Nginx: Tatūnga me te tāuta

He aha te mea apache, nginx? Whāinga, ngā āhuatanga, kōwhiringa whakaritenga - ko nga mea e kia katoa kaiwhakawhanake tukutuku waia ki te whakamātau i ō rātou whanaketanga enei.

Mō nginx Mea atu i te kupu

He kotahi rerengamahi matua, me te rave rahi tēnei taputapu. Ko te tuatahi mo ki pānui me te whirihoranga manatokonga. Hoki i raro i tona mana, ko te whakahaere rerengamahi. Ko te raruraru o te mua - ki te hapai i tono taumai. Ko te tauira whakamahi nginx hāngai e te i runga i nga takahanga. Kei te whakamahia hoki tikanga, i runga i te pūnaha mahi rānei i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā tono tohatoha tōtika tika i waenganui i te tukanga kaimahi. Kei te tohua tonu ratou tokomaha i roto i te kōnae whirihoranga. Ka taea e te uara kia rānei whakaritea whakaturia aunoa, arata'ihia e te maha o te otaota mai pūtukatuka e taea te whawha ranei. I roto i te whirihoranga nginx o te pūnaha, me te kōwae kawea i roto i te whakamahi i te kōnae whirihoranga. Na reira, ki te hiahia koe ki te huri i te tahi mea, e hiahia ana koe ki te titiro mo tona ingoa. Ko te tikanga ko te reira i roto i te arata'iraa / etc / nginx (engari kia rerekē te ara ki ētahi atu pūnaha) me he .conf toronga.

Tīmata, tīmata, me roko

Ki te mahi i tenei, me meinga koe te rere whakamahi. Whirihora nginx-tūmau he taea anake ka te tīmata i te reira. kawea Whakahaere i roto whakawhetai ki te karanga i te kawenga ki te tawhā -s. Ki te mahi i tenei, te whakamahi i te whai ake:

nginx -s tohu

I roto i tenei take, ka taea e koe te whakauru i te whakahau e whai ake nei (me haere mai i te kaiwhakamahi i whakarewahia te taputapu):

1. Kati. Kei te whakamahia te reira mo te whakaweto nohopuku.
2. Uta anō. hiahiatia te kapa ki te tāuta anō i te kōnae whirihoranga. Ko te meka Ko e kore tetahi huringa e tango pānga noa mahi te kōnae. A i roto i te tikanga ki te tango i pānga, he tika he anō. Ka rite ki te tiki koe i tenei tohu, tīmata te tukanga matua ki te manatoko i te tika o te wāhanga syntactic o te kōnae whirihoranga, ka ngana ki te tono i te arata'iraa e wātea ana i reira. I roto i te take o te kore, ka hoki hurihia reira huringa a ka mahi ki nga tawhā tawhito. Ki te he angitu katoa, ka whakarewa i te reira rerengamahi hou, a ka te koroheke kia tonoa ki te mutunga tono.
3. Whakamutu. Whakamahia mō te otinga maeneene o te mahi. Kei te whakamahia te reira, ki te hiahia koe ki te tatari kia poto ra tonu nga tono o nāianei.
4. Anō. Katia me tuwhera kōnae rangitaki.

Mā te taputapu

taea hoki te whakamana tukanga Tautuhi te whakamahi i Unix tikanga (ka patua whaipainga e kōrero hei tauira). Ratou te tikanga whakamahi i te tikanga ki te tukua atu tika te tohu ki te raraunga tukanga. E hono ana ratou e te tikanga o te ID. Kei te rongoa tēnei raraunga i roto i te kōnae nginx.pid. A mana'o na tatou e tatou hiahia i roto i te tukanga №134. Na, mo te whakaoti maeneene o te hiahia ki te unga ia tatou te mōhiohio e whai ake:

patua -s whakamutu 1628

A mana'o na tatou e hiahia ana tatou ki te kite i te rārangi o ngā kōnae tuwhera katoa. Kei te hanga matou te whakamahi o te PS whaipainga. Ka titiro hoki te kapa e whai ake:

-ax PS | grep nginx

Ko, rite koutou e taea te kite, mā te whakamahi i atu mea tohu e haere te reira i tona tono. Na inaianei kia arotahi o runga te āhua o mahi hoki nginx-whirihoranga.

