Russian āhuatanga āhuarangi taketake. He aha te mea te āhuatanga āhuarangi-Russian?

āhuatanga huarere - tikanga o te hanganga o te tetahi momo o te āhuarangi. Tenei ai e pā te rangi pāmahana, ua me te tahi atu tohu nui. A feruri i te āhuarangi taketake take Russia - whenua nui rawa o te ao i te rohe.

radiation solar, ahopae me te tahi atu āhuatanga huarere

Ko te whetu o to tatou pūnaha - te puna matua o te wera i runga i te whenua. radiation me radiation taumata Solar - tetahi o nga take tino nui mō te hanganga o te āhuarangi. sphericity Nā koki ao hihi taurite i te weheruatanga i roto i te tropics me ahopae neke. Otiia e kore e anake tenei huru whakatau he aha e waiho te pāmahana, me te wa o te tau i roto i te tahi mau wāhi. He atu āhuatanga huarere nui:

• tohanga papatipu rangi;
• ngā wāhi ahopae;
• āhuatanga manawa;
• te pānga o te moana, nga moana, te pātata o te tahi atu mau fenua.

radiation solar

Ehara i nga hihi katoa o to tatou whetu tae mata o te whenua, me takoto te uara o te pūngao hou e te wāhi o te rohe, me te tei runga i te maha o te tahi atu mau tumu. kitea wāhanga o te marama (e pā ana ki te 20%) e te papa o runga o te kōhauhau. Mō 30% ko kapua E ruia ana o matūriki puehu me pata wai. Nui o te moni o te radiation hāngai, me te marara pa anga pakeke o te ao. I roto i tenei puka whakamutunga emit te radiation whenumi, ka kitea.

Tei te absorption i runga i te wera motuhake me te kawe ia ngāwhā o te mata whāriki. Water he kaha wera motuhake tiketike, moana me moana mimiti 95% radiation solar tika, āta kohikohi mahana i roto i te raumati, hotoke āta hoatu. hukarere White, te huka mimiti e pā ana ki 15%, me te whakaata 85% o te radiation kua tae nei te mata. Hoki reflectance oneone mangu - 4%.

āhuatanga huarere - he take tuitui mo te hanganga o te āhuarangi. Tenei he tauira o te pānga i runga i te toenga radiation o te tahi atu tikanga. Na, i runga i te rohe o Russia i neke i te raki ki te tonga o te radiation solar katoa heke e pā ana ki 2.7 wā. I te moutere o Sakhalin, kei roto i te Moana o Okhotsk i te rāwhiti Russia, whakaata kapua 70% o te rā. Ko te hua, ko te he āhuarangi atu nui atu i te taua ahopae roto tuawhenua.

tohanga kōhauhau

Ko te take matua mō te hanganga me te nekehanga o ngä nohanga nui o rangi - mata whakawera pāhiwihiwi ra o te whenua. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga tikanga matua mo te whakatū o te pēhanga kōhauhau rerekē i runga i te ao. Āhuatanga o tini rangi whakawhirinaki i runga i te wahi o to ratou hanganga, kia kaha i runga i te rangi moana moana, he maku reira, i runga i te tuawhenua - continental maroke. Haapotohia tohu reta mo enei momo e rua - te whakaatu i M a K., no te ako āhuatanga āhuarangi-Russian, kia mohio ki te whakaahua i te momo matua e toru o papatipu rangi - Arctic, e pehi me te pārūrū. Ka taea e waiho ratou moana, me te continental. Whakamahia taua whakapotonga: MAV, Kamupene, MSY, IMC, MTV, KTV.

Types anö papatipu rangi takoto āhuatanga āhuarangi me te rangi tino:

• pēhanga kōhauhau;
• te pāmahana i roto i te kahu mata o te kōhauhau;
• aronga hau tamau;
• mārama o te rangi;
• haumākū.

E taea e ki te taui i, ki te huri o ratou āhuatanga ōkiko, neke i runga i te mata o te whenua i tetahi rohe ki tetahi puranga Air.

ahopae matawhenua

Ko te ōwehenga i waenganui i moni me te whakapaunga o te radiation solar - toenga radiation - tetahi o nga āhuatanga huarere matua. pānga te reira i te tikanga waiariki o te oneone, me te tahi atu papa o te kōhauhau o raro. Mai i te toenga radiation tei runga i te whakaetonga o te wai, te huringa o tini rangi nui, te ora me te tipu o te tangata. Ko te aha te mea te āhuatanga huarere matua? Tenei ahopae - tawhiti i te weheruatanga ki te rohe tūhuratia i mata o te whenua.

I roto i Hōngongoi, te koki i waenganui i nga kurupae, me te mata whenua i roto i te tropics māramatanga Northern ko tata 90 °. Na, ia rohe wae atu pūngao, tikakatanga kaha te whenua, a i reira - te rangi. Ko te tata atu i te weheruatanga me te tropics, te makariri.

Ko te mana o te ahopae i runga i āhuarangi i roto i Russia

A feruri i te pānga o te take āhuarangi matua i runga i te tauira o te Russian Federation. hora te whenua i te haupapa Arctic ki te subtropics o te Caucasus, i te rohe Baltic ki Chukotka me moana o te Moananui a Kiwa. rerekē tino Climate i te raki ki te tonga, me te i te rawhiti ki te hauauru. He rangi e pehi ana, maha whakaekea papatipu hau matao i Arctic pā kurahaupō Siberian mākū rangi Atlantic.

momo nui, engari mo Russia te take āhuarangi taketake ko te tawhiti i te kōpae waenganui. A, no te haere ki nga rohe tonga o te whenua faarahi te uara o te radiation solar. Ko te ofi ki te Arctic Circle me te Te Tai Tokerau Pou, te makariri. Ko te kupu, i runga i te ahopae, tei reira matua i runga i ngā āhuatanga huarere wā roa-i roto i te rohe rerekē o te whenua.

