Pakihi Greenhouse: kei hea ki te tīmata? kōtuhi mahere pakihi ahuwhenua

Te hanga i te mahi i roto i te puka o te hothouse - e kore te mea he whakaaro hou tenei. Heoi, ka te whakahaere mātau o "matomato" pakihi e taea kawe te hoki rawa pai. Me pēhea te ki te tīmata i te pakihi kōtuhi me pehea ki te hinga i te mau fifi tūpono i roto i te kaipakihi pihi? I runga i tenei me te maha atu mea e kōrero i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Paunatia nga huapai me ngā huakore

I roto i te greenhouses greens, kei te tipu haere tere i roto i te tahi mau rohe huawhenua nekehia atu te 3-4 hua ia tau. Na reira, he pakihi taua he, i roto i te meka, e taea e kore e pai. Otiia, i roto i te tua ki painga, kua reira etahi drawbacks. Fakakaukau ki te hunga me ētahi atu i roto i te tepu.

Hea ki te tīmata?

Pihi kaipakihi he faufaa pikitia āwhiwhiwhi ranei te mahere o te mahi e whai wāhi ana ki te angitu o te mahi kōtuhi. He mea nui ki te whakaaro maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whakahaere o te hothouse, engari i te tuatahi o nga mea katoa ko te reira e tika ana ki te aro ki te whakatau o nga take tuatahi e toru:

1. He aha ki te tupu? Hoatu e pai i roto i te maha iti o rohe, matapae utu nga tikanga huarere, he reira e tika ana ki te maara o huawhenua me otaota. Ko te tino unpretentious enei tipu, e kore e rapua e nui tiaki, ka whai hua ratou i te mahi katoa kōtuhi. Flowers - te kōwhiringa o ngaio maha. tipu mai tāwāhi me te puawai - ko te wāhi tino pai i roto i te mahi kōtuhi tenei. Ko te puawai pakihi he meá, me utu tonu. Tauhōu, kōtuhi tauhou pakihi i te wahanga, e tūtohu ana ki te mahi i te reira i runga i te matomato (riki, rētihi, te pāhiri).
2. Hei hoko? Ko te pātai e me faatiti'aifarohia te aroaro o te hanga hoko ranei o te kōtuhi tenei. I mua tīmata tetahi mahi he mea nui ki te whakatū i ngā hoapā ki kaihoko. Ko te atu e whai koe o hoko ngā ka whai, te pai, no te mea ki te kore tetahi kaihoko rarawe ki te hoko tupu, na reira ko te atu.
3. He aha te momo o te supply kōtuhi: raumati hotoke ranei? E rauemi me te nui, ki te hoko? whiriwhiri tokomaha iwi nohopuku-greenhouses. More urutau mō pakihi , greenhouses ahumahi, engari e kore e ratou cheap. Ētahi kaipakihi tuhi hanga i ngā rauemi e mau, a ka whakahou me te pīkau i te ōhanga rite moni. No mea te nui e haere koe ki te haumi, he mea tika ki te whakamahere i te pūtea i roto i mua.

pakihi motuhake

I roto i te kōtuhi e toru rāngai pakihi: māra o huawhenua, puawai, me te pupuri; hoki ia aronga he ona ake kōtuhi. E ai ki ngā tohunga, te moni mōrahi i ratou e taea te tiki climates rawa wera, he reira e minaminatia e kore ko te pāmahana te hotoke i raro -5 nekehanga. Matao hotoke - ko reira he mōrearea nui i roto i te tikanga ki te karo i te reira, ka whai ki te haumi atu i roto i te hoko o ngā rauemi mō te ngāwhā kaupare mātao. Parekura i te matao o te hotoke, ka kia maha nga wa nui atu te utu o te transportation o taonga ki te wāhi o te raki.

Ka whiriwhiri tuhi kaipakihi te aronga: mahi kōtuhi kaupeka tūturu ranei. Hea ki te tīmata whakamahere? Ki te haere koe ki te whai wāhi i roto i te tipu haere te wa o tipu e ka hāngai te mua hothouse pāmu. hāngai ana pakihi e tu ana i runga i ngā wāhi ahumahi motuhake ki te whenua tiaki, ki te whakawera te tau-a tawhio me te rama.

Hei tatau i roto i to koutou hinengaro i nga utu katoa me moni tūmanakohia, ki te whakaaro i te tūponotanga pūtea me ētahi atu take nui he tata e taea kahore te mahere pakihi. E tauturu te reira tautuhi me te whakaoti maha ngā raruraru i te wā o te faaineineraa. Me pēhea te ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere pakihi mo te matatini kōtuhi?

