Structural functionalism T. Parsons me R.Merton

functionalism Structural Ko te au ārahi i roto i te pāpori. i rawa āta hangaia te reira i roto i te mahi o Talcott Parsons ko Robert Merton. A feruri i to ratou ariā i roto i te taipitopito atu.

T. Parsons - Ahorangi Matua o te Faculty o Sociology i Harvard tomo te hītori o te pūtaiao rite te kaihanga o te aronga hou. functionalism hanganga i roto i ana mahi rawa āta, me te ata whakawhanakehia. Ko te tikanga matua e kua whakatakoto ki a ratou, e whai ake.

1. Kerēme functionalism hanganga e mahi pāpori ko te kotahitanga o e toru pūnaha: te kaupapa o te mahi, he tetahi āhuatanga me ngā ture uara-normative rite te huru o te mahi. Ko te hua ko te matatini whaiaro-whakarite e rerekē volyuntaristichnostyu, ture, me te tohu.
2. I roto i te anga o te pūnaha motuhake o te pūnaha tātari mahi i whakawhanakehia kua. Ko te hua ko te taiawhio tetrafunctional i te mea nehenehe o te hapori arohaehae wehea ki wha pūnaha: tuakiri kaiao whanonga, ahurea me te pūnaha pāpori.
3. T. Parsons tokanga nui ki te raruraru o te pūmautanga me te oranga tonutanga o te matatini. Hoki te whanaketanga noa me te oraraa sotsisistemy ka Me ki te mahi i ngā mahi motuhake. Ko te urutaunga ki te taiao tenei; tseledostizheniya; tuitui me te ruruku o nga mea timatanga katoa; tiaki o tikanga, ture me ngā tauira.
4. Tohe functionalism Structural Parsons e ki te hiahia urutau te pūnaha ōhanga. Ko tōna mahi he tseledostizheniya, tuitui ki ētahi atu tinana, me te pupuri i te pūnaha o ngā tikanga. I tua atu, i te faufaa o pokapū whakawhanaunga mahi.
5. maha ngā rōpū ngā i roto i te ra nei e kore ko etahi momo tupurangi. Tenei - te pūnaha katoa, He rerekē ngā wāhanga o taua mea i ia atu, engari i te wa ano e integrated ratou i runga i te pūtake o te taupuhipuhi.
6. taea ki te puta anake i roto i te wāhi whanaketanga te momo hou o te hapori, ko te. I te wa nei - ko te Te Hau-ā-uru.

arotahi functionalism Structural R. Merton i runga i te toharite tātaritanga sotssistem. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te maha atu whenua atu i roto i Parsons ariā. Mai arotahi te whakamutunga anake i runga i o ratou āhuatanga me te taumahinga o te pūnaha me ngā hanganga e whakarato tikanga pāpori. oti rawa ano Merton tona pōrearea whakarongo me te aueue, e arahi ki te hua i roto i te raruraru i, pakanga, maumaui o kia i roto i te hapori. I roto i tenei take e korero tatou e pā ana ki te urutaunga kino o ona hanganga matua.

Central ki tona ariā ko te parau haapiiraa o te momo o te ahua o ngā mahi - piringa, me te mārō rawa. whakatika te tuatahi ka tae mai te reira ki te mau hopearaa mauri, me te whaihua o te mahi pāpori, me te tuarua - te āta, me te whāinga.

utua ngā aro te ki te whanaketanga o R. Merton ariā o kōhikohiko me whanonga Deviant. i titiro ratou pūtaiao ahua rite te hua o faaiteraa o te raruraru, te mate, te mate me te pūnaha pāpori aueue. Ko te take te whakatau i ko te roha o uara morare me mana'o o te distortion i roto i te mahara takitahi, me te pāpori. ako ia i roto i te taipitopito te pāpori o ngaio, rongoā me te pūtaiao.

Ko te ariā o te functionalism R. Merton tāutu rima ngā momo o te urutaunga:

• lotó, ka whāinga pāpori me ngā huarahi ki te whakatutuki i te tangata e manakohia i ki tonu i;
• auaha, ka whakarapopototia whāinga pāpori anake;
• ritualism, ka mohio ara ki te whakatutuki;
• whakakahore retritizm e, me tetahi atu;
• maunu titau te riria.