Mahere hinengaro: ariā, rangahau, rawa

He aha te mea he mahere hinengaro, pehea taua mea te uiui aha te āhuatanga i reira me te tūranga takaro i roto i te ora hinengaro o te tangata - o tenei tuhinga.

He aha te mea he mahere hinengaro?

Te tangata, ka huri ki te ao, kaha faafariu reira, ka whakawhanake i roto i a ratou ano i te mau huru faufaa me whanonga e ka āwhina i ki a ia kia angitu. Mea katoa te tupu e, he aha ngā taunekeneke i waenganui kaupapa me e liliu ia, hoko i te pūtake mo te ahua o ana whakapakoko o te taiao mokowā. Tenei whakapakoko Ko te mahere hinengaro. Ka rite ki te tangata ia ia, whakaatu te mahere te tuakiri, me te ahurei ki tona tūranga me te tūranga whanaunga o ngā i roto i te pikitia.

Mahere hinengaro (ranei kaupapa hinengaro) kua ona taunga mokowā (ake, ki raro, me te pera i runga i. D.) I roto i te e kua whakaritea tūemi. Map o faufaa nui ki te tangata, tuku ki a ia te whakatere i te wāhi, ki te whakarite i ngā whāinga, me te whakatutuki i ratou. mahi Practical o te tangata e kia tino uaua ranei ara taea kahore whakaatu i te āhuatanga i roto i nei mahi reira.

ngā mahere hinengaro e kore anake i roto i ngā pakeke ki te kupu matatau me te kaha ki te whaiaro kitea-. tamariki Young rite rangahau noho taea te whakatere i te reira, kahore āwhina. E kore noa ko te kounga tūturu i roto i te kararehe i i whakatuwheratia i roto i te akoranga o te mahi whakamātautau ki te kaimātai hinengaro.

Ko te takenga mai o te ariā

I te whakaaro te ariā o "mahere hinengaro" i te kaimātai hinengaro American E. Tolman. tupu tenei i roto i te mutunga o 40-doma o XX rautau. I roto i tona mahi "mahere hinengaro i roto i kiore me te tangata," i tuhia e ia nga hua o te rangahau i oti rawa ki tenei āhuatanga. Ko te kupu, tuhia te kaimātai hinengaro e kua whakanohoia te kiore i roto i te pakari me te kua kitea he ara i ki te whangai, ka taea e faahiti i te ara ano i te kaukau. Ko te kupu, mahi ratou rite ki te mahere ā-, tauira waka.

Ngā tenei kaupapa i roto i taata farii ki te konä, i runga i te pūtake o te wheako o mua. Kei a ia ko nga ara, nga hononga o nga āhuatanga o te taiao, e pā atu whanonga tangata ranei kararehe. Ngā kairangahau whakapono e i roto i te kiore whakamātautau i hanga e tauira, nga āhuatanga e pā ana-pūnaha, pai atu i te tamau aau noa he mekameka o ngā mahi e tika ana. Hei waihanga i tētahi orotahi hinengaro o kāri tinana, Tolman e whakaarohia ki te kati koutou kanohi, me te whakaaro e hia matapihi i reira he tetahi he ruma.

kia mohio ki Maps Tolman ariā rite te tika, te kupu whakarite, a ki te wehewehe ratou i pūnaha tohu i hanga e te tangata, e pai ai ia.

Ētahi kōrero o te ako

Kua whakaaturia Studies etahi ngā āhuatanga i roto i te hanganga o ngā mahere hinengaro:

• hehema ki pe si◊aki tawhiti maheni, me te haafaufaa ore mohiotia ruarua;
• hehema ki tika ara paku kopikopiko;
• haafifi i ki huarahi whiti te ara ki te hāngai.

Taua distortions, hei tauira, arahi ki te meka e te tawhiti i waenganui i takiwa i roto i te whenua te mea iti atu i waenganui i ngā kei roto i nga whenua rerekē. Ahakoa, ki te he rite te tawhiti i waenganui i a ratou.

ariā hinengaro

Theory me mahi o te mātai hinengaro hinengaro, e ngā hinengaro mahere ariā Tolman, hei aronga motuhake i roto i te hinengaro puta i roto i nga te 60raa o te rau tau whakamutunga. roa- World o whakawhetai Psychology ki tenei whakaako i te matauranga e te ngakau - he huinga o hinengaro (hinengaro) ngā mahi. Kei te mahi ngā kaimātai hinengaro me pūtaiao hinengaro nei i runga i te ako o hinengaro tukanga hinengaro (whakaaro, perception, whakarongo, me ētahi atu).

ariā hinengaro he tona huarahi rangahau me te mahi o te therapy. Ko te kupu, kaihaumanu hinengaro whakapono e tukanga haamou katoa hinengaro i roto i te tangata puta tika ana ki maumaui o nga tukanga o te ako me te kitea-whaiaro. Hei tauira, he tangata taitaia, whakautu i ngā pātai: "? Ko wai ahau ahau", "? He aha te mea toku heke mai", ka hoatu he rawa fakatu'atamaki, urupare whaiaro-deprecating. Na reira ka mahi cognitivist ki a ratou kia hāngai ana fakatonutonu tauira whakaaro taua e pā āhua aronganui o te manawanui.

Tauira o ngā mahere hinengaro

Ko te ariā o ngā mahere hinengaro i roto i rua o ratou ahua:

• ara kāri rite te ara motuhake titoa o tūemi whai, me ngā tūemi e pā ana;
• mahere-whakaatu rite te whakaaturanga tukutahi o ngā ngā i roto i te wāhi.

Ki te whanaketanga o te iwi whakapai ake ratou mahere hinengaro, e āwhina ki reira kohikohi, taonga me te whakaputa uri i te mōhiohio i runga i te whakaritenga mokowā o mea. Taua tukanga He pūtaiao paanga i roto i tikanga maha rite ngā mahere hinengaro i roto i te tikanga whakahaeretia e te whakaaro o te tangata, me te, i roto i te meka, he te taua ratou.

Ko te tauira tino a Tūrongo, o te "mahi" mahere hinengaro ko te haere huarahi e kore e waiho i runga i te ara o te mahere, me te wāhi tohutoro ā-. I roto i tenei take, e te manene i roto i to koutou ngakau koutou hōtaka, e hāngai ana i runga i etahi wahi fakangalongata'a o te ao i waho (rakau, tohu, pānui, me ētahi atu). Na roto i tenei tukanga, ara i muri i te wa e taea te tangata "kite" haere te ara, me ona āhuatanga.