Ostin Dzheyn (Jane Austen). Dzheyn Ostin pakimaero, te urutaunga kiriata

A ki tenei ra Miss Ostin Dzheyn ko tetahi o te kaituhi tino rongonui English. E mea pinepine i huaina ai ko te Lady Tuatahi o tuhinga English. e hiahiatia ana ona mahi ki te ako i roto i te katoa o fare Ingarangi me ngä whare wänanga. Na ko wai i tenei wahine?

mōhiohio haurongo Poto

whanau Dzheyn Ostin ko Hakihea 16, 1775. Whare tona utuafare i roto i te pa iti porowini o Steventon, e runga i te rohe o te mataeinaa o Hampshire. Tona papa, George, tino mātauranga me te tangata marama, heke i te whānau Kentish tawhito a ko te tohunga pāriha.

, Ka haere mai ano te whaea o te kaituhi Cassandra Lee i te whānau tawhito engari rawakore. I tua atu ki te whānau o Jane tonu i whitu tamariki - teina Hemi, George, Edward, Henry, Francis ko Charles, me tuahine Cassandra. i tata rawa ki tona tuahine te kaituhi. Ko reira hoki o ratou reta kua ako etahi meka e pā ana ki te ora, me te ngākau Jane.

Childhood me te taiohitanga o te kaituhi rongonui

I roto i te meka, e pā ana ki tona tamarikitanga, me te taiohitanga mohiotia Miss Austen te kore pera nui. Ko te taua pā ki a ia ahua, no te mea te whakaahuatanga o te puna rerekē o rerekē te tangi. Heoi, kua riro te reira e ko Jane huatau, ataahua, me te pretty kotiro ki te hinengaro mahira, he tikanga pai o te whakakatakata, me te pākiki maere. Ano, aroha ia ahua, rangatira hiahia, tae pōro, ekenga ngahau me te aroha fekīhiaki ngahau ki whanaunga me hoa.

I kuraina hea Miss Austen?

kore mahi kaituhi whakaatu anake taranata tino, engari ano hoki i te whanaketanga hinengaro nui o Miss Austen. whakaakona Jane i roto i te maha o ngā pūtahi rerekē. I roto i 1783, te kaituhi i mua nei me tona tuahine Cassandra timata ana ako i Oxford. Otiia i konei ko nga tuahine i roto o te waimarie, rite ratou i tukua i te despotism o te tumuaki, a ka huaketo ki mua. Na i reira ko tetahi kura i roto i Southampton, i muri i puta ke ano te kotiro kura. institution mātauranga i roto i Reading hoki e kore i whakatata te kotiro pākiki, no te mea ngā aroha tumuaki i ki tau'a tino ki te mātauranga o ngā tamariki.

I muri rahunga na tokomaha, ka hoki te kāinga Jane, te wahi mahi tona papa i roto i te mātauranga. i taea e ki te faatupu i roto i to ratou tamahine i te aroha e kore e anake o pānui, engari ano hoki he reka tuhituhi mohio Dzhordzh Ostin. Kua tupu ia, ka whakawhanakehia i roto i te huru hinengaro, a tangohia ana a reira wahi i roto i te ahiahi o te pānui me te kōrero o ngā pukapuka matarohia.

Tākiekina i runga i te mahi o te kaituhi

O te akoranga, mahue mātauranga kāinga me te mōhiotanga tuhituhi o tona papa ratou tohu i runga i te mahi o te kaituhituhi. Otira i reira i te tahi atu āhuatanga e awe te tukanga o te hanga i te pūrākau rongonui o Miss Austen. noho Jane i roto i te wa, no te o ngā hītori mohiotia - a ko reira te French Revolution, te Revolution Industrial i Ingarangi, te maunu i roto i Ireland, te whawhai mo te mana motuhake i roto i Amerika, a na runga i ..

Ahakoa te meka i puritia te nuinga o tona ora Jane i roto i te kawanatanga, kua kaha kawea ki runga ki reta ki o ratou whanaunga, me hoa e mahino fakamatala'i ona ngā hītori, i tae nei. Ko reira ka enei reta he kuao kotiro he tumu pau ore o whakaaro me ngā mōhiohio āwhina.

Dzheyn Ostin: te mahi o te wā wawe

Ehara i te pā katoa o te kaituhi mohio e tona mahi tuatahi i hanga e ia i roto i te tau o ma rima. Hei tauira, ko tetahi o enei mahi te pūrākau epistolary "Love me Friendship", i hanga nei rite te ahua o te parody o te rongonui i te wa, i nga pukapuka romance Ingarangi.

