Pūkaha Turbo: whakaahuatanga, ngā āhuatanga, te mahi parau tumu me ngā whakaahua

mohio katoa atekōkiri e te wehea te pūkaha ngingiha ā-i runga i te pūrere, me te parau tumu o te mahi ki kōhauhau me te turbocharged. Ko mārama kore katoa te rerekētanga i waenganui i te wae mana. Kia titiro a ki te rerekētanga i waenganui i te pūkaha Turbo, pehea te mahi i te reira, a pehea te mahi i te reira. Maheni ki enei motors ki Tauira wae hou rōpū Efraimot.

Turbo penehīni

Penehīni Turbo - ko te pūkaha ngingiha ā- ki te āwenewene nui haere tika ki te mīhini huri hiko tohu o kōpeketanga i roto i nga ruma. Hua o te tohu e homai he hua i roto i te kaha me te tahi atu āhuatanga hangarau. mai ake kua tamata te tīmatanga o te tuatahi Engineers pūkaha ngingiha ā-ki te tāpiri mana kahore huringa nui i roto i te rōrahi displacement o te pūkaha.

I para tuatahi, ko ngā te whakatau i runga i te mata - ko reira tika ki te āwhina i te pūkaha atu pai ki "manawa". e whakarato ana tēnei pai āhuatanga parariraa o te ranunga wahie. Tenei kia tutuki i te supply rangi atu. No reira, he mea e tika ana ki te homai ki te ipurau e takoha, i raro i te pēhanga. Ki te rōrahi rangi atu o te wahie he tino ngingihatia, me e ka āwhina i ki ake i te āheinga. Ko e whakaurua enei hangarau rawa āta. kua I te timatanga o te taputapu matangirua-compressor kua whakamahia anake hoki engines nui o kaipuke, me te waka rererangi.

History penehīni turbocharged pūkaha ngingiha ā-

tāuta te pūkaha matangirua tuatahi i roto i te rau tau whakamutunga. ka anga automotive turbocharged engine ngingiha ā-tuatahi ki te whakaputa i roto i te tau 1938. I roto i te wawe 60 o roto i te Hau Amui no Marite timata ki te whakaputa i engines tuatahi me te mīhini huri hiko mō waka pāhihi. Tenei motokā Oldmobile Jetfire me Chevrolet Corvair Monza. Hoki e te āhuatanga e tika tiketike, me te mauroa ona engines katoa mahi.

tīmata rongonui

ka anga Popular turbocharged engine ngingiha ā-i roto i te 70. Na ka anga ratou ki te whakatū i waka hākinakina pehu. Otiia i roto i te pūkaha ā kihai i waka matangirua hei rongonui no o te kohi wahie tiketike. rerekē tēnei hapa engines penehīni turbocharged katoa o te wā. Otiia ko te tino nui i taua wa wahie kohi. i tenei wa te raruraru hinu i roto i te 70.

Pūrere penehīni pūkaha matangirua-ngingiha

Te hātepe mahi penehīni turbocharged powertrain ko te whakamahi o te compressor motuhake. Ko te raruraru whakamutunga - patia ki te rōrahi rangi atu o te ruma ngingiha. Na roto i te whakapai ake i te whakakī o ngā ipurau ki te ranunga o te rangi, me te wahie te whakanui ake i te pēhanga whai hua toharite, me te mana ia huringa nui haere te. Ko te pūnaha puku o turbochargers hau whakapau e whakamahia, te pūngao o e e mahi whai hua.

Ko te compressor Modern he tinana ki te whanau, he wira, he piha karo, he whare mīhini huri hiko. e wātea ana ki te whakahinuhinu te takere o te muri. reira i roto i te hanganga o te take rotor, te hoki ahunga, te compressor, te actuator whāhauhau o te piha karo. I roto i te take i reira e eke te ahunga, eke te he rotor. Ko te kakau ki te mīhini huri hiko, me te compressor nga wira eke ki runga ki taua mea. I muri i reira he matatahi. Ka taea e tēnei rotor takahuri mā te retireti ahunga. Hoki ratou whakahinuhinu tukua me te hinu meangiti te i te pūnaha whakahinuhinu o te pūkaha. Hei matao atu amo whare, me takere coolant whakamahia hoki. hanga ana tēnei huānga compressor te i roto i te āhua o te ngata.

