Prishvin: he haurongo (mō ngā tamariki). Mihail Mihaylovich Prishvin: Life ko Mahi

kaituhi Russian M. M. Prishvin - kaituhi o maha pukapuka me ngā kōrero poto e pā ana ki te taiao. Na, ka rite ki te â Aivazovsky seascapes i tuhituhi, he mea ahurei i roto i tona pūkenga tuhituhi i roto i te āhua toi whakaahua. ako ngā ākonga tona mahi mai te toru o nga kōeke me mohio nei Prishvin. Haurongo mō ngā tamariki e taea e rawa ngā, no te mea haere e ia he rota, a ka kite i tetahi rota o te āhua rerekē ari mīharo. tuhituhi ia i roto i tona rātaka tenei katoa, ka ki te utu i roto i te rauemi taketake mō te hanga o te kōrero i muri pūrākau ranei. No reira taua liveliness me naturalness o whakapakoko whakamārama ana ia. Ko te kahore miharo Prishvina ingoa kaiwaiata o te natura Russian.

Prishvin. Haurongo mō ngā tamariki

Wāhi o te kaituhi Mikhail Prishvin i roto i te tau 1873 ki te whānau kaihokohoko i roto i te kainga o Khrushchev Eletski County Orel kawanatanga. mate tona papa, ka ko ia 7 tau, tahi ki Misha i te whaea noho i roto i te ringa o ono atu tamariki. I te tuatahi, puta te tamaiti i te kura kainga, ka ako i te hākinakina Elets, engari mo te talangata'a tona kaiwhakaako i peia i reira.

Katahi ka haere ia ki tona matua keke Tyumen ki Ignatov, i taua wa ko e he industrialist nui i roto i te mara Siberian pakeke. He te puta tetahi taitamariki Prishvin i te kura tūturu Tyumen. I te 1893 ka tomo ia te Kuratini Riga i te teihana matū-ahuwhenua. Mai 1896 tīmata taitamariki Prishvin ki te tiki wāhi i roto i te porowhita tōrangapū, ngā Marxist, hoki i hopukina e ia i roto i 1897, ka tonoa ki te kainga i roto i te oire o Elec.

Ko te ara ki te tuhinga

I roto i te 1900, ka tono tangata Prishvin Mihail ki ako i te University o Leipzig i Germany i te Philosophical Faculty o agronomy tari. I muri i te wa, ka hoki ia ki a Russia, a mahi hei agronomist i te kawanatanga o Tula, a aru ana i roto i te kawanatanga pa Moscow o Lugano i te taiwhanga o Ahorangi D. Pryanishnikova, ka i roto i Agricultural Academy o Pita. Na ka ka ia te hēkeretari o te pā ana St. Petersburg nui, e āwhina kia tuhinga ahuwhenua. Na kua ki te aroaro o te revolution, ka ia he kaipūrongo taua tohi motu rite te "Russian Gazette", "ata o Russia", "Speech", "Day".

I roto i te Prishvina Tuatahi Ao tangohia ki te mua rite te tika, me te hauora kaituhi whawhai. I muri i te Revolution o 1917 , fakatahai ia mahi kia rite ki te kaiako i roto i Elets hākinakina (no o reira kotahi ia i peia) me arata'i te mahi o te agronomist ngā tikanga rohe. Prishvin ara hei te mau melo o te whare taonga e kikī ana te ora i roto i Dorogobuzh, te whenua o Baryshnikov mua.

Fakatupú Prishvina (poto)

haamata Michael Prishvin tona mahi tuhituhi i roto i 1906 ki te kōrero "Sasha". Na ka haere ia i runga i te haere i roto i te Russian Te Tai Tokerau (Karelia) me i te wa ano rawa pukumahi ki pakiwaitara rohe, me te hia kē. Na reira me i 1907 te pukapuka tuatahi ui ko e "I roto i te whenua e kore manu wehi." Ko he tuhipoka haere, kaituhi whakaemi o ana kitenga maha o te natura, me te ora mohoao o iwi raki. kawea mai ana tēnei pukapuka ia rongo nui. I whakawhiwhia te kaituhi te mētara o te Society Geographical Imperial, a tae noa ka he mema hōnore. Mai timata ki te whai hua auaha Prishvina. tuhituhi poto e pā ana ki reira kia ngāwari ki te kore.

taranata tuhi

Ko tōna nehenehe, kōrero aravihi ngā feongoongoi tonu whakaako i te inquisitiveness, te rotarota o te natura, a tae noa kaupapa tūturu. Rārangi Prishvina mahi puta noa whakakiia mahi nehenehe pērā i "hoki te pōro makutu» (1908), "Black Arab" (1910) me etahi atu tona ora. Ko te kaituhi Prishvin nohoia he wāhi motuhake i roto i te tuhinga, me te kua kua pai riro i roto i ngā o te rongonui St. Petersburg kaituhi pērā i A. Poraka Remizov, D. Merezhkovskii. Mai i 1912 ki te 1914, puta te marama nga mahi tuatahi kohia o M. M. Prishvina i toru ngā pukapuka. Maxim Gorky ia wāhi ki tona putanga o te pukapuka.

