Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov: ngā meka e pā ana ki te ora, mahi

I teie mahana kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te taua i tenei ra rongonui, me te tino rongonui, kaituhi Russian Mikhail Bulgakov. meka Interesting i te ora o te kaituhi, me te te āhuatanga o tona mahi, me etahi rā haurongo ka hei te arotahi o tēnei tuhinga.

He bit o haurongo

kore te ora o te kaituhi i taa tamau. Teie mahana Mikhail Bulgakov taea titiro rite te tangata rawakore, engari whiwhi taonga apopo, te fariuraa e te haamau'araa i te moni i runga i hoa pai.

He ko he pōhēhē e whiriwhiria Bulgakov te ara o te kaituhi ngā mutunga - ki te 30 tau anake. Heoi, ko tenei tauākī tawhiti i te pono. Tuhia tīmata wawe rawa te kaituhi. Kei te mohiotia te reira e pā ana ki te tuatahi o ana mahi "te Adventures o Svetlana", i tuhituhia i roto i te 7 tau. I te tahi atu te ringa, ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te tuhi rite te mahi tonu i-parirau, ka, o te akoranga, ka puta mai Bulgakov ki tenei i kotahi. Me kore tatou e wareware i kua i te whakapai taketake Bulgakov kua pā ana ki rongoa. Mau, kihai i waiho e ia mahi hauora, me te i muri i meinga e ia te kaituhi rongonui.

puta Bulgakov i te Medical University i 1916, i muri i nei haere te tohatoha ki Smolensk, ki te wahi o te tākuta rohe. I haere tahi ia i tana wahine Tatiana. I runga anō i te pukapuka o aua tau, kua oti te tuhituhi te kaituhi i te raupapa o ngā kōrero, "Notes o te kuao tākuta."

Otiia e kore e pera prosaic rite te mea ai reira, ko te ara e ko Bulgakov. meka Interesting i te ora o te kaituhi, e tapaea tatou i raro, tukua kia kite i tenei.

Āhuatanga toi

I roto i te 1920 mahi o Bulgakov tango faahaparaa rawa kino. Te nuinga e tika ana ki te meka e kihai i tautoko te kaituhi nga whakaaro Soviet ka waiata te tikanga hou. Hei tauira, e kore te te tākaro "Flight" hoatu i runga i te atamira, rite huaina fakaangá reira anti-Soviet.

Ko te kaituhi kua whakaaturia nuitia e te revolution hiahia kukuwhatanga. Ehara i Koinei, te Whare Bulgakov toutou rapu i te NKVD, a ka whakatoia te kaituhi o tata katoa tona ora.

Sale wairua

whakakitea e ia etahi moni i roto i katoa o ngā kaupapa ita i roto i te pūrākau me te tuhinga Bulgakov. meka Interesting i te ora o te kaituhi ngā te kau, i te mīharo ia e te opera "Faust". ko Bulgakov e rave rahi taime i te mahi i te Bolshoi Theatre. he ahua o te hero rawa pai te kaituhi o Faust, me te hoko e pā ana o te mana'o turai o te wairua.

I maoro i takoha Bulgakov ki whakaae ki te mana'o tauturu o Stalin - tuhituhi whakakororia tona tākaro. I muri i taua, timata Mr Mikhail ki whakarite ratou ki Faust - ano ia i ki "hoko tona wairua ki te rewera."

pūāhua ngaro

Ko te tangata rawa i rawe ki Bulgakov (meka ngā faaite ki tenei). Hei tauira, i roto i te tau 1937 i hiahiatia etahi kaituhi ki te tuku i te maha o whakaari e pā ana ki te huritau o te mate o A. S. Pushkina. Bulgakov ko tetahi o aua kaituhi, ka te aroaro ano hoki tona tākaro, e tika ai i te reira "Alexander Pushkin". Otiia he aha i reira i te ohorere o te whakarongo, ina runga atamira, me te kore i puta mai protagonist.

whakaaro Bulgakov e e waiho reira whakaatu akeake, me te ino i runga i te kaiwhakaari atamira, kakahu i roto i ngā kākahu o te kaituhi nui Russian. Na reira, e whakaaro ana te kaituhi ahua Kāore i runga i te atamira o "Pushkin".

taonga

"Treasure" Mihaila Bulgakova i te wahi tuatahi, o te akoranga, e pā ana ki te pūrākau "Te White Guard". Ko te take i te mea ia he whakamārama rawa taipitopito o tou whare Kiev i te hua, hanga reira tetahi o nga ngā matua o te mahi. Ko te te whare o nga marohirohi o taonga huna. ka mau Tino maha kaipānui reira rite te pono. Na reira, hohoro i mooni wāwāhitanga te whare pereki i pereki. Na roto i tenei wa, e kore Bulgakov i ake reira, engari i kite a tōraro tenei meka e rangatira hou.

