Taonga whakahaere Kaute o te whakahaere (pūrongo)

Ko nga hua o tetahi mahi ko te nuinga ti'aturi i runga i te whakahaere o te tukanga o te whiwhi me te tukatuka o ngā mōhiohio ōhanga. Ko te tūturutanga o te kōrero e pā ana ki te hanga, te teitei te tere o tona taenga, te atu whai wāhitanga mō te whakahaere ki te whakarite te whakahaere whai hua. Ko te tohu tino nui o te ora ōhanga whakarato kaute o ngā rawa, me ngä taunahatanga o te whakahaere. I roto i te mea e kore e maimoatanga anake, engari ano hoki ki te systematize mōhiohio noa, mau mai ia ratou ki te āhua e tika ana mō te whakamahi i roto i te mau faaotiraa whakahaere. He huru matua mo te whai huatanga o tenei mahi tavini te whakahaere tika o te mahi kaute o rawa o te whakahaere. Kia whai whakaaro ano tatou i te reira i roto i te taipitopito.

āhuatanga General

Ko te whakahaere kouma o te kaute o taonga o te whakahaere, ko te pūnaha o ngā wāhanga me ngā taputapu e hāngai ana ki te tukanga whare tino pai ki te whiwhi pono, pai, mōhiohio wā e pā ana ki te mahi o te hinonga me te whakarite i te whai huatanga o te aroturuki i te whakamahi o ngā rauemi production. Ko te āhuatanga matua o te hanganga ngā:

1. Tūtohi o Pūkete.
2. Rēhita.
3. tuhinga Paraimere.
4. pūrongo ā-.
5. Rerengamahi.
6. taputapu tukanga aunoatanga.
7. wae Kaute.

Ko te pū o te tukanga

Te pupuri i ture taonga kaute o te whakahaere ngā:

1. ngā mahi faaineineraa. Ko tā te reira i te whanaketanga o te tuhinga rohe e tika ana.
2. titiro nāianei, te rēhitatanga, inenga o whakawhitinga pakihi.
3. Systematization, te whakarōpū ngā mōhiohio, te whakarite kaupapa mana o ngā rawa rauemi o te hinonga me ona nama i te whakaata o te mōhiohio pūkete.
4. Kaute, rārangi o taonga, herenga o te whakahaere. Te whakarato tuhinga ki ngä (kaiwhakamahi ā-roto, me te waho) mo te whakatau take whakahaere.

turanga Practical o taonga te whakahaere o te kaute

I roto i te tukanga o te haamauraa i te pūnaha o te kohinga me te systematization o kamupene mōhiohio ōhanga arahina e te ahumahi i te ture e hānga ana, tikanga, te Tāhuhu o Finance me nga tinana mana mana. whakahaere Kaute taonga o te whakahaere e haamata ki te whakatamarikitanga o te kaupapa here kaute. Kei te whakaaetia te reira i roto i runga i te hanganga o hinonga, apatoko peka, te tahi atu āhuatanga o te mahi.

tangata haepapa

whakahaere Kaute taonga o te whakahaere, ko te kawenga o te matenga. Nä, he reira haepapa mō te hanga i te kohinga, me te whakaemitanga o ngā mōhiohio. Tei runga i te mahi, te upoko o te tika:

1. Waihanga i te kōwae hanganga motuhake, ka e kia kawea i roto i tona whakaaro, o te taonga o te whakahaere. Pūrongo ki te mana hi'opo'araa ka waiho hoki te kawenga o te tari.
2. Hei whakaaetia te wa-tonu mātanga tūranga.
3. mahi Whakawhiti hāngai kaute centralized o te hinonga whāiti e tika ana.
4. Collection, me te systematization o raraunga i runga i to ratou ake.

Ko te ahunga matua

turanga Practical o taonga kaute o te whakahaere ngā:

1. Investigation o ngā tohutohu, tikanga, tuhinga pūtea.
2. Whakatūnga o whanaunga kouma i ngā pae production ki pūkete.
3. Te whakatau i te nui, me te āhua o te kōrero ki te kia kohia, me te systematization.
4. tohatoha pai o te mahi i roto i ngā kaimahi.