Te awhina, te pānga o fenua me ngā moana - āhuatanga huarere

Ehara i tika te tohatoha o pāmahana rangi tino e rongo te ture o te taurohenga latitudinal me tei anake i runga i radiation solar. Ki te hono tatou te rārangi o nga pa Russian ki pāmahana raumati rite, e mea ohie ki te kite e runga e tū Hōngongoi isotherms te nuinga aua ahopae. Otiia i roto i te wahi Pākehā o Russia isotherm January 0, -8, c takoto tata raki atu i Siberia -10 °. tamaru te reira i te āhuarangi o te rohe ki runga ki te mana Urals o te Atlantic Ocean me ona ngā mahana.

mekameka Meridional Ural Mountains kei takaroa rangi takawai, me te mahana i te Atlantic. I runga i te rohe Kiwa o te isotherm i Hōngongoi he raro atu i te taua ahopae i te whenua, e tika ana ki te pānga o te Hautau raumati me te lahi i runga i te motu o Sakhalin, te radiation marara. A, no te taka te ara i roto i nga maunga i te pāmahana noa i runga i te ahopae kotahi.

High Siberian (kurahaupō Siberian)

Neke atu i te te rohe o Mongolia i Noema ki Maehe te nuinga e te wāhi o te pēhanga kōhauhau tiketike. Hanga papatipu rangi ki te pāmahana iti i Kamupene haere mai ana i te raki. I tenei wa o te tau te āhuarangi i roto i te rohe kei te tata kore pā te Pacific Ocean. Maunga o Southern me Eastern Siberia ta◊ofi hono horahanga rangi te matao o. riro te hua te raro i roto i Russia me i te pāmahana te Tuakoi Raki i te kahu mata o te kōhauhau (-40 ki te -70 ° C).

Temperature fehangahangai puta ina stagnates hau makariri i roto i te depressions. Na, i pā ana ki 2km mahana e pā ana ki + 10 ... + 20 ° C atu i roto i nga depressions me i te mata. Te rapu atu he aha ngā āhuatanga e āhuarangi-tatou i kite e ko te reira nui nga take e kore e anake, engari ano hoki te huinga o ngā āhuatanga i roto i te wāhi ngā.

hanganga o te āhuarangi

I roto i te pokapū me te raki o te wahi Pākehā o Russia taka atu rerenga atu i te ahopae taua i roto i Eastern Siberia. Ki mai te hauauru o te whenua i te Atlantic MSY, kaha mahi saikolone (iti pāmahana, te haupapa, ua). Te ua iti Arctic Circle, ua te pānga o te Kamupene, makuku rawakore. I roto i Siberia me nga Urals he rerekē i te rohe Pākehā o te whenua āhuarangi continental. He ngā mahana, me te poto te hotoke raumati - roa, tino makariri.

I roto i te tonga, i roto i te rohe Astrakhan tino pāngia e taua āhuatanga huarere: ahopae matawhenua me te uara e pā ana o te radiation solar, tohanga kōhauhau. Kia kï hoki pānga i runga i te āhuarangi me te rangi o te raumati KTV maroke, me te wera, e haere mai ana i katatānga me Central Asia. Receipt o nga tini rangi ano i runga i te rohe Moana Black o Russia e whakawarea ana pae maunga tiketike.

tikanga motuhake o Kamchatka i hanga i roto i te huinga o te moana, me te momo āhuarangi koi continental. huru no te rohe e ngā rerekētanga auau i roto i te rangi, hau kaha, nui ua i roto i te hotoke - i roto i te puka o te hiona taimaha.

patu huarere

Fakakaukau'i atu te mea āhuatanga huarere, arotahi matou te nuinga i runga i ngā tukanga māori, me te ari. E hiahiatia ana ki te whakamārama i taua meka rite te hua i roto i te pāmahana rangi ā-tau toharite me te ua kōhikohiko i roto i te tekau tau whakamutunga. Ko reira he ture tūturu, te hua o te panoni āhuarangi tangata-i hanga ranei?

He whakahoki tino ki tenei pātai he uaua ki te hoatu. Kore iho tautohetohe e pā ana ki ahakoa te whakamahia āhuarangi patu, hanga reira noa whakawhanakehia ranei. kaha rawa i aparauhia i roto i te ngaru wera tino i roto i Russia i te raumati o te tau 2010. Te pāmahana i roto i te rohe pokapū i 10 ° C ki runga ake i te toharite mō te rohe. ko tau te nui rawa ana mai te rau tau mutunga o XIX. Tetahi ahi ngahere nui, i reira ko tetahi puhake o te tahuti nei i roto i te taupori.

patu āhuarangi - he ara ki te whakahaere i te rangi mō ngā take hōia. Ko te hoariri kei te te mamae parekura rite ki te hua o raruraru taiao (tauraki, waipuke). I runga i te hanganga o te āhuarangi o patu te United States me te Soviet Union, timata pūtaiao ki te mahi i roto i te waenganui o te rau tau whakamutunga. Taua mahi e tika ke ki Convention te UN, e opani te whakamahi hōia o tikanga whakarereke taiao. whakakahore te kāwanatanga US te mana tāwhaiwhai i runga i te huru i roto i te tikanga ki te meinga kino ki ētahi atu States, te iwi whānui me te taiao.