Matatini "Būk M2": ngā whakaritenga hangarau, whakaahua

"Būk M2" Ko te ao anti-rererangi pere matatini, te tikanga hoki te tiaki i te hōia, me ngā whenua i aro rangi, tae atu korero ki missiles ipu. mohiotia SAM te i roto i te fakahokohoko ao rite 9K317. E ai ki te matatini whakarōpū American tohua SA-17 Grizzly noa ranei "Grizzly-17."

History o hanga

I te tīmatanga whakahaere he polemic i runga i te whanaketanga o te kaupapa 9K37 anake, engari ki te putanga ake kaha whakaarohia nga Engineers hōia i runga i te wā. Ratou whāinga i ki te hinga ki runga ki te 24 ngā wā kotahi. Kaupapa "Būk M2" (ka taea te kite i whakaahua o te matatini i roto i tenei tuhinga), i homai te tīmatanga. I roto i te tuatahi o nga tau o te whanaketanga o kaihoahoa Russian whakahaere ki te whakatutuki i ngā hua mīharo. rererangi Kia ira F-15 maitai mō ngāwari ūnga 9K317 noa i te tawhiti o te 40 km. Range missiles hinga ipu nui haere ki te 26 km.

Ko tētahi o nga painga matua o te matatini ko te wa o te whakamahinga me te pupuhi. Ko te ahua tuatahi 5 anake meneti me te tere o te ahi - 4 hēkona mō te kotahi tītere i te tere ki runga ki te 1100 m / s. I tangohia tonu tenei matatini i te Soviet Union. Otiia, mai te timatanga o nga 1990, i mutu i te hanga whānui e tika ana ki te āhuatanga ōhanga uaua i roto i te whenua i muri i te parariraa o te USSR. I roto i te 2008, piri SAM te korero rangi Russian.

āhuatanga whanaketanga

Matatini "Būk M2" Ko tino pūkoro me te pūkenga SAM ki te whānuitanga toharite o pāpaka. Kei te hangaia te reira ki te whakangaro whakaurunga rautaki me te whawhai rererangi (manureva, topatopa, missiles me ētahi atu taonga aerodynamic). taea ki te te tu atu te ope hoariri, ara ki te whakaeke ahi tonu 9K317 he.

Ko te kaiwhakawhanake matua o te mīhini ru ko te kaihoahoa pai-mohiotia E. Research Institute o Instrument Pigin. I raro i tona kaiārahi, kua riro SAM te whakatinanatanga motuhake o te kaupapa. tikanga whanaketanga mua o te matatini i ki wāhanga whakakapi kāore mo te whakamahi o ngā pūnaha rangi korero pūkoro "Cube". Ko te rerekētanga tefito i te "Būk M1" ko te whakataki o nga missiles BC 9M317 ao hou.

Hoki te wa roa, tauira M2 noho kahore whakarerekē. Ko ngā whakapaitanga anake i roto i te 2008, kua pehia te matatini. Āta timata ki te puta rerekētanga kaweake ki te pukapuka "E" i te mutunga o te codification.

āhuatanga mahinga

Tapeke taimaha o te mīhini whawhai ko 35.5 tana. I roto i tenei take, iti te waka e ki noa 3 iwi. Kapi katoa ana te matatini e ki patu Bulletproof. E ai ki te TTC "Būk M2" i roto i te wahi tuatahi, rerekē te kaha pūkaha, e hanga 710 hp hanga tenei taea reira ki te haere i kīia o 45 km / h mo nga whenua taratara. Transport wahi he wira ranei, he moka huriaro.

Ohorere i te "Būk M2" āhuatanga o te taputapu whawhai. Ka taea e SAM ahi rite te ngā whakahaere, me te takitahi. I roto i tahuri, i te pou whakahau mo te torutoru raraunga hēkona tukatuka i runga i te āhuatanga rangi e rua i runga i 50 whāinga. Kite me te tāutu o hua teihana motuhake SoC, RPN ko SDA.

A, no te tino utaina SAM 24 whakarato te pupuhi tetahi-wā o ngā rere i altitudes i 150 m ki te 25 km. patua Range ngā taumata i te tere o te 830 m / s ki runga ki te 40 km i te 300 m / s - 50 km. ngāwari e taea te whāpāharehia ballistic me ipu missiles i te tawhiti o te 20 000 m.

