Pi: whakaahuatanga pi momo, āhuatanga me ngā hua Beekeeping

Momo o te pi (Apoidea) i reira ko te nui nui. Anake i roto i te wahi Pākehā o te mua Soviet Union i reira e neke atu i te mano. Ko, o te akoranga, o te moni ki te tangata, ko te kotahi anake momo - pī honi (i tahia mellifera).

I tīpakohia ratou nga pepeke tupuranga tino hua me o ratou iwi i mua. Ko te hua ko te putanga o te maha nui o ahu rerekē o e fanga. Ia o ratou he mea tika ki te whakato i roto i te wahi ngā ki ngā takiwā makariri e tika ana.

He bit o hītori: te momo rawa tuatahi o pi me ratou āhuatanga

Ko te wāhi o te Hymenoptera whakaaro te Middle Te Tai Rāwhiti, Europe me Africa. Ko te whakanohonoho o nga pi i roto i te tahi atu wahi o te iwi ao tetahi pānga kihai i tata i. Kei te whakaritea matua e āhuatanga maitai pērā i te huringa āhuarangi, te wao nui a. Ka rite ki te hua o te kōwhiringa kunenga - i runga i te wā, fakanatula - i reira ko te tahi mau ahu tahito o pi. karanga Beekeepers Modern ratou iwi. mahi ia taua rōpū, me te rite te tīmatanga mō te hanga i te mōrahi momo rata hua. "Āpitihanga" ki taua wāhi ngā - i te mea te mea te matua āhuatanga e pepeke pērā i pi. Momo, arotake o nei tino pai, te tikanga regionalized. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, puta noa i te ingoa o te momo i te wāhi i roto i nei i ahu te reira. He kawea, he pea ki te ngaro i roto i te hua i tetahi utuafare wheketere.

He aha ahu e muia i Russia

I roto i to tatou whenua, kei te mahi ano Beekeeping i roto i te wa roa. Na konei, i te momo "wahine mahi" pāmu pīhaonga, i reira e maha. Ko te momo tino rongonui o pi i roto i Russia Here:

• maunga Caucasian;

• Kranjska;

• Buckfast;

• Carpathian;

• Ukrainian;

• koraha;

• Central Russian.

Māngai o enei momo katoa - he pi rawa hua, me te āna. kia rerekē pi momo i runga i te papa whenua rerekē. He aha te mea te reira, a ka titiro ki muri.

I te aha whenua e taea te kitea tetahi momo i te tahi atu

Mau pi pepeke i huaina whānau Hymenoptera ki te wero koi me te kopu koura hipoki ki te whiu pango. I roto i tenei take, e taea te kitea tetahi momo i tetahi e te āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• te roa o te proboscis;

• taimaha me te rahi;

• āhuatanga tae;

• mauahara e;

• roylivosti;

• ātete mate.

pi Russian Central: whakaahuatanga whānui

muia ana tēnei momo i roto i Russia nga wahi katoa. Ko reira rongonui tae atu i roto i Siberia. kawea ia ia i konei i roto i te 1792 i Bashkiria Kānara NF Arshenevsky. I muri i taua, āta timata enei pi ki te noho puta noa i Siberia. Neke atu i te te rau tau mua, e kore kua puta ke te ahua o momo Pahikia. He nga āhuatanga e whai ake nei Srednerusskaya momo o pi:

• proboscis 5.9-6.4 mm;

• rawa nui (kotahi pi ra e ata e pā ana ki 110 g);

• tae pouri - i mangu ki hina hohonu, kahore kōwhaitanga;

• whakautu nohopuku ki akiaki waho, me te mauahara e;

• keno ki ngahuehue;

• ātete mate me te manawanui.

Painga o nga pi Russian Central

Ki te rā, whakaaro tenei momo te ki kia i roto i to tatou whenua, ko te hua tino. Hoki rere Central Russian pi e taea kawe te nui nui o te honi. Ko tenei momo, hei tauira, nona te kohinga record ki fireweed - 328 kg ia tau o te utuafare.

Ko te kaha ki te painlessly whakawhiti bezobletny wā moetanga 7-8 marama - tetahi atu painga e titore enei pi. Te whakawhānau pi, rite whakahuatia kua, i runga i to ratou ake heke rawa varavara. e kore hoki pokapū Russia ko te take. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga momo onge e taea horahia ki runga i ngā wāhi nui, kahore wawaotanga tangata.

