyrobotiks", Russia) - te phi Russian tino kiko. te mana 8 actuators te ki te Gamepad.