Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev: haurongo me whakatutukitanga

Count Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev ko tetahi o nga whika tūmatanui tino nui o Russia i te hawhe tuatahi o te rau tau XIX. Ko ia te kaituhi o te maha pire.

takenga

Fanauhia i Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev i 1761. Ko ia te irāmutu o nga ariki rangatira Alexander Stroganov - he mema o te Kaunihera State me tetahi o te tata o Catherine II. Heoi, i reira i roto i te haurongo o te tamaiti, me te koha. Ko ia te tama poriro a-aristocrat whaea tana. Ko reira te mea o tenei i tonoa e ia ki te whakaara ki tona matua keke, i reira i taea e ia ora atu i nga matenga hapu o tona matua.

faaoti Alexander Stroganov e ka meinga e te irāmutu pai te mahi hōia. Kua rapua tonu mau utuafare rangatira taonga ki te tāpiri ki te tama a St. Petersburg whiriwhiri kaitiaki, i ngā o te cream o te hapori Russian. Ki te taumata Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev kore puritia, engari ahakoa i oti whakangungu i roto i Corps o te whakapaipai o whārangi i roto i te 1783.

mahi hōia

Neke atu i te te 13 tau i muri mai, tamau oho te Statesman heke mai ake nga rarangi i roto i te ope. I roto i nga tau o tona mahi ka puta mai tetahi atu whawhai ki Sweden i 1788-1790 gg. whai wāhi Novosiltsev i te maha ngā mahi nui me te patopato o tenei wheako whawhai. E ai ki nga hua o te whawhai ka he Kānara.

I te taenga o te taua āpiha paetukutuku tiketike rawa wareware anake. Aita i maoro i te ope Russian ki te mutunga i te whawhai ki wahia Sweden i te whakatikanga ake i roto i Poland. tupu tenei i roto i te 1794, ka ko reira kua muri i te torutoru wāhanga o te Commonwealth. Russia, Ateria me Prussia whawhati i tenei whenua ki mongamonga a ka mau ia i te wahi. whakakeke amo. tu ahau i te matenga o te iwi, me te konohi Tadeusz Kosciuszko. whai wāhi Nikolay Nikolaevich Novosiltsev i te ātete patu ki te pehanga o nga amo. I roto i te 1796 ua faaoti ia ki te waiho i te mahi hōia, ka mutu.

Mohiotia i roto i ngā porowhita ohaoha

Ētahi wā Novosiltsev Nikolay Nikolaevich ora ki waho, tae atu i roto i Rānana, i reira i whakaoti ia tona mātauranga i roto i te humanities. noho roa i roto i te whenua ke kihai i whai ia. Ko te taitama Emperor Alexander ahau karangatia e ia hoki ki tona whenua.

I tenei wa, ko te kingi hou i huihui huri noa ia he porohita o hoa pono i roto i te aristocrats tino mātauranga o Petersburg. Katoa o ratou i Rīpera, ka hiahia ki te tīmata hanganga i roto i te whenua. faaite Emperor tenei hiahia. hiahiatia e ia te iwi rite Novosiltsev Nikolay Nikolaevich. Ko te tino ture ki Alexander te haurongo o tenei tangata.

Ahakoa te meka e te hoia angamaheni ko te Novosiltsev mātauranga tuatahi, i te ngakau tūmatanui hohonu ia. A i mohiotia e ia, me te rongonui i roto i te kāhui Petersburg o pai, mauruuru ore i te tikanga whakapumautia i roto i te kingitanga o Paora ahau - Na i turakina papa o Alexander I. te arii tawhito, ka patua, a ka whakapumautia tona pūnaha tōrangapū momo i roto i Russia, ko reira te wa ki te wetewete.

Mema o te Komiti Tūmataiti

I roto i nga tau wawe o te kingitanga o Alexander Novosiltsev Nikolay Nikolaevich ko te mema kaha o te komiti ngaro - he hui ōpaki o te āwhiwhi Hiha. I roto i te 1803, i whakaritea te rangatira nui i peresideni o te Academy o Sciences. I roto i tenei tūranga noho ia 7 tau i roto i nei kua mahi nui mo te whanaketanga o te mātauranga me te rangahau i roto i Russia.

i mohiotia Novosiltsev mō te te taea ki te whakakotahi e rave rahi tūranga rerekē. Heoi, i tona mahi kihai i hinga - ka mau ia i nga rongoā tika, me te whai hua. I roto i 1804, i te pā ka minita kaiāwhina o te tika. Ko reira i roto i tenei wā e rere ia ki te ture Russian matatini e hiahiatia whakahou. whakapumautia ētahi ture i roto i te rau tau XVII, me te kingitanga o Alexander hopea tawhitotia.

Kua hoki te whakatinanatanga o te whakahounga kua whakapumautia ki te hanga ture Komihana. I ahu te reira i na Novosiltsev Nikolay Nikolaevich. Ka taea te kitea whakaahua Photo o te tangata i roto i tetahi pukapuka o aravihi ture i whare wānanga.

Takawaenga me te reforomatio

I te tau 1805, whakama te emepera i roto i te komiti ngaro. Hanganga haere ki te ringa Mihaila Speranskogo. riro te mau melo o mua o te rōpū he pou hou. I roto i te Novosiltsev timata ia te karere mahi me te takawaenga. I roto i tenei mara reira pai ki to ratou ake wheako o te ora ki waho. Hoki i roto i te 1805 pai faaoti ia he haumi ki Ingarani, i i faufaa ki Alexander i roto i te faaineineraa no te te whawhai ki a Napoleon.

I roto i tenei wā i mahi Novosiltsev maha ohipa takawaenga puta noa i Western Europe. I te wa ano, no ia ki taua tona mahi hei whakaraua e whakahonoretia ana. hiahia tino Novosiltsev ki te hoki ki te whakapaipai. A nui i muri. Aita i maoro roa wahia ana e ia War Patriotic o 1812 tau. A, no te i te mutunga patua Napoleon ki Russia piri nga toenga o Poland. Ko reira i reira i tonoa mai Novosiltsev.

I roto i nga tau tata nei, te kingitanga o Alexander rangatira nui hopea hoki ki St Petersburg. I roto i te pane, whakawhanakehia e ia he tauira taratara Tūtohinga o te Russian Empire. I roto i te meka, ko reira he ahua o tauira o te kaupapa ture i mua nei, i kī i runga i wāteatea ā. kore i te kitenga o te kaupapa.

I raro i Nicholas ko ahau Novosiltsev he mema o te Kaunihera State. I roto i te 1833, ka ia te Tatau, me i roto i 1838-m, mate. Tenei tangata ona rongo rite tetahi o te āpiha whai hua tino me whakahaere i te wa.