I roto i te tukanga o te hanga i te pūnaha kia tāuta hononga-kounga tiketike o ngā waeine production me te tari pūtea. whakarite ēnei hononga taenga wā o te mōhiohio e tika ana mō te aroturuki me te whakahaere o te mahi ohaoha o te hinonga. Pūtake o te mahi kaute taonga o te whakahaere kau te tāutu i te mahi matua, me te āhua o te mahi whakamāramatanga o ngā kaimahi tari haepapa me te tohatoha o ngā mahi i roto i ona kaimahi.

mahere whanaketanga

Kei te hanga tohatoha pai o ngā mahi i waenganui i te tokotoko o te kōwae pūtea he rārangi o ngā mahi katoa e me whakamana i roto i te marama, me te whakarite i tētahi rā motuhake mō ia kotahi. Ki tenei mutunga, mahere, kia rite ki nei te hiahia ki:

1. Feruri rawa o te whakahaere i roto i te kaute.
2. Kawea atu ngā arowhai me te hi'opo'araa.
3. kawenga tiri me akoranga whakangungu whakahaere.
4. Whakaōkawatia ka rongoa tuhinga.
5. Ki te whakahaere i tētahi rārangi.
6. Wae o waea.
7. Waihanga pūrongo.

Whakaahuatanga o mahere

kia mārama te tautuhi i te whare rārangi o ngā tuhinga e tika ana mo te whakahaere o ngā mahi kaute. I roto i ngā o te tātai e hiahiatia te nui o reni. Reira whakarato hoki te rārangi o ngā tuhinga, puka hoki e whakawhanake takitahi te kamupene. I muri i tenei hōtaka he rerengamahi. mahere rārangi ngā te wātaka, te tikanga, te maha o hi'opo'araa o motuhake ngā, taunahatanga me whakawhitinga. E tāuta ana ratou i roto i runga i te pau o te mahi. Pūrongo Mahere Kei ngā mōhiohio i runga i te wā tātaitanga me te wā o te whakatau i te hua pūtea. Reira Whakapūtāhia hoki nga modalities o ngā tuhinga roto, o waho, hōtaka o te faaineineraa whakaaturanga, me te. hoahoa hangarau o te mahere whakatau te ahua o te kaute ki te kia tono i roto i te kamupene. E horo'a te reira i te whakamārama taipitopito o te pūnaha, ko te raupapa o ngā mahi katoa. A faanaho i hoki whakahaere o te mahi, me te whakapai ake i te pūkenga o ngā kaimahi o te kaimahi tari kaute, me te whakatakoto ana te wae hanganga. Hoki ia tūranga he āhuatanga ngā rite nga mahi whakangungu ratou hōtaka.

hanganga āhuatanga

Ka whakawhirinaki te hanganga ine o wae ki runga ki te rahi kamupene, momo o te mahi, me tona rāngai ahumahi. E rite nui ko te āhua, te whānuitanga, me te hangarau o te hanga, te maha o te tahi atu wehenga hanganga o te kamupene, ratou wāhi matawhenua, taumata o ngā pūkenga kaimahi, me te ake. I tēnei wā, ko te mahi mahi e toru ngā momo o ngā pūkete kamupene:

1. Aroākapa (rārangi). I roto i tenei take, e ngohengohe ki te rangatira kaikaute wae pūtea kaimahi katoa. Kei te nuinga tenei hanganga whakamahia i runga i hinonga iti.
2. Poutū (linearly-kaimahi). I roto i tenei take i te hanga e te mana takawaenga. E haere ratou e te kaikaute matua. whakamahia tēnei momo o te hanganga i roto i ngā umanga nui, me te reo-rahi.
3. Pahekotanga (mahi).