I te wa ano, i mahi ano hoki ia i runga i te "History o Ingarangi", i roto i te hono mo'oní, ko e, he parody, lampoon i runga i te pukapuka matua A. Goldsmith. Here Jane i totoa a wittily whakahi te kerēme o te kaituhi ki te kia whāinga, i te te whakatakoto i roto i te tahi mau meka hītori tūturu. ka tētahi atu parody o te pūrākau tuku iho Ingarihi he novelette "Ataahua Cassandra".

Ko te kaituhi pūrākau rongonui

He pono tata katoa i te iti rawa kotahi i roto i tona ora i te whai wāhi ki te kite i te mahi a Dzheyn Ostin. He tino hira i roto i te pā o tuhinga puāwaitanga ona pukapuka.

I roto i te 1811, ka whakaputaina te mahi tuatahi o Dzheyn Ostin - "Sense me tūtohutanga." E te ara, whakaputaina tenei pukapuka i raro i te pseudonym "Lady." Ko te kuware, me i te wa ano i te aamu ātahu e pā ana ki e rua tuahine ki pūāhua rerekē tenei. Marianna - kotiro aronganui me te tairongo e hiahia ana ki te kitea te aroha pono, i Elinor atu i whakatoea, tika, me te mahi.

Ko te angitu o tenei mahi e whakaaetia te kaituhi i roto i 1813 ki te whakaputa i te pukapuka i muri - he pūrākau pai-mohiotia i huaina "Pride me fehi'á", e, rokohanga, i nui mua tuhituhia. Kei te mea te reira e kua tuhituhia tenei mahi i muri i te break ki Tom Lefroy tonu, engari no te mea te tīmatanga paopao reira nga kaiwhakaputa, kei te tatari i te reira mo ratou tahuri ki ma rima nga tau. Te kōrero te aroha, e ka tika i roto i te rota o hape, me ki hinga whakapehapeha, he teie mahana tetahi o te tino pukapuka rongonui o te kaituhituhi.

Ko te mahi whakaputaina muri ko te pukapuka "Mansfield Park". Kua mahi Dzheyn Ostin runga taua mea mo nga tau e toru. E te ara, no tenei mahi ki te pūrākau mātauranga pera-ka karanga. Ko te kōrero o te kotiro nei e whai ki te whiriwhiri i waenganui i te karanga o te ngakau, i te ture o te tikanga rangatira, me te whaitake tohenga, ka te kaupapa o te miniseries.

I roto i te 1816 ka haere mai tetahi atu pūrākau rongonui - "Emma". Dzheyn Ostin konei i roto i te tikanga arearea, whakaahuatia te hītori o ngahau, kotiro perky nei e pārekareka, te āwhina ia hoa ki marena. Noho te tūranga o te matchmaker, ki nei, i te ara e kore ko te mahi tino pai,, tata tuwhanga mea Emma ake oaoa.

I roto i te 1817, murimatetia, i whakaputaina ai tetahi atu pukapuka ui "Taparuraa e." korerotia Dzheyn Ostin kaipānui pechalnayu te kōrero o Anne Elliot, arahina e te tohutohu mahi o girlfriends tona whaea, kapea e ia te tangata anake ia aroha. E te ara, kei te maha whakaaro tenei pukapuka he ahua o haukiri o te kaituhituhi iho.

He tau i muri mai, i whakaputaina ai i tetahi atu pūrākau - "Northanger Abbey", i te mea he ngahau me te parody mohio o te pūngāwerewere pukapuka Gothic.

mahi kia oti o Jane

I roto i te meka, kihai i oti te mahi katoa o te kaituhi rongonui i. Hei tauira, i roto i te ora o Miss Austen epistolary iti pūrākau i huaina "Lady Susan" Kua kore i whakaputaina. Tuhituhia i waenganui i 1803 me 1805 tau o te hītori o te pūkeke kakama, me te te tohunga Lady Susan, e ngana ana ki te titiro mo te tane e tika ana, ka whakaara ake ngā take nui o te morare me matatika.

I pāngia te taua kaupapa o te hopu mo te tane, a ka i roto i te tahi atu i te pukapuka oti, te kaituhi i huaina "Watsons". E te ara, i muri āpitihia tenei mahi irāmutu Jane, ka whakaputaina i raro i te taitara "tuahine teina."