Heoi, ahakoa te kaha katoa, kua kore i kitea te taonga. Na noho te turanga anake i te whare.

whaiāipo

He ke reira, engari ko te meka i whakatapua te pūrākau "Te Ariki, me Margarita" ki te kaituhi aroha Nuremberg Elena Sergeevna, mohio kore katoa. Ko tenei wahine te rangatira whakamutunga o Bulgakov. I te wa o te hui, e rua i te mau utuafare, na kawea te hononga e kore e te oaoa anake, engari te mamae hoki.

Na roto i te tuhituhi timata Romana Bulgakov i 1929, a mo te maha o nga tau i mua i, i hoatu e ia te pukapuka "Venediktov, ranei te mau ohipa faahiahia o toku ora," A. Chayanov. Ko nga tautohe o tenei pukapuka ko te rewera, me te ākonga ki te ingoa Bulgakov, e takoha te ki te whawhai ki te rangatira o te pouri mo te wairua o tona aroha. mutu te kōrero ki te hunga i aroha pūhui. Kei te whakapono te reira e ko tenei ti'araa i te hiringa mo te tuhituhi "Ko te Ariki, me te Margarita."

Voland

"Ko te Ariki, me te Margarita" ko te mahi tino rongonui o te hunga katoa e tuhituhi ki Bulgakov. Biography, meka ngā me ngā āhuatanga o te auahatanga na reira kei te maha e pā ana ki tenei hanga. I roto i tenei whakaaro, e kore e taea e tetahi te tau'a ore i te ahua Woland. kua tono Bulgakov mo tona ingoa Mephistopheles i te pehepehe i te Goethe "Faust." Na ka karanga te rewera ia, ka tuku ui wairua kino haere ia.

Kei roto i te putanga tuatahi o "te Ariki, me te Margarita" he whakamārama taipitopito o Woland, i tangohia e 15 ngā whārangi. Heoi, nekehia te whakaputanga o Bulgakov tenei rārangi o pai ai katoa, a ki te kau tenei wahi o te pūrākau e tata whakaaro ki te kia ngaro.

I tua atu, i roto i te tahi mau tauira, me Woland ingoa noa Ahataroto. I muri mai, Heoi, kihai Bulgakov te ingoa, pea no te mea ka karanga Ahataroto rewera kaha, engari e kore e te rangatira o te reinga.

"Dog" Bulgakov

pūrākau kati "Heart o te Dog" ko te maimoatanga noa: pōro - ko te māngai angamaheni o te lumpenproletariat, e, he te kaha, ka tīmata ki te whakangaro ratou ake ahua tenei. Heoi, i reira e iti pai-mohiotia tikanga.

Na, ko te pōro (i runga i te ingoa tuarua Chugunkin) - Stalin, mai te tokorua nei, "rino" ingoa. Ahorangi o Faahuru - Lenin, e puta ke te whenua katoa (whakaritea te kitea o Ahorangi te ki te huringa o te pūnaha tōrangapū). Dr. Bormental - Trotsky, rite tonu i roto i te pakanga ki te pōro-Stalin. Shvonder - he kohatu taua mea, a ko Tina - Zinoviev, aha ...

a Pehemoto ngeru

Ko tetahi atu huru faahiahia, e haere mai ki Bulgakov ake tenei. Biography (meka ngā rite pai) kōrero e kua vai Pehemoto he tauira tūturu.

Heoi, e kore i te reira i te ngeru me te kuri pango tino o Bulgakov ko Pehemoto. whakaaro rerekē kararehe, me te kaituhi i herea ki reira.

"Ivan Vasilievich"

I roto i te 1934 tuhituhi Mikhail Bulgakov te pai-mohiotia i tenei ra, te tākaro "Ivan Vasilievich". A, no te i anake i tuhituhia te mahi, he tokomaha i wehi e kore e tukua ai no te mea o te ritenga kaha Ivana Groznogo ki Stalin.

whakamatauria tenei ki kia pono. kite kaimātakitaki Play anake i roto i te 1973, ka hoki te kiriata ka mau a Leonid Gaidai. tamata te kaiwhakahaere ki te tiaki i te kōrero taketake, engari i ki kia puta ke te mooni o nga 30raa o te rau tau 20 i runga i te 70. Heoi, ko te kiriata he angitu dizzying.

whare Bulgakov

Ranei "Whare o Bulgakov" - he rongonui taonga-whare tapere i roto i Moscow, kei runga i Bolshaya Sadovaya, tau whare 10. Here, i 1921 ki te 1924 i ora ai te kaituhi.

E whakaatu ana te whare taonga he whakaaturanga whakatapua ki te ora, me te mahi o Bulgakov, i te mea tamau. I tua atu, tū he momo o ngā whakaaturanga i oti rawa ki te kaituhi i roto i te whare taonga. E mea pinepine ratou ara tango i te wāhi i waho i te fare - he tūāpapa i runga i te arawhata, terrace raumati, marae.