centralization

O te faufaa rahi i roto i te hanga o te hanganga wae kaute kua tangohia te tikanga o te tohatoha o ngā mahi i waenganui i te hanga pae-motuhake. I tēnei wā, e rua ngā momo o ngā pūnaha parare: centralized me wehenga. Ko te tuatahi Ko tā te kukū o te kaute tātari, me te waihanga, pūrongo, te faaineineraa o toenga i roto i te kaute whānui. Ko te wawahanga o te hinonga (i roto i ngā kapa, tari, i roto i ngā wāhi i roto i ngā tari, me te pera atu.) Fakahoko te kohinga tuatahi me systematization o ngā mōhiohio i runga i te whakahaeretanga o pakihi haere tonu. E whakarōpūtia ngā taipitopito o te tuhinga i roto i o ratou tauākī mahi, ngā pūkete o te hanga me te kaupapa o ngā uara rauemi. I muri i tenei pepa tuatahi ka tono tangata ki te tari pūtea. Tenei e tirohia e ratou, ka tukatuka. Ko te rēhita kaute puna rawa hāngai hanga te whakahaere nga tāurunga tika. Centralizing mana o te mahi pūtea taea hoki te tohatoha tino pai o ngā mahi i waenganui i ngā kaimahi, te whakamahi o ngā pūnaha hou o mechanization me aunoatanga. mahi tōtika tēnei pūnaha i roto i hinonga ririki, reo-rahi me etahi nui.

decentralization

takoto te reira i roto i te meka e nga mahi o te wae takitahi ko kore anake te puna tuatahi kaute o taonga o te whakahaere, engari ano hoki i te kōtuitui o ngā mōhiohio i runga i ngā pūkete waihanga, me te tātari. hanga ēnei tari ake te whārangi toenga me ētahi atu tuhinga pūtea. I muri i taua, e tukuna ngā pūrongo ki te tino kaikaute. I reira, kua tirohia e ratou, ka haere mai ki raro puta noa i te hinonga rite te katoa.

Pai me ngā raruraru o te tauira

Ka rite ki te kore whānui o te pūnaha wehenga ko te momotunga o te taputapu, mau fifi i roto i te tono o te kaupapa here pūtea kākahu me te introduction o aunoatanga. Tenei, i roto i te tahuri, arata'i ki te ara i roto i te mōhiohio utu. Na, e hiahiatia ana decentralization te i wehe rohe, momo o ngā momo o ngā mahi i whakahaeretia e te kamupene, te whakataki o ngā momo ngā o te mahi, me te utu. Ko tōna painga undoubted ko te taea ki te pupuri i ngā pūkete tika ki te wahi o whakawhitinga pakihi. Ko te pātata o te tohunga ki te whakahaere i ngā whai wāhi ki te whakapai ake o tātari, ngā mōhiohio, ngā mahi mana ā-o te pūnaha pūtea. Kaiwhakahaere o te hinonga, i roto i te tahuri, ka taea ki te tātari me te arotake i te āhua o te tōtika hanga o te ara iahiko mana, te hua tawhē pai i roto i ia wehenga o te kamupene. Mai i tenei whai reira e te whakamahi o te decentralization aia mā te whakamahi i ngā ariā o te tauira o "whaipainga haurokuroku" iahiko "tāuru-putanga-putanga".

mutunga

I tēnei wā, ko te mahi he noa decentralization nui wāhanga o te pūnaha kaute. takoto te reira i roto i te meka e i roto i te wae hanganga o te kamupene, huihui ki nga pūkete whakarāpopototanga unu waea. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, i mahi i te reira kaute tātari, te whakarōpūtanga me te tono o ngā mōhiohio, engari iti te te whānui o ngā mōhiohio ki te tuhi ake ngā pūrongo i runga i ngā mahi ahumahi. decentralization Motunga tino rongonui i roto i ngā kamupene i reira hāngai arumoni (ōhanga) tātaitanga ki wehenga. I taua hinonga whakaurua tauira hou o te whakahaere o te hanga, mahi, me tona utu. I roto i te whānui, he faufaa hoki te kamupene kaute. Information taea ki te aromatawai tautika te āhua o nga rawa, te nui o te taonga, whai wāhi i roto i te hanga, me te i roto i rāhui, te nui o te nama nama ki moni. Nahanaha, pono, me te wā mōhiohio e homai ha faingamālie ki te tātari i te mahi ōhanga o te kamupene, ki te tāutu i te wāhi tino whaihua, me te pai o o mahi. I runga i enei aratohu hua taea te matapae i te hui i muri. Hei tauira, ki te he nui nga whika, kia whakaaro koutou e pā ana ki te whakawhānui i te pakihi me te whakatuwheratanga o manga.