Kia aroha mai, i tenei ra e te aufauraa i te Central Beekeepers pī Russian rawa nui aro. A ko reira i roto i te maumau. Ko te mau tenei te momo pai o pi i runga i te rohe o Russia. Ko tōna kakama tiketike, wātea i te mate ki mate, te manawanui - katoa o e taea te hanga te pīhaonga ko nui atu utu-whai hua atu i roto i ngā momo tupuranga tonga.

steppe Ukrainian: whakaahuatanga

Kia pehea te rite i kore te mohio ki tonu tenei momo ki te tangata. Ētahi kairangahau whakapono e nga pi steppe Ukrainian - te reira noa te peka tonga o Central. Etahi whakaaro e he reira he whanaunga o nga Carpathians Kranjska ranei. Engari kia e rite kia reira, he pera rerekē i tetahi atu momo o pi e rua i roto i te ahua me te whanonga o ngā āhuatanga e taea ngāwari te taratahi te koraha Ukrainian ko te momo motuhake. I meatia i roto i te 1929, pūtaiao A. S. Skorikovym.

Ko te āhuatanga motuhake matua o steppe Ukrainian he:

• proboscis 6.34-6.64 cm te roa;

• taimaha kaua teitei (105 g);

• pouri te tae hina kahore kōwhaitanga;

• e kore tohu tiketike rawa o te mauahara e;

• keno iti ki te ngahuehue;

• ātete ki mate, me te ngāwari ki te pāmahana iti.

Huapai me ngā huakore o pi steppe Ukrainian

Ko te painga o tenei momo, i roto i te tua ki te manawanui, ngā hua tiketike, me te mahi mo te tiaki o ratou ohanga i tahae honi atu pepeke. Hua, ngāwari i roto i te kāwanatanga predroevogo, te fakahehema ki te mau tonu te pai taenga o te viivii - he te tahi mea rerekē pi steppe Ukrainian. Uri pi te wehe me te tikanga rere honi. steppe Ukrainian tenei faatura iho ki etahi atu momo i roto i. I roto i ona huakore e matua e he reira e taea ki te kohikohi waihonga anake i tipu ki te ihirangi tiketike o te huka (18%).

pi Carpathian: tohu o te momo

Kei te hoki āhuatanga tēnei momo i te huinga katoa o ngā āhuatanga ōhanga me te koiora. timata te ako pūnahanaha o taua mea i roto i 1966 i raro i selhozakademii ratou i te kaupapa o Ahorangi. Timiryazeva GA Avtisyana. Āhuatanga momo Carpathian o pi e whai ake āhuatanga matua:

• rawa roa proboscis 6.3-7 m;

• rahi nui (ki runga, ki te 110 g);

• puku hina;

• te rongo-aroha;

• e kore keno tiketike rawa ki te ngahuehue;

• ātete whanaunga ki mate me te oreraa ki te pāmahana iti.

pi Carpathian i roto i mua atu i te tahi atu ahu, timata tau ki te kohikohi waihonga. Honey, enei pepeke tā "maroke" tikanga.

Etahi wa i mua, te whakawhānau Beekeepers tutu'a motuhake muia momo pī Carpathian i - Moscow. kararehe o tenei rōpū ra Taumaha taea tae 120 g Tae momo o pi Moscow he hiriwa kanapa.

Huapai me ngā huakore o te momo Carpathian

Ko te painga o pi e noho ana i roto i nga raorao o nga Carpathians, ngā hua tiketike, manawanui me te huru rangimarie. Rerekē te tokomaha noa atu, taea ki te kohikohi i te nui nui o te honi, ara ki te tipu ki te ihirangi huka iti tenei momo ko. Ko te āhuatanga o tenei pi ko te nuinga ki te tahae, heke hanga o propolis me huru tau'a ki te purehurehu ware pi. Otiia, e tika ana ki te hua nui, Carpathian me Moscow - he momo tino hira o pi i roto i Russia.

Kranjska pi

i hanga tēnei momo i roto i te raorao o nga māeroero. Ko te i ia i muri haere pi Carpathian. I roto i to tatou climates ko tenei momo o ngā uara ōhanga. Ko tōna āhuatanga motuhake taketake e:

• e kore proboscis roa rawa (6.9 mm);

• taimaha tika nui (110 g);

• hina ki te takatu ai hiriwa, he tae pango hāurakaho ranei o te puku;

• pūāhua rangimarie;

• keno kaua tiketike ki te ngahuehue;

• hardiness hotoke me te ātete ki te mate.

I roto i te tahi atu mea, āhuatanga te momo e whanaketanga puna wawe. Pi kohikohi waihonga taea ratou i te teitei o 1500 mita i runga ake te taumata moana.