parau tumu o te mahi

Kei te hono mīhini huri hiko pupuha ki te maha whakapau. He compressor - te kokoru. Ka rite ki kua tuhia, peia te turbocharger e te pūngao o te hau whakapau. Ko ratou i roto i te whakapā ki te koané te rotor mīhini huri hiko, reira hoatu pūngao. I tua atu, i roto i te whakapau ngā haurehu putorino tomo te pūnaha whakapau.

me te wira compressor "ngata" eke i runga i te take kotahi. Nā ki te huringa o te wira mīhini huri hiko compressor ngotea hau i te tātari rangi me papua reira ki te ruma ngingiha. Tei runga i te taumata o te pūrere whakanui kia whakapai ake i te kaha pēhanga i te 30% ki te 80%. Ki tenei pūkaha ki te rōrahi taua o te ranunga e taea te tango i roto i moni nui. Ko reira i roto i nui haere tenei wae mana te i te 20% ki te 50%. hau whakapau me ratou pūngao te nuinga nui haere nekeneke pai.

wae Turbo

Āhua whakaritea te taua kei te me te matangirua engine (diesel). E kore e te parau tumu o te mahi o te turbocharger rerekē i te penehīni. Ko te rerekētanga anake - te aroaro o te intercooler. Ko te tikanga motuhake e mātao te hau i mua i tomo te reira i te ipurau tenei. Ko te rōrahi o te rangi matao iti iho i te mahana. tikanga o tēnei e taea hau matao "Rawe" i roto i te puoto i roto i te rahinga nui.

engines tsi

E tāuta ēnei wae ki runga ki te tauira o "Volkswagen" motokā "Audi" me "Skoda" nāianei. no ratou katoa ki te āwangawanga taua. titau Manufacturers e ko te whakatupuranga hou o engines, e fakatahai te mana, me te kakama tenei. I roto i te take e kore te mea e tika ana ki te tatari ki mau puāwaitanga te pūkaha ngingiha ā-i rōrahi iti, te mana motuhake i ia. Ki te he rite ki te kotahi ton, me te pūkaha mana-iti te taimaha waka, e arahi tenei ki teitei kohi wahie tika ki nga akiakinga iti me te mahi i kīia e tiketike.

Engine ki te rōrahi nui o te auau rere tiketike e tika ana ki te ruma nui ake parariraa. Turbo-engines ( "Skoda Octavia", "Volkswagen" me "Audi") - ko te semeio o te engineering. I roto i enei wae mana ngā kohi tano, me te rawaka te mana i te rōrahi āhua iti.

Tsi: pūrere

Na roto i te rōrahi, kia kia rerekē enei wae. Ko te kupu, DVS hua 1.2; 1.4; 1.6 rita. Na te Turbo pūkaha 1.8, 2.0 l. piki te mana engine tika ki te rōrahi nui. A te reira te whakatau tika. Na ka kōrero e pā ana ki te rerekētanga.

Turbocharged me supercharged

Tsi - Ko e rua wae turbocharged me supercharged. Kua whakamahia Efraimot rōpū o tohunga tenei hoahoa ki te whakaoti i te raruraru o te nekeneke paerewa. toutou te reira i roto i te revs pūkaha iti. Ki te whakaaro tatou te Turbo matarohia, ki te "ngata" mahi tika ruha hau. e kore e kaha pēhanga i mahi i roto i te tere iti tukua te supercharger ki te waihanga i te kaha e hiahiatia ana, ka whangai ki te ruma ngingiha te nui rawaka o te rangi.

