Wāhanga o te whanaketanga pepeke: kanohi me te faafariuraa tonu

whanaketanga Post-embryonic, poslezarodyshevym te kore mohiotia, e taea te wehea katoa rauropi-tangata o to tatou paraneta ki e rua ngā: hāngai, me te autaki. Ko tūturu i roto i ngā ngārara, ngā manu, kararehe te ahua tuatahi. Whanau ranei e haere mai i roto o te hua manu ko te kape iti o te kuao pakeke. kitea tētahi atu puka o te whanaketanga i roto i te ika, amphibians me angawaho. I roto i tenei tuhinga, mā te whakamahi i ngā tauira raima, ka whakaaro matou te wāhanga o te whanaketanga o ngā ngārara.

Ko te tūranga koiora o te kāhuarau

Ko te whanaketanga o rerekē momo o te kararehe ki kāore me oti kāhuarau (kāhuarau) whakarato te tikanga tino tino pai mo te ora o ngā puka punua me te pakeke, me te whakaiti whakataetae mo te turanga kai waenganui i a ratou. Tenei ka taea te whakamahi o ngā rauemi kai kē, a ka whakahaere te whakanohonoho o momo noho rerekē kāinga (rangi, whenua, te wai raro ranei). kāhuarau pepeke Ko tetahi o nga take mo te maha nui o ngā momo o kaiao ora i roto i te wa nei i roto i te ao (i runga i tetahi miriona). noho ratou tata katoa te ngā niches kaiao. Pepeke He momo angawaho piha haapiiraa. taahiraa whanaketanga pepeke ko nga ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei: hua manu (whanaketanga kukune), torongū, kokuhu, image (whanaketanga postembryonic).

hua Hipanga he wāhanga tuatahi me te whakahauanga huringa ora ngārara. He he torutoru anga. huaina ana te tuatahi ko te chorion (he mahi tiaki, me te pūkaha). I roto i te tahi mau momo, ko reira ngā papa uaua o te ware pi chitin ranei me momo ana ki kōputaputa. te rua te anga, toene serous ranei, hāngai i roto i te whakapā ki te kukune whakawhanake. Kei te tukua te reira e te toene. Āhua, tae me te rahi hua chorionic o ngā pepeke rerekē. Ko te kupu, tae roa mawhitiwhiti hua 11 mm, me nga moni nohinohi rawa pūngāwerewere - 0,14 anake mm. Te nuinga o ngā pepeke takoto ratou hua, ahakoa i reira e ano ngā viviparous, pērā i Madagascar papata. Mai i te hua manu mai i te torongū, i te mea te wāhanga i muri o te whanaketanga pepeke.

faafariuraa oti

Ko reira angamaheni hoki sublcass nga momo pepeke parirau. I mua i te riroraa i te takitahi pakeke - image, ka puta mai te tinana i roto o te hua manu, ite rua ngā wāhanga ora rawa kanorau: torongū me raapoi. Pepeke, e kua āhuatanga e te kāhuarau oti, ka karanga golometabolicheskimi. Ēnei ngā rōpū o Lepidoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, a na i runga i. D.

atamira Āhuatanga guise

Ko ratou, ki runga ake katoa, i roto i te hanganga kikokiko o te tinana. Te nuinga o ngā torongū pūnaha whakaputa uri ngaro. waha rerekē hoki, a konei te momo o te kai. A feruri i te wāhanga piri o te whanaketanga o ngā ngārara ki kāhuarau pahara.

Ko tētahi o nga rauropi tino tawhito - kapokapowai, ka waha ona hua i roto i te wai tu te wai. I muri i te 20 ra, a i roto i te tahi mau momo i muri i 2-9 marama puta reira pronymph (prelarvae), e ora i te torutoru noa hēkona, ka ngohe reira, a ka hanga e Naiad - he tino torongū kapokapowai. He he rahi iti (1.5 mm), me te huringa ora, i runga i te momo o te ngārara kia muri i te maha ra ki tetahi ki te toru tau rānei. Torongū kaha whai i roto i te wai, me te he pukorokoro mo manawa, na maha e whakatika ki te mata.

