Momo kararehe: tauira, whakarōpū

I te ao whenua, i reira he momo mutunga o ngā kararehe. Hei matau ratou, he mea e tika ana ki te titiro i te whakarōpūtanga, e ngā te momo, akomanga me ngā rōpū. Puka Ko te taahiraa whakamutunga o wehenga, no te mea he pera nui to ratou maha. He pai ki te tango i te torutoru taketake momo o kararehe, e he nui iti. Te tai'oraa i ratou momo Pākēha e nui atu watea.

kāri

Hoki te wa roa whakaaro enei kararehe i tipu. Kua ako Pūtaiao ratou hanganga tata. momo hautai ngā te whānui o te kararehe momo. Ka taea te whakarārangitia tauira o enei mo te wa roa. ora māngai tonu i roto i te taiao rōwai, engari rerekē ratou i roto i te ahua ara tino mīharo. kia titiro kāri rite te lackluster growths, rare, manga kapia ranei. Karāhe titiro o enei kararehe titiro ataahua mīharo me ko te faahiahia tūturu o te natura - te Venus kete moana ranei karaka pera-ka karanga titiro i ahuareka ai, me te translucent. He hoki āhuatanga noa - mo te tauira, kāri, whakauaua neke. Heoi, e taea ia momo, kahore tetahi raruraru ki te tiki kai - na roto i te haere i roto i te tinana marutuna pukapuka o te wai, te microorganisms o e he kai me enei mea rerekē. Ko te mea ngā, ko te e kore he kōpeka i te tāpiritanga te ingoa o enei kararehe ki te ingoa o ngā tuhinga whare mo te horoi horoi ranei o: i roto i te mua mo tenei whakaaro e whakamahia ai e te kāri e te hunga painga mo te kiri, a ka taea e kia ngawari rawa ki te pa ora.

coelenterates

Na, i te rārangi momo, kia wehea tauira ki ngā kāwai rite ki o ratou momo matua. Next - coelenterates mea papaku e tito o rua anake ngā papa o ngā pūtau nei tinana. momo katoa, ki te torutoru okotahi, kua kitea i roto i te taiao rōwai. Hei tauira, tenei evdendrium hydroid, wheo Acropora ranei siphonophores fizofora. Ia o enei momo o ahua ahurei - etahi e rite rakau iti, ētahi i rite huruhuru. E piri ratou e te peu ora i roto i koroni, me te hanganga o te tinana - kia rite he kitea i te ingoa, te kōhao tinana anake ko te whēkau. Ka taea te wehea momo katoa ki e rua ngā rōpū: te polyps, e kua kei i te wahi etahi, kakaru ranei, e taea e pūkoro.

kutukutu

Rārangi te momo nei rārangi he tino roa, he mea utu te whakahua i taua momo. ai te kutukutu kia marae flat, tawhio me. enei momo katoa he hanganga fā'ūtaha o maha ngā paparanga pūtau - ectoderm, kiriroto me te kiriwai. kōwhao tinana kutukutu reira, hanga te tinana kei runga o parenchyma, e mahi i nga mahi e tika ana katoa. Heoi, i reira te mea he rereketanga o enei momo. Flatworms i te kakau roro, i roto i te taka noa i reira he torutoru mowhiti karere wä roa me te peripharyngeal, me i ngunu - te pūnaha io enteric. I tua atu, tapaea te muri he pūnaha circulatory kuiti, e kore mahi i ētahi atu.