Tekiona o te mahere pakihi

Greenhouse mahere pakihi kia ngā rave rahi ngā wāhanga. E te reira ki pūkete tikanga tūturu, me te makariri, ngā āhuatanga katoa o te mahi ngā:

• Overview whakarāpopoto ranei.
• Whakaahuatanga o te mahi.
• Whakaahuatanga o ngā hua me ngā ratonga.
• Analysis o te mākete me te ahumahi.
• mahere Production me te mahere whakahaere.
• mahere marketing.
• mahere pūtea me te haumi.

He aha ki te tuhituhi i roto i te mahere pakihi?

tapaea tatou he tika taipitopito o te kaupapa i roto i te tepu.

mahere pūtea

Ko te pūtake o te mahere pūtea ko te matapae o hua me utu i mua nei, i waho tenei mahi kōtuhi e taea riro angitu. I tua atu, kia whai i te kaituku mahi ki te kawe i enei tūemi, tātai i te moni i āta whakamaheretia me te tūturu, pai kupenga, whatiia-noa ira me ētahi atu tohu. Hei waihanga i tētahi mahere a ka kia watea ki te wehe katoa mauhanga utu te kotahi-wā, te ana'iraa whakaritea me:

• utu kore-auau - he utu e ka whai ki te whakatinana i te wa, te tikanga i te wā wawe (te hoko o greenhouses, mīhini, e mau ana te wai, te hiko, me ētahi atu).
• utu Pūmau - te tikanga he utu marama utua e te kaipakihi i roto i te nui rite (haehae whenua, utu kaimahi, te wai, te hiko).
• utu tāupe - utu e ara ake i te wa wa i roto i ngā rahi (greenhouses hanga, hoko o maniua, hua hinu (wahie) mo te tuku o taonga) ki.

I runga i te pūtake o te ngā mōhiohio taipitopito i runga i ngā utu, ka taea e tatou te tatau i te katoa utu mō ia marama, me te mo katoa o nga tau. E tauturu te reira te faaohie i te tepu mahi, e ka tohatoha he tīwae mo ia marama, a ka kiia hoki nga momo o utu.

Ko reira tino e i roto i te tahi mau rohe riro 2-3 hua ia tau, a i roto i etahi 4 ia greenhouses hua. He mahere pakihi taea ki a koe te tātai noa nga hua matapae. Ki te mahi i tenei, he mea nui ki te mohio ki nga utu mākete me ngā rōrahi o te hua ia mita tapawha. ka puta hua i muri i anake te hoko o kai pakeke, me te whakawhirinaki i runga i te momo o te hua, ona utu i roto i te mākete.

Ka rite ki te tauira, te whiriwhiri matou te mahi kōtuhi i roto i te matomato. mahi tatou i te tātai tata mō aniana matomato. I te hokomaha, kia tupu ake te kurupae kopere ki te 30 moni, e pā ana ki te taua utu o te 1 kg o aniana i te turanga. whakaritea Mai i 100 ki te 120 topuku ki te whakato i roto i te kōtuhi mō te 1 m ^2. Ka taea te whiwhi i 100 ki te 120 aniana Kurupae 1 m ^2. Na, 1 m ² o greenhouses ka kawea ki runga ki te 3000 moni. Tango utu i te moni, me te pai. Kia mea a, utu kotahi-wā kua tatou pau kē. Ko te toe utu mō greenhouses whakawera me te irrigation, me etahi, i moni ki 1 m ² 500 moni.:

3000 - 500 = 2500 moni.

Riro 1 m ² e whakanuia e te rohe katoa o te 150 m ^2:

2500 × 150 = 375 mano. Mirimiria.