tonu Rārangi Prishvina mahi ki te tupu i roto i nga tau 1920-1930 whakaputaina e ia tona pukapuka "hu", "Springs Berendey" kōrero "Ginseng" me maha atu mahi whakamiharo. Ko te mea tino ngā ko e te tirohanga hohonu ki te ora o te natura i hanga ngā pūrākau me tales, rite i homai te reira i te manga i roto i te kaituhi. Tales Prishvina rerekē lyrical me ataahua. te peita ratou te papatae toi o tona kainga tupu taonga o te kaituhituhi. kōrero a ngā tamariki, me tales patupaiarehe Prishvina kawe te mure ore te whakaaro nui o tahuri etahi o nga whakapakoko i roto i te tohu maha-utu.

kōrero o ngā tamariki me te tales patupaiarehe

haere ia i te rota me te tonu te mahi i runga i tona pukapuka MM Prishvin. Tona haurongo Ko atu rite te ora o te kaikoiora me matawhenua, taiao. Ko te mea i roto i te taua rangahau ngā, me te whakaongaonga, me te whanau o ana kōrero ngā, he tokomaha o nei kihai i ara i whakaaro, engari noa masterfully whakaahuatia. A pera i taea e ia rave i te reira Prishvin anake. Haurongo mō ngā tamariki ngā Ko te meka e tokomaha o ana kōrero me tales tika ia tukutaha ai te kaipānui taitama nei i roto i tona whanaketanga hinengaro taea te utu etahi wheako whai hua i pānui te pukapuka.

Mikhail he outlook mīharo. I roto i ana mahi hanga e ia he ara maiteraa tuhituhi faahiahia. He rota o ngā kōrero a ngā tamariki kohikohi ia i roto i tona pukapuka "Te kararehe-Chip", "Lisichkin taro" (1939). I te tau 1945 i reira ko he "ra pātaka" - he korero patupaiarehe mō tamariki, no te mea o ratou totohe me te whakahawea hinga ki te ringa o te mshar e wehingia ana (waimaori), i ora i te kuri hopu.

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He aha na ko kaituhi kia angitu MM Prishvin? Tona koioranga tohu e te pai o tona kaiāwhina ka he rātaka, i puritia e ia tona ora katoa. Katoa ra, tuhituhi ia ki te katoa, i taua wa kaituhi oaoa, me te faauruhia, koutou whakaaro katoa e pā ana ki te wā, e pā ana ki te whenua, me te e pā ana ki te hapori.

Ia te tuatahi faaite te whakaaro o te revolution, a ka kite a reira rite te purenga fakalaumālie, me te morare. Ko te wā, he mōhio o te hopearaa mate o tenei ara ia, kia rite ki Mikhail kite mua, ko kore i matara atu i taua o te tangata katoa hou i hanga fascism kāwanatanga totalitarian whakawehi ana e arbitrariness me te tutu.

Prishvin, rite maha atu kaituhi Soviet, i ki fakangaloku, ki whakaititia me te tukinotia tona ngākau. He he he ara tomokanga ngā i roto i tona rātaka, e fa'i ia: "tanumia e ahau toku hinengaro whaiaro a ka nei inaianei i ahau."

Tohenga e pā ana ki te ahurea rite te whakaoranga o te tangata katoa

Na ka korerorero ia i roto i tona rātaka e anake e taea te tautoko i te ora tika ina te whakaratohia reira ahurea, i te auraa e te pono o te tahi atu tangata. E ai ki a ia, i roto i te hapori ahurea e taea ora rite te tamaiti pakeke. Ia tohe ano e te aroha e hāngai ana, me te matauranga - e kore te mea tika he pūtake iwi, me te pai nui i e kua hoatu ki te tangata.

January 3, whakaahua ana 1920 Prishvin kaituhi ana mana'o o te kai, me te rawakore, ki i kawea e ia te mana o nga Sovietí. O te akoranga, ka taea e koe e ora i te wairua, ki te ki kia noa tīmataria tenei, engari tetahi mea ina hanga e koe he aituā tika ke ki to koutou i pai ai.

Kaiwaiata āhua Russian

Mai 1935, ano hanga e ia tona haerenga ki te kaituhi Russian Te Tai Tokerau Prishvin. Haurongo mō ngā tamariki e taea kia tino mōhiohio. whakamōhio ratou te reira ki te haere maere, rite hanga e ratou he kaituhi ngingila me runga kaipuke, ki te hoiho, a na kaipuke, me i waewae. I roto i tenei wa mataara ia he rota, me te tuhi. I muri i tenei haerenga ka kite te marama o tona pukapuka hou "Berendeeva puia."

I roto i te kaituhi nui Patriotic i whakatahia ia i roto i te rohe Yaroslavl. I te tau 1943 ka hoki ia ki a Moscow, a tuhituhi kōrero "Forest makaka" me "Phacelia". I roto i te 1946, hokona ia he fare iti i roto i te Moscow Dunino, te wahi ora ia te nuinga i roto i te raumati.

I roto i te waenganui o te hotoke 1954 Prishvin Michael mate o te mate pukupuku puku. Kei tanumia ia i roto i te urupā Moscow i runga i Vvedensky.