He he tetahi mahi rongonui o kaituhi Ingarangi, e kore i a ia wa ki te whakaoti. I runga i te pūrākau tīmata "Senditon" Jane ki te mahi mo te marama torutoru i mua i tona mate, a ka i wa ki te tuhituhi i te kongakonga anake. I roto i te 2000, ka oti tenei mahi i runga i te kaituhi English Dzhuliey Barrett - whakaputaina te pūrākau kei raro i te ingoa "Charlotte."

kaituhi ora Whaiaro

Ko te mea ngaro e, i roto i te noa'tu o tona ahua pai ahuareka, Dzheyn Ostin me noho anake. I roto i tona tamarikitanga riro ia i te tono te faaipoiporaa i te iramutu taonga o Lady Gresham Weasley, heoi kihai, kihai i rite ki ite tetahi mana'o hoki ia.

I 1795, i reira ko te mohio o te ākonga ture rawakore Thomas Lefroy ko Miss Austen. Jane whakahuatia e rave rahi mau taime e pā ana ki enei ngā i roto i tona pukapuka ki tona tuahine. I waenganui i te iwi taitamariki wahia tonu mana'o mo tahi e te tahi, engari i ratou ki te waiho. I muri i te katoa, haere mai te iwi taitamariki i te mau utuafare rawakore, a anake te faaipoiporaa pai ki te kainga taonga taea whakatika te āhuatanga. E te ara, faifai ka Thomas Ariki tino Justice o Ireland. Na kakahu 30 tau a Jane te pānati o te pononga wahine tawhito, korero te ao e kore e haere e te ana ki te tiki faaipoipo.

I muri i te matenga o te papa o te kaituhi i tauturu tona whaea a tawhio noa te whare, rite i tino uaua āhuatanga pūtea o te whānau. I roto i te 1817, oho Jane ki Winchester, te wahi tukinotia mate o Addison, i te mahi i runga i te pūrākau "Senditon". Here mate ia i runga i Hōngongoi 18.

Dzheyn Ostin: te urutaunga kiriata o ngā pukapuka

I roto i te meka, whakaohokia tonu nga mahi o te kaituhi Ingarangi te moni oraora. Hei tauira, anake te pukapuka "whakakake, me fehi'á" i kiriata tekau wā. puta pikitia Tuatahi i runga i te pūrākau i runga i te mata i roto i te tau 1938. Last putanga TV o te pūrākau rongonui whakaputaina i roto i te 2005 - te tūranga o Elizabeth Bennet ka Kire Naytli me Mr. Darcy o tīrama takaro e Mettyu Makfeyden.

Ko te pūrākau "Sense ko tūtohutanga," urutau hoki te mata e rima nga wa. Ko tētahi atu hua rongonui i huaina "Emma" i hanga te pūtake mo te wahi o waru peita. O te akoranga, e kore ko te kiriata katoa o Dzheyn Ostin tenei. Hei tauira, i reira e wha kiriata, hanga i runga i te pūrākau "Taparuraa e." Kua he "Northanger Abbey" Kua hoatu i runga i mata rua - i roto i te 1986 me te 2006. E hoki e toru kiriata urutaunga o nga mahi o "Mansfield Park". I taea te kite, oti katoa nga pūrākau Dzheyn Ostin kōrero ka te pūtake mo te maha pikitia. A, i roto i te noa'tu o te wa, te huri i te ara o te ora me ngā kōrero tuku iho, enei kuware kōrero e pā ana ki te aroha, hoaraa me te morare oaoa tonu nui moni i kaimätakitaki me kaipānui.

Movies e pā ana ki te ora o te kaituhi

I roto i te meka, te ahanoa o moni i runga i te wahi o te kiriata Guru ka kore noa nga mahi o Dzheyn Ostin, engari tona ora rawa. Ki te rā, kiriata toru kiriata, te wahi o nei i roto i tetahi ara ranei tetahi e hāngai ana i runga i nga raraunga haurongo o te kaituhi rongonui. Hei tauira, i roto i 2002, i tukua i roto i te pakipūmeka reti i huaina "Real Dzheyn Ostin", te pūtake o i i tangohia pai-mohiotia raraunga haurongo, me te toe pukapuka ki tuahine o te kaituhituhi Cassandra.

I roto i te 2007, ka puta ia i runga i te mata i te whakaari i huaina "Miss Austen Faka'ise'isá," e parau te aamu o te tau whakamutunga o te kaituhi pūmanawa, engari mokemoke me tona hononga ki tetahi o nga irāmutu. Here haere te tūranga o Jane ki Olivii Uilyams.

I roto i te taua 2007 melodrama "Dzheyn Ostin" ( "Te riroraa Jane") i kiriata, e hāngai ana te kōrero kei te i runga i te kōrero aroha pouri o tuhi kaituhi me te rawakore, whakakake, engari ahakoa kaiwhakaako o te ture Tom Lefroy.