pipi

kia ako te reira i momo tahito e kore anake. Whakarōpū ngā nui ake matatau kaiao, pērā i te mātaitai. Ko te momo e ngā te tau mōrahi o ngā momo. He kaiao e ora i roto i te moana (tio, wheke, kuku, ngū), te wai hou (kuku, viviparus, mollusks) ranei te whenua mākū (ngata, kaiora). He āhuatanga o pipi o momo rerekē rawa rerekē, ka taea e waiho ratou rawa iti (he torutoru mitamano) ranei rite tiketike rite neke atu i rua tekau mita i roto i te roa. E rave rahi te iwi arahi i te āhua sedentary, engari etahi taea te neke i te ara jet. Tenei wheke me momo rite. kaiwhao Classification hoki ngā kōwhiringa pērā i cephalopods bivalve me gastropod. E ētahi he anga, arā, o te maha paparanga (whāriki corneum me kotakota), engari he tokomaha kua ngaro te reira i roto i te akoranga o te kukuwhatanga. Fakatahai katoa o enei momo, nga ingoa o nei, i te ara, ngā me ngata, me ngū, te hanganga o te pūnaha kūnatu. Kei a ia ko ngā waeine e toru i te mua, waenganui, me paru muri. rerekē ētahi takitahi arero uaua ki niho, i whangai etahi i runga i pē, noa na roto i te tātari kai i te pihapiha whakatārewatanga wai. e kore te mea kati momo katoa o te pūnaha circulatory me ngā oko me te ngakau ki te maha atria me ventricles. kaiao rōwai manawa ki pihapiha, whenua - te marama. Ko te pūnaha puha kanohi e nga whatukuhu, me te io - kōpuku marara ki te maha ganglia nui.

arthropoda

Rārangi nga momo ngā o te kararehe, e kore e taea e oti te rārangi, kahore te whakahua o ēnei rauropi. Ngā angawaho - e weri, me nga kopiona, me te pūngāwerewere, me pāpaka. Ka rite ki te tikanga, dvustoronnesimmetrichnye reira kararehe ki te tinana wehea ki wāhanga. hipoki Body ki cuticle o chitin, e te kaimahi hei exoskeleton me tiaki mo te rauropi. Mai kei roto i tēnei kāwai he momo o momo kararehe, e taea te pato'i tauira o te pūnaha romahā - he reira e rua marama me te pihapiha. māngai katoa o te pūnaha circulatory kore-kati. Ka taea te kehekehe hanga tinana. Ka rite ki te tikanga, ngā te tinana o te maha wāhanga: upoko, ãpoko me te puku - kua ratou katoa o enei momo o te kararehe. Tauira, Heoi, ngā etahi rerekētanga o: matenga pūngāwerewere me pouaka ngā ki te Maatotoru, a hi'opo'ai te nga wāhanga katoa ki te tohatoha tata e taea.

rauoro

Ko te tino noa, me te pai-mohiotia momo o te kararehe, pikitia o i kite katoa, he o tenei momo. Ko te reira i te teitei me riro te tuaka kōhiwi o te ngongo neural. Momo ngā toru ngā momo matua o kaiao: tenei tunicates, bescherepnyh me vertebrates. Ko te momo kararehe tuatahi, tauira o nei e tawhiti iti mōhiotia atu i te whakamutunga, pea atu ki te ora i roto i te reo waiwai, ka noho koroni. E ratou he oko ranei te tinana putea, te pūnaha io o te ganglion me rongo underdeveloped. Taua kaiao ngā te momo e whai ake nei: squirts moana, Appendicularia, pirosomy me etahi atu. Enei mea whakaputa uri i roto i ara rerekē, kai i runga i te pūkohu wai, kararehe iti, detritus. He aha te mea ngā, kua raweketia te puka pakeke, engari he nui ake kaha, me te tino whakawhanakehia rongo te torongū. Bescherepnyh kore i te upoko motuhake, e whakatau ratou ingoa. Manawa ki pihapiha, me te kore e whai tokomaha rawa ngā mema, kua whakaaro reira te lancelet tino rongonui. I te pae hopea, vertebrates - te rongonui, me te whakawhanakehia e te nuinga te rōpū o kararehe. ngā ratou momo katoa o kararehe, ika, manu, amphibians me ngokingoki. Kua tipu tēnei momo i roto i nga wa onamata. I te kau, te tangata matau e rima tekau mano momo o vertebrates huri noa.