Tawhā me ngā akomanga whatunga

whatunga Ipurangi Modern, te tikanga e hāngai ana i runga i moka 32-te te IP-wāhitau e ngā o rua nga wahi - he ID whatunga me te ope. Hei whakatau i wahi o te wāhitau te ope ko, me e tohu ana he whatunga, kua whakawhanakehia tikanga e rua kua. Na whakamahi kaiwhakarato ratonga Ipurangi he tikanga o Classless Inter-Domain Ararere, e hāngai ana i runga i te kanohi whatu. Ko te tuatahi ki te whai i te tikanga tawhito, i hāngai i runga i te awhe akomanga Whatunga.

IP-wāhitau o tetahi ahanoa, ahakoa he reira he tūmau he rorohiko auau, e te tata e pā ana ki te ingoa whatunga ranei. Tahuri ai te ingoa ki te wāhitau whatunga o te ratonga DNS motuhake, te ingoa rohe whakahaere. "Match" i runga i te tūmau ingoa whatunga ka anake e rēhita i roto i tenei mahi. E wātea ana aunoa ki te iwi whānui Rauemi taua tūmau, ka tango i te rawa o ratou i roto i te Internet.

Ka mahi ki a IP-wāhitau, e whakarongo ki nga akomanga whatunga. Mea rawa i reira e rima, a ka he ia ona ake āhuatanga. Kei te whakamahia Class A mo te nui whatunga ao. Ki reira, me te Internet. Ko te whānuitanga o tenei piha toro i te kore ki te 127, me te ngā o 126 whatunga. Kei te-whatunga kotahi neke atu i ono miriona waeine. Mau noho a pūtāutu whatunga anake te waru paraire tuatahi, kei te whakamahia te toe 24 paraire mo wāhitau ope.

ngā Networks Class B o ngā mata reo-rahi e noho i te awhe wāhitau ki te uara o 191. Here, e tahuri iho te IP-wāhitau ki te wahi moka-16 taua. Kotahi wahi e hipokina te tau tāututanga te whatunga, i te tahi atu te rongoa nei hoki mo te ope. tahoê te whatunga 65.534 kōpuku. Ka rite ki te tikanga, kua whakamahia te reira i roto i ngä whare wänanga ranei kamupene nui.

tautoko akomanga C tukutuku iti. noho ratou i te whānuitanga o ngā uara ki runga ki te 223. I raro i te tau whatunga ko te 24 paraire tuatahi me te toe wāhi bit-8 e wātea ana ki te ope. Ki te whatunga taea hāngai ake ki te 256 kōpuku, e rua o nei e waiho e hoki IP-mēra. kia ahau tāpiri e he wāhi i roto i te ararere me hanga o te iti-whatunga i roto i te whatunga ao nga wāhitau o enei akomanga e toru. Ko te aha e huaina ratou "tūturu" ranei "ma".

Ko te toenga o nga akomanga whatunga kore e tākaro i te taua wāhi nui. He D-whatunga i roto i te whānuitanga ake ki 239. kore ratou e whakatinana kōpuku uru me te kawea i roto i ka päpähotia multicast IP-karere. whatunga Class E kore ano e roto i kōpuku. tae ratou whānui ake ki 255, a he whakamātau ratou.

I roto i nga akomanga katoa i reira he poraka o wāhitau e kua waiho e hoki te whakamahi tūmataiti. E whakamahia ratou anake i roto i whatunga tūmataiti rohe, na te Internet, e kore e enei wāhitau patua a kua karangatia e "hina" ranei "tūmataiti." Hei uru te LAN tūmataiti me te putanga i roto i a ratou, whakamahia te Tukutuku Ao Whānui te NAT-pouara.

Mai te akomanga whatunga runga ake-whakaahuatia i te tau iti o IP-wāhitau, te whakamahi i fiemālie ratou. Ko te rerekē, ko te ara i roto i nei e kore e te maha o ngā paita iti, ka whakamahia te Hīpoki Whatu ā te. Heoi, kihai i wareware te pūnaha tawhito. Kua whakaahuatia te reira i roto i pukapuka maha, me te piha haapiiraa D me te E wāhitau e whakamahia tonu i roto i te tūmataiti.