1.8 Turbo engine ( "Sculpture") tāuta compressor. e kore e hoatu e ia te mana ki te hinga. taipana mōrahi i roto i te pūkaha kōhauhau noa ko i pā ana ki 5000 REV. / Min. I roto i te take o motors tsi taipana mōrahi kei roto i te awhe i 1500 REV. / Min ki 4500 REV. / Min. Tenei awhe mahi, whakamahia nei e te nuinga o ngā atekōkiri. Ko te motors tsi roto i te whakamahi o rua kapohau pressurized te ki 2.5 pae.

compressor

Tenei whakaminenga mahi i te momo puku whitiki motuhake. E ia he ōwehenga taputapu tiketike. whakawhiti te compressor te anake ka fakamālohii te taraiwa i runga i te hau. I tere tata ki tāhuna, te pēhanga o 0.8 BAR - he rawa te rota tenei. Nā ki tenei, hanga ana e ia pai mahi hihiri. Mai te rere i te pūkaha "Audi" 1.8 matangirua tsi. He whakatupuranga i mua, e kore e enei motors rite rawa ki te compressor. He ko te mīhini huri hiko anake.

Ko te pūkaha turbocharged 1,8 i "Sculpture"

Ko tenei kōwae i runga i te mākete hoki e pā ana ki te 20 nga tau. Ko te tino hira tenei tauira o te pūkaha ngingiha ā-a whakarewa te tono mō engines ki turbocharging. Tenei pūkaha rawa ki maha tauira o waka i te rōpū Efraimot. ka mau te tuatahi o tenei whakaminenga wahi i roto i te 1995.

Hoki te wā tuatahi i te pūkaha ( "Volkswagen Passat" B5) tāuta 1.8 matangirua i runga i te Audi "A4" (ae, whakamahi ratou te taua motors). Ko te āhuatanga, i reira e rave rahi tauira ki te kaha o 150 me 210 horsepower. I roto i te 2002 i hanga matou te kaha pūkaha o 190 "hoiho". Ko te pūkaha turbocharged o te "Volkswagen" ko te timatanga o te kaupapa katoa hou ki te faatura ki te pūkaha penehīni. hoatu ana e ia he mahi pai ki te nui āhua iti e tika ana ki te mīhini huri hiko. Ko te painga o tenei mīhini he hiahia āhua. "A4" tauira o "Audi" pau 8 rita ia 100 kiromita i runga i te huarahi. I roto i ngā tautuhinga tāone, e kore te mea neke atu i te 10 rita wahie kohi. Na roto i te he piha 20 i roto i te matenga puoto me te turbocharger, Engineers "Sculpture" taea riro auau teitei o taipana i mua i te torohaki tutuki i roto i te taumata 2 mano.

Na, ngā tenei pūkaha te elasticity pai, i te mea moku, ki tautuhinga Turbo, engari te tikanga o te mahi - penehīni. taea hoki noa te tahuri tēnei kōwae ki hau. Ko te tipu te mana ko tetahi o te pai i roto i te whānuitanga katoa. Mahinga, te kohi wahie āhua me te tika tiketike taea whakamanamana pūkaha. "Passat" (1.8 matangirua) E kāore kahore wae hanganga. Ahakoa inaianei, i roto i te tau hou o te tsi, tenei pūkaha tata rite kahore.

Turbo: huapai me ngā huakore

Ko te tāpiri matua e he matangirua - nui haere te mana. Ko te whāinga matua, i tutuki i waho tino huringa i roto i te hanganga tenei. A, no te taea te whakaora rite buka ki kōhauhau engine motors matangirua ake ki te 70% ake taipana me te kaha. Compressor whakaiti te ōrau o ngā matū kino i roto i nga hau whakapau. Ko te pūkaha rawa ki te mīhini huri hiko e te taumata haruru nui raro. Ka taea te tāuta ēnei tipu te mana i runga i tetahi waka. Ko te drawback matua - kohi wahie tiketike. Ko te nui o te piki rangi, a ka whakanuia ana te nui o te wahie pau. e kore e taea e tenei Engineers raruraru whakaoti. Hoki ngā te āhuatanga uaua i roto i te mahi. He tino tairongo ki te kounga o te wahie, me te hinu enei engines parariraa ā-. I tua atu ki te āhuatanga ngā te ora iti o te hinu, me te horoi i nga whiriwhiringa. rere ana te pūkaha i te tere tiketike. Nā ki tenei hinu hohoro mona ona āhuatanga.