Pai me ngā raruraru o Kranjska pi

Ko te painga o tenei momo ngā mahi nui i runga i te kohinga honi kaha, te kaha ki te whakawhiti hohoro i te kino rawa ki nga tipu pai e kua taunga ki te tikanga huarere kino, kohi economical o kai i roto i te hotoke. whakaaro te drawback matua o te momo keno motu Carpathian ki ngahuehue te tiaki ngoikore o ohanga i tahae.

Āhuatanga uri Buckfast

Momo o pi, te whakaahuatanga o nei i homai i runga, e taea e peu i roto i tata rohe katoa o te whenua. Buckfast - he ahua o hua, engari e kore e matao-ātete rawa. Na reira, he mea e tika ana mō te māra i roto i te matua anake i roto i te climates tonga. Whakarewatia i tenei kākano i roto i nga tau 20 o te rau tau moke whakamutunga Carl Kerhle i whiti i te, Anatolian, Makeronia, ahu Ihipiana, me te Kariki Italian. Ko te āhuatanga matua o te pī Buckfast he:

• proboscis roa waenganui;

• taimaha taimaha (115 g);

• kākahu tae kōwhai-parauri;

• rangimārie;

• keno toharite ki ngahuehue;

• ātete mate (ngā ki akarapidozom) me te tūtohutanga ki te pāmahana iti.

Pi tenei momo rawa pai horoia o otaota me pununga honé taea rere hoki te utu whakapati i runga i tawhiti roa.

Huapai me ngā huakore

O te momo Western katoa Pākehā o te pi Buckfast ko te hua tino. Ano, i enei pi rerekē fecundity me te urutau tiketike ki te huri ngā āhuatanga taiao. Ko te huakore ngā tohu matua iti o hardiness. A, no te hua i roto i te rohe o te raki o Russia hoki kia kia mahana enei pununga honé o pi.

Mountain pi Caucasian: te āhuatanga matua o

He aha te momo o pi muia i te tonga o to tatou whenua ano? ora te nuinga maunga Caucasian i nga maunga o Ararata, Georgia ko Azerbaijan. I roto i to tatou whenua, kua diluted reira i roto i te Territory Krasnodar me Stavropol. Ko tōna āhuatanga matua e whai ake:

• proboscis 6.7-7.25 mm;

• e kore rawa nui papatipu tinana (90 g);

• tae hiriwa-hina ki kahore he inclusions chitin kowhai;

• keno iti ki te ngahuehue;

• e kore tiketike rawa ātete ki mate, ki te oreraa huka.

Pi kore tenei momo e rite kopata. Na reira, i roto i te pununga honé hiahiatia ki te whakarite ventilation pai. I roto i te wa makariri, e taea te pupuri i tenei momo o pi i roto i te huarahi hotoke kore anake, engari ano hoki i runga i te waho.

Pai me ngā raruraru o te momo Caucasian hina

Ko te painga o tenei momo o pi i roto i te wahi tuatahi ko te kaha ki te kohikohi i te nui nui o te honi, ara ki te tipu e roto i iti te huka. Taumaha taonga i roto i te taenga e taea e ki runga ki te 1.5 kg ia ra. Hoki whakaaro he momo Grey Caucasian me te he kaha pai o ngā whānau ki te tiaki i ohanga me te tukua tiketike o propolis.

pā te āhuatanga o tenei momo o pi matua kore ātete rawa pai ki te mate. Hoki te hunga i roto i te pununga honé o koroni pi kia ki te hanga i te tikanga tino whakamarie. Ina whakaritea ki te koraha Ukrainian me pokapū Russia, e kore he tino māhaki o pāmahana iti tenei momo. Ko te aha te mea reira e tika ana i te nuinga mō te hua anake i roto i te rohe tonga o te whenua. Hoki, kei te ngaro enei pi e rave rahi atu momo o te honi i roto i ngā o te putanga i te utu whakapati teitei.

Ko te hua matua o Beekeeping

Ko te painga matua o nga momo katoa whakaahuatia i runga ko, o te akoranga, te hua tiketike. He aha te tikanga o te tenei wā? Ko te hua matua he pi honi, ware pi me propolis. I tua atu, kei te muia ēnei pepeke i runga i apiaries i roto i te tikanga ki te whiwhi tiēre kingi rawa nui, hae me te pi ware ngau.