Tonu ki te molt ka tupu, ngokingoki ia i roto o te wai i te tipu te wai kakau me te puta ki te ngarara pakeke - kapokapowai he parirau ngohengohe me hipokina tinana. Hoki te ia e kore e neke i te reira. apa Chitin hipoki whakapakeke ana ngārara. taea ki te rere kapokapowai riro. Hei whakarāpopoto, te whai ake: torongū o kapokapowai i ngā momo rerekē o te nohonga whakarato te toronga o enei pepeke. Kia mahara e te kapokapowai pepeke moepuku pakeke me tona torongū he ōritenga i roto i te ara i te kai (e rua he konihi) me te kupukupu (tinana - pukorokoro). Ko te rerekētanga Heoi ko ratou wāhi noho: ora image i roto i te rangi, me mollusks - i roto i te wai.

torongū ngārara ki kāhuarau oti

Ko te māngai o te tikanga Lepidoptera, hei tauira, ngā pūrerehua, he tino rerekē i te pakeke te anuhe, a kua karangatia e ratou. Mai i puta mai te hua manu i roto i te torongū, ngaua tona anga, me te tonu tīmata ki te kai rau, me te tahi atu wahi o te tipu me o ratou kauae kaha - mandibles. ko te kutukutu,-rite tona tinana, he upoko, e toru rei me te tekau wāhanga puku. E whakaratohia arai ki makawe - bristles. Butterflies - pepeke, e kua āhuatanga e te faafariuraa oti. I runga i te ngutu o raro o te torongū ko te rino korohū, e titore te ngaro. Congealing i roto i te rangi, hanga ana e ia he miro e whakamahi ana i te torongū ki raukatauri hanganga. Noho i roto i reira, tahuri te torongū ki te kokuhu. Ka taea e ora te reira i i te maha wiki ki tetahi ki te e toru nga tau, a ka ora ake Moth nymph ki te 10 tau. i hanga ia tinana te nonireka me betaine - ārai makariri tūturu.

pūrerehua torongū - ngārara ki te faafariuraa oti, maha tuturu ai. molt whakamutunga o ratou pito pupation. I roto i te tahi mau momo o te torongū ngārara whai ingoa motuhake. Hei tauira, pītara, sawflies - he torongū, i roto i alleculinae me darkling - lozhnoprovolochnik, mollusks i huaina torongū o kapokapowai, me ratou prelarvae huaina punua.

He aha te mea te kokuhu

Ko tēnei wāhanga o te huringa ora o ngā ngārara, e arata'i ki te whanaketanga o te mau taata pakeke - image. āhuatanga wā Pupal i e kore te tinana he Powered me kore e taea te neke. I tua atu ki te hiraka, maha whakamahi i te kōwenewene mo te hanganga me te whakapakari o te kararehe matūriki o onepu anga ranei. I roto i te free pūhihi pupal, he noa, me te tata ki te tinana waewae me parirau o nga pakeke o te mau taata i mua nei. He āhuatanga o te maha ngā momo o ngā pūrerehua, ladybugs, etahi Diptera raapoi hipoki.

image

Hoki te wāhanga whakamutunga o te whanaketanga ngārara āhuatanga e te hanganga o te uri (pūnaha taihemahema), me ngā āhuatanga o waho katoa tūturu i roto i tenei momo. Ka rite ki te torongū, mahi image te mahi o te mararatanga pepeke i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā noho. I tua atu, he kawenga mō te uri pakeke me te whai kikokiko. I roto i te tane, kua karangatia e ratou nga testes me i roto i uwha - ovaries. He he ano hoki repe kaimahi secreting he whekau ngaro, me te copulatory mo te kahui.

I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka titiro matou ki te wā o te whanaketanga pepeke, me te whanaketanga autaki ki kāhuarau kāore me oti.