Tatau ahi: Paerewa me ngā momo

Tatau i roto i to ratou e fa'ahinga kāinga whakamahi mō ngā rau tau maha. Heoi, ki te aroaro o te tikanga tenei tūemi i anake ki te tiaki i te whare i te whakaekenga i waho, engari inaianei he nui whānui te mahi tatau. Na tetahi o nga nui tino - ki te riro i te arai ki te ahi. Modern ahi tatau (GOST, ka kia kōrero ona whakaritenga taketake me tūtohutanga i muri) i te iti rawa e taea whakaroa te wa o te kătahi o tuwhera mura i roto i te ruma, ko te kupu hoatu i te whai wāhi ki te waiho i te whare iwi ranei, ki te kore e taea tenei, tatari hoki te tauturu i waho i te mahi ahi. Ko te pai e taea te ahi hoahoa tatau - poraka mura i roto i te ruma i mua i te taenga mai o ngā ratonga ahi-whawhai.

ture Basic

Ko te ture taketake whakahaere i te whakaritenga mō te tatau ahi - GOST. I teie mahana, e rave rahi tuhinga pera, me ia o ratou whakaahua ana te tawhā motuhake o te whakaaro tatau.

He take taketake i roto i te kōwhiringa o tatau ko nga āhuatanga e tāutu te ahi aroraa. A, no te tohu hanganga i roto i ngā kīanga taurangi, ko e whai ake:

• "E" - te ahua o kapiti i te tatau, ranei mate o tapatahi o te hanganga katoa i roto i te tika te rongo ahi i muri i te wā whakaritea o te wā. Hei tauira, "E30" tikanga e ka timata te whakangaromanga i muri i te 30 meneti o te tahunga.
• «Ahau» - āhuatanga mate wera ngingiha ranei te tuuraa i rauemi.
• «R» - i ngā tohu tapatahi o te rau tatau. I muri i te wā i whakaritea o te wā tīmata deformation whakangaromanga ranei.

Ngā momo o tatau ahi

I mua i mutu koe te kōwhiringa i runga i tetahi kōwhiringa kotahi, he mea e tika ana ki te āta pānui i te hunga e mahi ko nga momo o tatau ahi. GOST, Katikati, ranei te tahi atu tuhinga ā-ture whakahaere i te whakarōpū o whakaaro tatau i roto i te toru tohutohu.

• Pātahi ana ki te rauemi e hanga i nei e ratou, e taea te hanga te tatau o te rakau, te maitai me te karaihe (te whakamutunga, ko te tino watea rite taea te kite te reira i te puna o te ahi, me te mura kaha).
• Ka taea te hanga kotahi, me te rua tatau Momo-ahi.
• E ai ki te tohu o te ātete ki tatau ahi e 3 momo - te 1, 2, me te 3.

I roto i te hanga o ngā hua pērā i tatau ahi, GOST regulates whakaritenga hangarau e riro nei ki raro ki tetahi o nga tatau mua, a i roto i te tua ki taua hoatu mua tono i runga i te tawhā ahi ātete, te resistance mura. Ko te matua, ko te wa e kore e te hana nga āhuatanga hanganga ki pāmahana teitei me te ake fusible. I tua atu, i te deformation pāmahana tiketike kia whakahaua waho roto ranei.

āhuatanga

mākete hanga o teie mahana te rota o kaiwhakanao hua tatau ahi. Ngā āhuatanga GOST R53303-2009 regulates whai. Ko te tikanga, whakamatauria i ātete ki te ahi te tetahi kaihanga tatau kotahi rahi ngā. Ko te hua whakamātautau whakaahuatia i roto i te kawa mō tenei tauira ko te tika i raro i etahi ngā tukunga o ngā āhuatanga, e ngā i + 10% ki te -30% i roto i te teitei me te whanui. Ko taea ake whakaawhiwhi ki te 5 cm taha nui me ki runga ki te 10 cm iti.

Mämä noa iho, tenei kaihanga o tatau ahi taea GOST ki te whakaputa i te ine o + 10% ki te -30% te rahi o te tatau, kua nei kua whakamatauria, ka tohu.

Kua nga kuwaha ranei tatau ano?

He aha te hoahoa rahi taea te whakaaro te pao ahi? Na te aha e pā ana ki te rahi o kuwaha mea, ka tatau te ahi me kuwaha tāutatia? whakaahua ana Paerewa pehea ki te hoahoa ki ngā pūmau (mākete hua tohu kore e taea ki te whakahere hua ki ngā āhuatanga nui iti ranei) me tatau whaimana i te kaiwhakanao motuhake. Mai tīmata te timatanga o te rahi anga i te tatau, te ine o -30% ki te hanganga ki te āhuatanga iti whakatau i te wāhi whakawhiti i te tatau ki nga pao. Ka tautapa te ako o + 10% ki te tatau ki te āhuatanga nui rawa te kau o whakawhitinga o te tatau kuwaha.

wāhi tāutanga pea

Tāutanga o tatau ahi (GOST me Katikati i roto mōhiohio oti) he taea anake i roto i etahi wahi. Mai te whakaaro tuatahi o taua hanganga - tiaki ahi o tangata, me te taonga, e whakaaro nga ngā ekeeke matua wāhi ki nui ake te mōrea o te ahi. ahumahi o te rohe, ko te warehouses, ara, papawaea matua o te whakahaere hinonga. I roto i te whare tari hanga reira tikanga ki te tāuta taua tatau te wahi e penapena tuhinga nui.

rauemi ka whakamahia

E ai ki te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi, te tohu nui o te ahi ātete o te tatau he ahi whakarewa. GOST - tuhinga taketake paerewa - obliges te whakamahi mo te hanga o te kōeke maitai kongatia. Ko te hiahia ki te whakamahi i pūhui kore-paitini me ngā rauemi whakangutungutu rite coatings me mātao. whakarato makona pakari me te tiaki pai ki te ahi me te he tatau ahi te rakau, moe-mua ki pūhui motuhake retarding parariraa.