āhuatanga o te honi

Ko te hua matua o te Beekeeping kua rawa he hanganga matū matatini. Honey he rongoa, bactericidal me ngā āhuatanga kai. Ko tōna āhuatanga whakawhirinaki i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha: ka taea e whai i te momo o pi, tipu momo, ngā āhuatanga huarere, etc. runga anō i tenei honi ihirangi wai rerekē, hanganga matū, tae, tohu o te whātioatanga, etc .....

Types o tenei hua, i reira e rave rahi:

• rawa wai (clover, he hitimi);

• wai (Buckwheat, kotakota);

• matotoru (aihere);

• piripiri (honeydew);

• tiēre (parei).

whakamahia Honey te i roto i te kai, poke me te rongoā. Kei te whakamahia te reira i roto i keke me pōhā, hanga ki ona whakamahi o anti-hoholo aihikirīmi, hāpiapia me shampoos. I roto i te rongoā, kei te nuinga whakamahia tenei hua rite te whakapakari i te pūnaha ārai mate me te māngai anti-inflammatory. I tua atu, he hoki te honi, he rongoā paturopi tūturu.

Rōmāniana uara

Tenei hua i roto i te taenga mahi e rua ngā mahi: ki te tiaki i nga pi i makuku mā te hipoki ratou anga chitin, a ka kaimahi rite he rauemi mō te hanga pūtau. Ka rite ki te honi, pi te waki i kia whai i te tae rerekē, me te hanganga. Whakamahia tenei hua nui i roto i te maha ngā wāhi o te ōhanga: te ahumahi hiako, ahumahi marama, kai, a tae noa i roto i te metallurgy me te ahumahi manureva. Ko tētahi o nga wāhi matua o te tono, ko te rongoā. Ko te ware pi e whakamahia ana i roto i te maimoatanga o mate kiri, rite motu whakaora me te māngai anti-inflammatory.

He aha te mea propolis?

Ko tetahi hua whiwhi ki runga ki waimehatanga o pepeke pērā i pi tenei. He maha pi momo, me hua e ratou katoa propolis whai hua. Tohutoroa ki piripiri rite motuhake he pouri i roto i te tae. Pi whakamahi i te reira ki te hiritia kapiti i roto i te taenga mai. Te tae me te kakara o te taonga whakawhirinaki matua i runga i te mea ahua o te tipu honi tupu i roto i te tata ki te pīhaonga. Ka taea e propolis kia parauri mangu ranei. momo katoa o ngā matūkai - huaora, waikawa amino me āhuatanga wahi - kei tenei hua he nui nui.

kitea te kāpia pi tino whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te rongoā. Ki te tona katoatia te tauturu whāki me ētahi atu mate kiri, gastritis, whewhe keté, colitis me te t. D.

tiēre kingi

Ko pea tenei te hua tino faufaa o te Beekeeping. Milk whakamahia mō te kai ngārara uterine torongū i ngā wāhanga katoa o te whanaketanga. Ko te stimulant koiora rawa kaha, arā, o te tau nui o ngā wāhanga. Ko te rite o te tiēre rite kirīmi kawa, me te kua he tae ma.

He whai hua ana tēnei hua pī nuinga ki te meka i he reira e taea ki te whakapiki ake i tino te wātea i te mate o te tangata. whakamahia Milk hoki mo te maimoatanga o mate io, pākoko, me te paruparu, te pēhanga māori, e tukupu ana te huka toto, a na reira i runga i. D.

Hae me te pi ware ngau

Ka karanga Ambrosia hae, pepeke kohia i roto i te taonga mo te hotoke. Hei te reka o tenei hua rite rai taro. I roto i te Pereka rite propolis, kei nui o waikawa amino, huaora me ngā ōpapa. A ngaungau i te reira katoa i 100%. Ko te wāhi matua o te whakamahi o te hae, he rongoā me te cosmetology.

Bee ware ngau Ko te hua motuhake o te mahi secretory i te tinana o te pepeke. Ko te mārama, wai taekore ki te kakara, kaua ahuareka. e kore te tino mohio ki tona hanganga matū noa nei. Kei te whakapono te reira e whakamate ki te tangata kia riro 500 ngau ngārara i te wa ano. I roto i te rahinga iti rite pi ware ngau taea te whakamahi rite māngai anti-inflammatory me antimicrobial.

hei utu o te hopearaa

momo Bee, muia i Russia, i reira e maha. E āhuatanga nuinga o ratou i te hua nui. Hua Central Russian, Ukrainian, pi maunga hina, me te tahi atu momo kōrero i runga e taea e mahi pono pai, mau mai i tona ariki te moni pai, me te ōhanga - painga sino.