Ko te hanganga o te kōnae whirihoranga

Tāuta me whirihora nginx ngā mahi ki te kōwae. E whirihora ratou te whakamahi i te aronga e kua tohua i roto i te kōnae whirihoranga. Ka taea e ratou kia ngāwari poraka ranei. Kei te momo tuatahi o nga aronga me ngā tawhā, e kua wehea e ngā wāhi, ka tohua ratou mutunga e te kopipiko - (;). Ko te poraka kua he hanganga rite. Ko hei utu o tenei katinga fakahinohino Kei huinga atu o ngā tohutohu e kua whakanohoia i roto i te taiapa mingimingi ({} tohutohu). Ki te taea e ratou te tuku i nga ingoa me ētahi atu tawhā o te tukanga, kua karangatia e ratou i taua waihanga i te horopaki. Ka rite ki te tauira, http, wāhi me te tūmau.

Ko te tohatoha o te te ihirangi pateko

Tenei Ko tetahi o nga wero tino nui kei mua i te whirihoranga nginx. I raro i te tohatoha tauanga o te ihirangi ko whakapakoko auraa me HTML-whārangi (e kore e akiaki). Tera pea e hiahia ana tatou he mahi kotahi i runga i te whakatakoto ake te nginx rāpoi Nix. He mea uaua ki te rave i te reira? No, kia titiro a i te tauira. I mua i eke i runga taua mea, he mea e tika ana ki te taipitopito nga tikanga o te raruraru. Na, i runga i te tono rānei, ka haere mai nga kōnae i ngā whaiaronga rohe. Ko te kupu, i roto i te / raraunga / www to tatou HTML-tuhinga. A i roto i te whaiaronga / raraunga / whakapakoko kei roto whakapakoko. Tino pai nginx tautuhinga i roto i tenei take tā whakatika te kōnae whirihoranga, e me whirihora e koe te wae tūmau roto http. Hei tautoko i ka te rua kia whakamahia rite te wāhi.

Whakatinanatanga: tūmau

Na, i te tuatahi e hiahia ana tatou ki te waihanga whaiaronga me te tuu ia ratou i roto i te kōnae e hiahia ana ratou ki te whakawhānui (i roto i te html e hiahia ana koe ki te tāpiri i ihirangi). Na ka whakatuwhera i te kōnae whirihoranga. I roto i te reira kua kua te tūmau taunoa e rave rahi poraka, e mo te wahi tino e kōrero i roto i. Hei whakatutuki i ngā hua tino arotau, me tenei tukanga ki te kia meatia ki te whakapai kanohi ki wāhanga katoa i te taunoa. Na ka tāpiri i tētahi kōwae tūmau hou mā te whakamahi i tenei waehere:

http {

tūmau {

}

}

Ka taea e te kōnae whirihoranga mahi ki te maha poraka pera. Ko te tikanga kia kitea ratou e ratou ingoa me tauranga i roto i nei riro raraunga te.

Whakatinanatanga: tauwāhi

Whakaritea i roto i te tūmau:

tauwāhi / {

pakiaka / raraunga / www;

}

Ko te aroaro o te tohu "/" he tika ki te whakarite i te raraunga whiwhi, ka kite ranei reira ko te wāhitau taua i te tono tukatuka konei. Ki te mea i reira e kore raruraru, ka whakapūtā te ara / raraunga / www ki te kōnae e hiahiatia ana kei e te i roto i te pūnaha rohe. Ki te kahore he he ōrite ki te torutoru poraka, ka tīpako i te tetahi ki te kuhimua roa. I roto i tenei tauira, he rite ki te kotahi te roa, arā, ka waiho anake te whakamahi i roto i te kaupapa i reira he kore "whakataetae". Na, tukua e whakahou ai:

tauwāhi / whakaahua / {

pakiaka / raraunga;

}

Pehea e taea te tautuhi, e rapu tatou mo te whakapakoko. Na, kia whakakotahi a whanaketanga katoa i nga mua, me te whirihoranga i tenei wa, ko te rite whai:

tūmau {

tauwāhi / {

pakiaka / raraunga / www;

}

tauwāhi / whakaahua / {

pakiaka / raraunga;

}

}

Ko te putanga mahi o taua take, ko te paerewa tenei №80 tauranga. Tenei tūmau, kahore tetahi raruraru e taea e wātea i runga i tō rorohiko, ki te haere koe ki te wāhitau: http: // localhost /. Kia pehea te tenei e mahi katoa?