I muri te tangohanga takoha hua kupenga, e ka whakaatu mahi kōtuhi pehea angitu, he reira pai ki te haumi i roto i a ia to ratou moni, te wā me te kaha. Ko te kupu, ko te hoki ki runga ki te mahi kōtuhi i roto i greens tipu ki te tātai tika ai kia maha ngā marama. Ko te rapu tonu mō ngā kiritaki taea te kaipakihi ki te hanga i te pai i roto i te tuatahi o nga tau o te mahi, na he manakohia te moni o te mahi kōtuhi.

mahere haumi

Ko te mahere haumi ngā te kaupapa o haumi haumi ranei i roto i ngā wāhanga katoa o te whanaketanga pakihi, te nui o te whakapaipai tuatahi. Ka waiho i te haumi tuatahi he kōtuhi. whiwhi kaipakihi te tuhinga kaupapa mo reira, me te whatunga waho katoa. He mea nui ki te mohio ki te nui o te utu i te reira katoa o te taputapu. He mea tika ki te tohatoha moni mo te hanganga o greenhouses, hononga ki whatunga (hiko, te wai), ko te hoko o te taputapu me te whakatō rauemi. E whakaurua ēnei haumi i roto i te i roto i-aho utu pau e te kaipakihi ki te farii i to ratou pai tuatahi i te greenhouses.

He aha te momo o te kōtuhi ki te whiriwhiri?

I mua i te hoko i te kōtuhi e whakatau ona momo. momo greenhouses tei runga i ngā takiwā makariri, te whānui me te pū o te ōhanga:

• Greenhouses momo raumati-marama e ohie ka hoatu ki roto ki o haora i te tokorua. te hanga tenei momo o whare i roto i te torutoru haora. putanga Summer o greenhouses whakamahia te nuinga rite tiaki ki ua taimaha me pests.
• momo hotoke Greenhouses, pai ka taea te hanga te rā te tauturu, me te mau tonu i te microclimate tika. Na reira, he tika ana ake mo te maara o tetahi tipu, tae atu ki ngā puawai ratou.

Materials mō greenhouses

Te hanga i te pāmahana te tipu e tika ana ko te utu nui. e kore e Cheap Galicia e taea ki te pupuri i te pāmahana tika mo te wa roa. He mea nui ki te whakaaro e pā ana ki te kōwhiringa o te rauemi, ka e kia whakamahia i roto i tona hanganga. I teie mahana te rongonui o enei momo o rauemi:

• Karāhe. He wa tino roa, te mahi kōtuhi i roto i te kāinga i hanga ki runga ki tetahi o nga rauemi matua i roto i te take nei - i te karaihe. I whakamahia te reira ki te waihanga kōtuhi kiriweti, taea pai nei te whakamahi noa hinga te mutunga. whakawhiti Karāhe 90% o te marama. Ko mo nga marama o te hōtoke makariri, he tika taua mea, ahakoa o ahakoa e whakamahia te hatete atu. Te karaihe e te ngoikoretanga rite brittleness, Ka taea e pāmahana iti whakangaromia ia. ka nui noa atu te nui te utu glazing. I roto i tenei whakaaro, he pai hoki te whakamahi rangitahi te rauemi.
• Polyethylene - te rauemi e whakamahia ana mo te wa roa i roto i te maha greenhouses kōwhiringa. painga Ko tōna - iti utu whakaritea ki ētahi atu rauemi. Heoi, he drawback nui ko te hōkaiipurangi iti. ka hiahia atu puna o te marama maha tipu. he tika ki te whakatuwhera i manakohia rangi ki te otaota te kōtuhi he rā. Ko te rauemi he kaha iti me te kaha wera iti, na ko reira pai anake hoki greenhouses raumati.
• e kore e taea te whakaaro pakihi kōtuhi Home kahore polycarbonate. Ko reira he hua o te hangarau hou, 250 nga wa atu roa me 8 ngā wā mama atu i te karaihe. He maha ngā wā ki runga ake i taua o te karaihe, me te polyethylene Ko tōna kaha wera. Anake Polycarbonate Ko te rauemi pai mō te greenhouses hotoke. Ki te whakarite i te kătahi nui o te marama taea e kore ko te tuanui polycarbonate kōtuhi neke atu i te 9 mm. kia nui te taiepa. A, no te kōwhiri i te kōtuhi polycarbonate he nui ki te mohio e he reira e wātea ana i roto i te rua ngā momo: mārō, me te pūtau. He tāpiri nui he polycarbonate, mai te mea te reira nui mārama me mahana atu i nukurau. e tūtohu ana hoki te mahi polycarbonate kōtuhi.

mutunga

Greenhouse - he mahi e kua ki te whakawhanake tonu, me te whakapai ake. whakataetae High i roto i te ahumahi whakaiti te auau o te pai. He hangarau hou, engari i te wa taua whakanui ake utu taputapu. Na reira, kia te kaipakihi e taea e kore anake ki te kaihoko tupu, ka arahina e te mākete, ki te whakamahi i te auahatanga me te whakawhānui pakihi.