Ko tētahi o nga painga o te matatini ko te tika ru. Tūponotanga o hinga o rererangi ko 95%, tākirirangi - 80% o waka topatopa marama - 40%. tuhia SAM me te wā urupare - noa 10 hēkona. Ka taea e Mai i te tikanga ārai wehewehe pihi aerosol, pūoko taiaho me te irradiation ngā mata.

Kōrero i waenganui i teihana whakaratohia SAM e te rārangi e rua-waea tohu irirangi ranei.

whai wāhi Āhuatanga ngā taumata

SAM "Būk M2" ahei o neutralizing taonga rererangi kino neke ka kīia e ki runga, ki te 830 m / s. Heoi, kia rite ki ngā tohunga, he tino pea ko 420 m / s te tohu pai o te whara. Na i runga i te paepae tere iti, rerekē te reira i roto i 48-50 m / s. Ko te tauira ake o te matatini 2008 tuku integrated pahū kete, nehenehe o whakangaro missiles ballistic rere ka kīia e ki runga, ki te 1200 m / s.

He āhuatanga nui ko te tāutu o te whakaeke o te hoariri. Ko te kupu "Būk M2" kia tautuhi wāhi mata huritao o te rererangi i te Q2. m, tākirirangi -. 0.05 sq. m.

I roto i nekeneke taea ki te patu i te SAM aerodynamic 10 wae.

Whawhai & Tactical tikanga

Ko te pātengi raraunga oti ko te kotahi 3S510 whakahau pou, te tauwhāiti teihana me te ūnga te hopu codification 9S18M1-3, i 4 ki te 6 hou hihiani arata'iraa me māramatanga 9S36, ki runga ki te 6 kete whaiaro-tīhokatia drum 9A317, 6 12 tīmata-ake ka tohutohutia pūnaha 9A316 ranei. whakawhiwhia aro motuhake te antiaircraft arahina pere raupapa 9M317.

Ko te "Būk M2" whakarato te taea o te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga percussion i runga i te SDA, te ROM me te changer tap. whakarato rātou i te ahi poihau 4 i te tiketike o te tanga ahanoa ake ki te 20 m roto i te whakaminenga turanga me te kaweake taua SAM 2 Ko te wāhanga ki te putanga ake -. 4.

titau tūranga Huria kāinga iti iho i te 20 hēkona. I tenei wa, rerekē ia o te hihiko wāhanga i te 5 ki te 15 meneti.

firepower

9M317 pere Ko te patu tino paoro SAM "Būk M2". He missiles faka'auha ko 50 km. I roto i tenei take, he ahei o whakangaro te ūnga, kare i roto i te rangi i te teitei o 25 km te pere. Ko te tāutanga o te pūnaha mana inertial integrated ki āhua-hohe hihiani whāhoki putanga 9E420. Pere ano he papatipu o 715 kg. Ko te tere rere o 1230 m / s. parirau tae 0,86 m. hipokina Tuhinga te pūtoro o 17 m.

Ko te matatini ngā te 9A317 tāutanga, me te moka. āhei te reira ki a koutou oioi kitea, tautuhi, me te aroturuki i te rangi mo te whakaaro. I muri i te tātaritanga o te momo o te rererangi 9A317 hanga he mahi hinga whakatau me hanga te whakarewatanga pere. I roto i te rere, whakarato te tāutanga kore anake te whakawhitinga o ngā kapa warhead, engari aromatawai hoki nga hua whakaeke-mua. Ka taea te kawea te ahi i roto i autonomously i roto i te rängai i homai hei wāhanga o SAM i muri i te tauwhāiti i te ūnga i te pou whakahau ranei.

Tikanga teihana hihiani 9A317 kua he pūihi ngohi poua, me te irahiko kurupae matawai. Ka taea e kitea te reira i ngā taumata i te tawhiti o te 20 km i te koki nekeneke ake ki 70 nekehanga. Wä, te teihana 10 Ko te ahei o ngā matawai. kia whakahaere pū i runga i te ngā taumata matua teitei 4. I whakaturia ano e te rawa ki te pūnaha whatu, me he ngohi o takere pouaka whakaata. Tenei taea ki a koe te aroturuki i te pïra e i raro i tetahi tikanga āhuarangi me Radio Auautanga Te awenga. Tikanga e ata 35 tana. I roto i te taputapu whawhai - 4 missiles.

hāngai ana i mua-peihana 9A316 pūnaha kei i runga i te tahuhu aroturukihia. I roto i ngā waka e tōia ai i runga i te tauaru moana. Ko tōna taimaha 38 taranata. Ko te mōkihi ngā 8 launchers pere. rite rawa te pūnaha i te pūrere āhua-aunoa.

whakahaere me te aroturuki taputapu

Ko faufaa i roto i te 9S510 whakahau pou codification SAM. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te GM597 raupapa huriaro aroturukihia. Transportation runga i tawhiti kawea tarakihana KrAZ tura'ihia ai tauaru. KP tavini 60 ūnga wae. whakawakia Max take - ki te 36. Ko te hanganga o te tūemi 6 ngā te wāhanga mana, te wā tauhohenga e rerekē i roto i te 2 hēkona. Ko 9S510 taimaha 30 toni ka tino utaina. Kei te waka o 6 tangata.

