Nikolai Klyuev: auaha me te haurongo

Ko te timatanga o te rau tau 20 hoki, ka karanga te Silver Age, ko te tino pokea ana o tuhinga Russian. He nga ahunga hou me ngā, e kore e wehi ki te whakamātau me te kitea e momo hou, me ngā kaupapa i te kaituhi. Ko tētahi o ēnei kaitito ko Klyuev Nikolay Alekseevich. Ia tukinotia novokrestyanskomu aronga whiti.

biography

Fanauhia Oketopa 10, 1884 i roto i te kainga o Koshtugi Vytegorsky County (Vologda rohe), Nikolai Klyuev. Haurongo o kaituhi haamata i roto i te utuafare i te haihana ohie Alexei Kalashnikov. Otiia i aroha te nuinga o Klyuev katoa tona whaea, Praskovya Fyodorovna, nei ko he kaikauhau pakiwaitara nui. i whai wāhi ia i roto i te whakaako me te tama tika ki a ia Nicholas mohio pehea ki te pānui i, tuhituhi me te ako i te taketake o te iwi waiata rokiroki.

I roto i te 1895 puta ia i te kura pāriha i Vytegra. Na ka haere ia ki a Petrozavodsk, te wahi ako ia i te kura hauora. I muri fakamo'oni akó Klyuev Nikolay Alekseevich tahi me o ratou compatriots, i mahi i roto i te hoko o te whakapaipai o nga wuuru, me te ika, ka haere ki St Petersburg ki te mahi.

I roto i te pane, ka anga ia ki te tuhituhi rotarota i raro i te rotarota aronga novokrestyanskoy. I roto i ana mahi amuamu purakau whiti o te mamae me te mamae tillers me kanga ratou kaitukino. i whakaputaina Klyuyev tuatahi ngā whiti i roto i te kohinga "New Poets" i roto i te 1904. Otiia hohoro hoki Klyuyev ki te kāinga iti.

Te riroraa i raro i te mana'o i te timatanga o nga ngā pāhoro, ngā te rohi pehe i roto i te 1905 i roto i te mahi tōrangapū. haamata te reira ki te tuwha mātārere. Hoki te reira i roto i 1906. I hopukina Klyuev.

kōwae Kluev me

ka mohio te hui nui mo te rohi pehe ki Alexander poraka. timata kaituhi reta i roto i te 1907. I te tīmatanga, Nikolai Klyuev rawa whakamā i roto i tona pukapuka ki te rohi pehe e mōhiotia ana, engari āta waiho ia papu e poraka, me te he hiahia i roto i to ratou kōrero. Klyuyev āta tīmata ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te wairua o te tautohe e malu'aki mai e i roto i te iwi, e pā ana ki te kino pāpori. Otiia e kore e he reira anake e pā ana ki tōrangapū mea nga kaituhi. ta Nikolai te kaha whiti o te wairua e takoto i roto i te iwi kuware, engari no te mea o take kāinga, e kore e whakatuwhera i te reira tino.

nui reta Poraka maongo Klyuyev. Ia pinepine faahiti ratou i roto i nga pukapuka ki hoa me o ratou oko. Ngā mihi ki te āwhina o te ngutu poraka rotarota whakaputaina i roto i "Earth New", "Golden huruhuru" me maha atu makasini tuhituhi. I runga i nga mahi o te rohi pehe nga kawanatanga i whakarongo tāone kaituhi. Ki te tokomaha o ratou taea ki te whakatau Klyuyev. I roto ia ratou Valeriy Bryusov.

angitu

I roto i te 1911, whakaputaina Nikolai Klyuev tona kohinga tuatahi o "Pin CHIME." Preface ki te putanga tuhi Bruce. tangohia te pukapuka ki te whakaaetanga o me te pānga i roto i ngā porowhita whiti, me te tuhituhi. Mō ia pai pahono kaitito pērā i Nikolay Gumilev, Sergei Gorodetsky , a na i runga i. Patua te whakarongo i roto i nga mahi o rerekē ratou Klyuyev, te kore o te huru taata kaha, tono tropes, whakapakoko, ungeri.

Klyuyev whai kororia āhua, āhua tuawhenua, iwi. Heoi, e whakapono ana ia e mate i te ahurea atuakore e predominated i te rau tau 19,, me te whakakapi i te mea hou, me te ora o te iwi.

Gumilyov i tona arotake o te kohinga o rotarota klyuevskoy matapae te heke mai - ta ia te reira anake te timatanga o te kaupapa hou i roto i te tuhinga. A he tika ia. riro Klyuyev kua tetahi o rotarota nga māngai tuatahi novokrestyanskoy.

Klyuyev ko Yesenin

Nikolai Klyuev wa roa, awhina te tika o te whiti kaiahuwhenua ki te ora. Otiia i roto i te 1915 riro ia i te pukapuka i te kuao pehe i te kawanatanga o Ryazan. faauru reta Esenina Klyuyev. Ahakoa te meka e he maheni i absentia ratou, a tawhio noa enei kaitito tahi e rua atu kaituhi e tuhituhi i roto i te kaupapa kaiahuwhenua.

I roto i te rotarota i tino Klyuyev me Yesenin rawa nui i roto i te noa, i te mea he aha ratou hohoro kitea he reo noa, me te tahoê. I te 1915 patua ratou angitu Kamupiri tihi. Fakataha tae ratou ahiahi tuhituhi, lau ratou rotarota.

Heoi, i kore muri i te uniana roa. Esenina homai i nui whānui whiti novokrestyanskoy, a i roto i 1917 kua tae mai te aroha i waenganui i nga kaitito e rua ki te mutunga.

Inu rotarota proletarian

Nikolai Klyuev, waiata o te iwi Russian ohie nei rotarota, Heoi, e kore e whakaaro ia he punake proletarian. kitea revolution te kaituhi i roto i tona wahi taketake. ka mau te reira i te taenga o Klyuyev ki te ngākau inä. Otiia kanohi reira iho rite ino "palataisi mo te taata."

I roto i te 1918, e Nikolai Klyuev te Pāti Bolshevik. Whai wāhi i roto i te mahi whakatö-, lau rotarota e pā ana ki te revolution. Heoi, ko te tangata karakia, i te mea ke i te tikanga hou ia. riro te reira i mārama e whakatairanga reira he revolution rawa rerekē. A i roto i te 1920 Klyuyev peia i te rōpū. Kati ki te whakaputa i ana rotarota. ka anga ia ki te mukākā te kāwanatanga hou, me ona tautohe fakalotu ki te kaitito proletarian, karanga ratou tinihanga hua whakatö.

timata te reira i te wa uaua mo te rohipehe. noho ia i roto i te rawakore, i ngohengohe ki te whakatoi, kihai i kitea te mahi. Ahakoa tenei, tonu ia ki te korero i roto i ki te tikanga Soviet.

Ko te pakanga o te rohi pehe mutu February 2, 1934, i te mauheretia ia mō "haaputuputuraa counterrevolutionary me te whakahörapatanga o mahi." I whiua ia ki te whakaraua i roto i te rohe Narym. A i roto i te nuku 1937 mahi ana Klyuyev i runga i utu teka.