Ko te parau tumu o te mahi o te tauira

Na, ka haere mai ratou ki uiui e timata ki te / whakapakoko, ka kia tonoa e te tūmau o te kōnae whaiaronga hāngai ki te kaiwhakamahi. I roto i tona ngaro, ka hoatu ngā mōhiohio e tohu ana i te hapa 404. Ki te kawea i roto i te whirihoranga nginx i runga i te rorohiko rohe, na te http tono: //localhost/images/example.png ka whiwhi tatou i te kōnae nei tauwāhi /data/images/example.png. A, no te whakapūtā koe e te "/" search tohu e whakahaere i roto i te whaiaronga / raraunga / www. Otiia kua puta ke noa matou i te whirihoranga. haamata te reira ki te mahi, me tīmata anō ai. Ki te mahi i tenei, te whakamahi i te Uta te nginx -s. I roto i te take te wahi e kore e taea te mahi noa, i roto i te access.log me ngā kōnae error.log kei roto i te arata'iraa / usr / rohe / nginx / rangitaki, ka taea e koe te titiro mo te take o te tetahi he.

Te hanga i te tūmau takawaenga ohie

Ka taea te mea te reira e pā ana ki nginx - whirihoranga o tenei whare ko tetahi o nga tono tino noa (me te tika ngāwari, i te ara). whakamahi te reira i te parau tumu o te tūmau e manako ana he tono, a ka whakatītaha ratou ki te pae e tika ana. I muri i taua, tūmanakohia te whakahoki te i a ratou, e tukua ana e ratou ki te tetahi e whakaturia te mahi. Na kia titiro a ki te tauira o te hanga i te pūwāhi turanga. Ka mahi te reira ki tono kaiwhakamahi ratonga 'a te whakarato ratou ki te whakapakoko i te whaiaronga rohe. Na, ki te aukati http tāpiri tetahi tūmau ki te ihirangi e whai ake nei:

tūmau {

whakarongo 8080;

pakiaka / raraunga / up1;

tauwāhi / {

}

}

Na, kia kīa a mo koutou: te hanga i te tūmau ohie. Ka whakarongo ia ki tauranga 8080 e kore e whai i te whakarongo, na ka rere te tūmau i runga i te th 80. Ka whakaaturia nga tono katoa i roto i te pūnaha kōnae rohe e kua whakahaua ki te whaiaronga / raraunga / up1 (o te akoranga, i mua e ka waiho reira tika ki te hanga i te reira). Hei taea ki te tirohia ko reira e tika ana ki te waiho i te kōnae index.html. Nā ki te whakanohonga o aronga i roto i te horopaki o te tūmau pakiaka taea tatou te whakamahi i wāhi i ngā wā katoa (rite te kupu here uru tangohia). Kei te mahi tatou i teie nei ki te hanga i tētahi takawaenga. reira hoki ki te mahi, e hiahia ana matou fakahinohino proxy_pass, kia hoki ai e tohua ingoa kawa, me te wāhi tauranga rite tawhā (mo te hononga rohe e titiro reira rite http: // localhost: 8080). Tikina tenei hua:

tūmau {

tauwāhi / {

proxy_pass http: // localhost: 8080;

}

tauwāhi / whakaahua / {

pakiaka / raraunga;

}

}

Ki te titiro koe ki te waehere me te tātari i te reira, kia kite koutou i kua puta ke, kua te tauwāhi wae tuarua. Ko te kupu, i roto i tenei take, ka taea e te mahi i te reira ki angamaheni toronga whakapakoko. He rerekē iti, i taea te whakaatu i te reira e whai ake:

wāhi ~ \ (gif | jpg | teitei) $ {.

pakiaka / raraunga / whakapakoko;

}

Ko te whirihoranga takawaenga whakamutunga ko e whai ake:

tūmau {

tauwāhi / {

proxy_pass http: // localhost: 8080 /;

}

wāhi ~ \ (gif | jpg | teitei) $ {.

pakiaka / raraunga / whakapakoko;

}

}

Ka tātari te reira i roto i tono i te mutunga o e reira ko enei toronga, ka tukua atu ratou ki te tangata e tono kōnae. Kaua e wareware e e hiahia ai ki te tīmata anō, ki te hiahia koe ki te tirohia i te kōnae whirihoranga. Na whakapono ahau, te reira noa nginx-whirihoranga. Ki te whakatuwhera koe i te whirihoranga "Vkontakte" tūmau kōnae atu kamupene nui ranei, ka whai i te waehere neke atu i nga kupu i roto i tenei tuhinga ratou.