Hihiani 9S36 āhuatanga maranga ki te teitei o 22 m whakaminenga pūihi e whakarato ana i te wāhi me te tāutu take ara i roto i te raau. hāngai RLS te i runga i te matawai hiko ki te ngohi poua. oho te teihana ki te crawler. Haurapa o ngā taumata kia ngā ake ki te 120 km. E tano ia tapao pūtoro tautoko - ki runga ki te 35 km. aroturuki tukutahi o ngā 10 i te tere hau o 32 m / s. kaha Crew - ki runga ki te 4 iwi.

9S18M1-3 hihiani Ko te arotake wae ngā henemita 3-taururuku pini-pipiri. hāngai te reira i runga i te matawai kurupae hiko poutū. hangaia Hihiani te ki ako i te pïra e. Kua tuku tonu nga raraunga whiwhi i runga i te wahi telecode whakahau rārangi mō te tukatuka muri. He pūihi ki te waveguide poua ngohi. take rapunga Azimuth - 360 nekehanga i te tawhiti o 160 km. hāngai tāutatanga te i runga i te tahuhu aroturukihia. Taumaha - 30 toni.

Taupānga me Opportunities

E nehenehe o te whakaputa aro kaha i runga i tiketike-tere warheads unmanned i te maha ngā tohutohu Modern 9K317. whakautu matatini taua paearu nui pērā i te nekeneke, rehe, mahi ahi, tauhohe inamata, te rerekētanga o te whakaeke, rapunga motuhake me ngā pūnaha ārai.

Nuinga o ngā wā, whakamahia SAM te ki te tiaki i ngā pae nui rawa, me nga wahi o te wāhi o ngā hōia. taea ki te whakaoti te whānuitanga o ngā mahi ngā 9K317 he. hanga tenei mahuinga ia te reira i roto i te tūhura te patu i te hoariri i te rangi tae noa ki altitudes tino iti ranei.

Ko te mahi SAM ko ki te pupuri i ngā taumata hoariri i te tawhiti mōrahi ki ngā tiakina, te karo whakararu, tātari mōrea, te hanga o te hātepe o te whakaeke taea, me ētahi atu

Whakatauritea whakamohoatanga

i hoatu putanga o "Būk M1" ki te taviniraa i roto i te 1982. SAM taea kopere iho rererangi ki runga ki te 60%, missiles ipu ALCM - ki runga ki te 40%, waka topatopa - ki runga ki te 30%. I maoro ki te whai wāhi te haukoti warheads ballistic. I roto i te akoranga o te whakaoti i te 9M317 tāutanga i whakaurua ai i roto i 1993. Hoki te wa roa, noho uaua ki te wāhi hōia ao M1 waka.

Me hoatu te putanga hōu o SAM "Būk M3" ki mahi tae noa ki te ngahuru o 2015. I muri i te angitu o te tauira M2 i te ao te ao, kua tohaina te kāwanatanga Russian he moni a tawhio mo te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa ake. E tika ana e ki te "Būk M3" e taea ki te patu i 36 ngā taumata ki Tarahihi me i te tere o te 3000 m / s. Ka rerekē ngā rapunga ki runga ki te 70 km. ka waiho enei hua whakawhetai taea ki te tāutanga o te tīmatanga whakahoutia 9M317M a ake GOS.

Kawemai putanga

I runga i te ringa Russian ko e pā ana ki 300 tauira M2 SAM. hāngai ana te nuinga o ratou e i runga i taparau "alkynyl" me "Kapustin Yar".

Ko te tokomaha rawa o te kaweake "Būk M2E" kei roto i te whakaritenga o Hiria. I roto i te 2011, i tukua te rohe ope 19 complexes i Russia.

I roto i Venezuela, i runga i te toenga o te 2 SAM. Kia pehea te maha complexes i Azerbaijan, Ukraine ko Iraq he unknown.