Tauhohenga polymerase chain me tona āhua me te whānui o

tauhohenga polymerase chain (PCR) - he tikanga o te koiora rāpoi, e taea ana ki te kitea i roto i te koiora rauemi moni iti o te waikawa deoxyribonucleic (DNA), ranei, kaua, etahi o ona whatiwhatinga, a kia tini ratou he maha nga wa. Na ka ka tāutuhia ratou e ngā i te rā electrophoresis. I whakawhanakehia e te tauhohenga i roto i te tau 1983 e K. Mullis ka whakaurua i te rārangi o ngā āhuatanga faahiahia o tau tata.

He aha e nga tikanga PCR

E hāngai ana te tukanga katoa kei runga i te kaha o waikawa karihi ki te whaiaro tārua i-, e i roto i tenei take tū āwenewene i te taiwhanga. e kore e taea e pītauira timata tetahi rohe o te rāpoi ngota, engari anake i roto i te wāhi ki te raupapa motuhake o nucleotides - te tīmata whatiwhatinga. I roto i te tikanga mo te mekameka tauhohe polymerase kua timata, Me matou tämata (DNA ranei pōkai). He whatiwhatinga poto o raupapa DNA ki te raupapa nucleotide homai enei. Ko ratou tautoko (i.e., e ōrite ana ki) te tīmatanga o te tauira wahi DNA.

O te akoranga, ki te hanga i primers, me ako pūtaiao i te raupapa o nucleotides o te waikawa karihi, whai wāhi nei i roto i te tukanga. Ēnei pōkai DNA whakarite te pū o te tauhohenga me tona tomokanga. Polymerase chain reaction kore e haere, ki te kore e kitea e te tauira i te iti rawa kia kotahi rāpoi o te DNA e hiahiatia ana. I roto i te whānui, titau te tauhohenga te primers runga ake, he huinga o nucleotides, wera ātete polymerase DNA. Ko te whakamutunga, ko te he paru - tauhohe catalytic o ariā o ngā rāpoi ngota waikawa karihi hou i runga i te kaupapa tauira. E ngā katoa o enei matū, tae atu mea koiora, i te mea e tika ana ki te tāutu i DNA ki te ranunga tauhohe (otinga). Kei te whakanohoia te reira i roto i te ine mahana motuhake e rave tona whakawera rawa tere, me te meangiti i roto i te wa i whakaritea - huringa. E te tikanga 30-50 ratou.

Kia pehea te ko tenei tauhohenga

Ko te ngako o tenei ko e i roto i te huringa kotahi, e piri te primers ki wahi o te DNA e hiahiatia ana, i muri nei haere koe rearua reira i te whākōkī. I runga i te pūtake o te whenu DNA hua synthesized i roto i te huringa o muri atu me te ake mongamonga o rāpoi ōrite.

Kei te wā ora ake polymerase chain reaction whai ona kaupae. āhuatanga i te reira na roto i te rearua tuatahi te nui o te hua i roto i ia huringa o te whakawera, me te tautauā. I roto i te taahiraa tuarua o te tauhohenga puta whakapōturinga mai he pakaru te paru, me te ngaro mahi. I tua atu, mauriora rakau o nucleotides me primers. I roto i te wā whakamutunga - i te mania - he kore nga hua roa kohikohi rite tauhohenga i runga i.

Kei hea te whakamahia reira

Kore, kua kite i te polymerase tono whānui mekameka tauhohenga i roto i te rongoa me te pūtaiao. Kei te whakamahia te reira i roto i te koiora tūmatanui, me te tūmataiti, rongoā kararehe, rongoā, a tae noa mātauranga rauropi. Ahakoa te whakamutunga e mahi ki te aroturuki te kounga kai me ngā taiao. whakamahia Tino polymerase chain reaction i roto i te mahi whare whakawā ki te whakaū i whakamatuatanga matua, me te tāutu o te tuakiri o te tangata. I roto i te pūtaiao whare whakawā, me te rite i roto i te paleontology, maha tenei tikanga ko anake te ara, no te mea he reira te tikanga e wātea ana mo te ako o moni tino iti o te DNA. O te akoranga, ka kitea te tikanga rawa whānui whakamahia i roto i te mahi o te rongoā. hiahiatia e ia ia i roto i taua wāhi rite iranga, hopuhopu, me mate oncological.