I roto i te whānui, kia hangarau hou reira taea ki te tono mo te hanga o tatau, pūkete konumohe ki te māpele rokiroki waiariki, maha-apa karaihe fireproof. Tikanga, nga hanganga tautoko o pūkete konumohe whakaratohia ki mea kounga teitei.

Ko te wāhanga matua o te hanga o tatau

Ko te nuinga o te tukanga hangarau i roto i ngā wāhanga e whai ake:

• rauemi i ai e hanga kia muri e whakamatauria whakaaro tatau;
• E hangaia huānga hoahoa taketake i runga tino ki te paerewa GOST;
• tatau ahi GOST 30247.0-94 taunaki ana te whakaatu i katoa o ngā whakamātautau.

He ona ake āhuatanga motuhake ia huānga hoahoa. Hei te hanga i te anga tatau maitai whakamahia kōtaha piko. E ai ki nga ngā, he reira paepae aroaro obligatory. E hanga kakau tatau o te whakarewa me te pani ki te hanganga polymer motuhake, e ka whakatuwhera wa noa i ki whakamahana ake te tatau. Me kia te take raka ahi-ātete. Hoki te hanga o ona wāhanga whakamahia kowiri tira.

Whakawhanakehia, me te whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te hanga o tatau o te hangarau motuhake o te whakarewa tono tuuraa i taima, waiariki rīpene, whakawhänui i te paowa wera, te hiri rapa o paowa matao.

E hiahia ahau he raihana ki te tāuta i te tatau?

I mua i hoatu koe hiahia ki te kamupene ngā mō te tāutanga o tatau ahi, he mea e tika ana ki te kitea i roto i mēnā e hiahia ana koe he raihana mo taua mahi. Mai Me kawea tenei ahua o te mahi i roto i te taha ngaio me te kounga mōrahi, te raihana, o te akoranga, e tika ana. Ahakoa kore e te kiritaki kite i te huinga ki tonu o tukua e, ko reira pea ki te tino whakawhirinaki te whakahaere. Ko te issuance o tenei momo o peeke whai wāhi i roto i te ratonga ahi. I muri, Ko tenei hanganga (teihana ahi) kia takina, qualitatively ranei te mahi whakamana i te tāutanga o tatau ahi, ahakoa kite whakaritenga me ngā katoa whakaahuatia i roto i te CCITT me SNP.

Katoa o nga whakaritenga, i roto i te tahuri, e taea te wehea kia rua nga wahi: ko te ture me te hunga e te kiritaki e te kaiwhakaari.

Whakaritenga o ngā tuhinga ture (GOST, Katikati)

Ngā ture whakahaere i te tāutanga o nga whakaminenga tatau ahi, e kore e tīari. Heoi, hoki kua whakawhanakehia tāutanga tikanga o tatau rino ki etahi onäianei me peculiarities o tenei tuhinga, me he reira - GOST. Me hanga tāutatanga o tatau ahi ki punga hanga diameter i te iti rawa 10 mm o. Ko te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā huānga mingimingi pātata - e kore e iti iho i 700 mm. Me whakaturia hanganga tatau Sheer te whakamahi i te taumata, me te paramu. Ine i te toki o te pouaka tukua kaua e nui ake 1.5 mm ia 1 roa m. Me tāuta wae tatau i roto i te kuwaha rite symmetrically whanaunga ki te whakatuwheratanga poutū. Me ki tonu Construction hononga me ngā āputa ki te pahuka i.

whakaritenga Kiritaki ki te whakahaere

Tuatahi, he mea he mōkihi tika o ngā tuhinga. Ko ētahi o ēnei:

• he tuhinga hoatu i te tika ki te kawe i roto i te mahi i runga i te tāutanga o tatau ahi (raihana);
• tiwhikete haumaru ahi ;
• uruwhenua i te tatau.

E mea titauhia hoki ki te whai i te kuwaha pai faatanoraa ofi ange, he ope e kia tatau whaiaro kati-. He mea tika ki te whakarite i whakamahia te motuhake kore-combustible mo te tāutanga o te pahuka ahi-whawhai. Hanga reira ngāwari nui, mai i te mea he tae māwhero. kia whakakapia te pahuka o tetahi atu tae. Wātea mō te arotake kia te wahi i reira te matua tawhā tatau, me ona kaiwhakanao. I tua atu, kia pai miharo: te tatau ahi whakarewa (kore e GOST taua mōhiohio i roto) ki te pouaka. Nui mō te tirohanga ataata o te tākaro - te reira mahi te kounga rawakore ki te tāuta i te tatau. Rubber hiri kia paku kōpeke. Me kia Tae kākahu, intumescent rīpene whakapiri qualitatively, a me kati te kuwaha closers kahore fepulopulasi.

Ki te he makona kiritaki, kua hainatia ai e te mahi o te tāuta i te tatau.

Whakamahia ko Care

Te tiaki i te tatau ahi he kahore rerekē i mahi hoahoa tikanga, e kore te reira e whakaritea e GOST. tatau ahi rakau, rite tika me te whakarewa, me te whakamahi hoki i te ora whakapuakina. Āhei hoki waihanga whakakapinga, tona mahi matua rite i roto i te ahi. I roto i ngā take pēnei, te wāwāhitanga te tatau, a tāuta tetahi.