Āhuatanga Babbitt. Composition, waitohu, hanga me te whakamahi o te Babbitt

i oti rawa ana tēnei tuhinga ki te koranu hanga e te kaituhi kohatu - ko reira e pā ana ki te American Ihaka Babbitt. . Ko te Babbitt nana nei i kawe te ihi i roto i 1841, te utu o te 20 mano tara i te United States Congress, i te wāhi koki i roto i tona mahi - timata te kaituhi kohatu ki te faaaravihi i roto i alloys. I arai Babbitt kē i roto i te tau 1844 i roto i te UK, a i roto i te 1847 - i roto i te Russian Empire. Ko te pūtaiao tamaiti utu nui i te Hononga o Amerika i roto i te hakari, kei hea te whakamahia ai, te nui te utu i te reira, a he aha te āhuatanga e tino ki te ako i runga i a koe.

Babbit - he aha te mea te reira

I roto i te te honore ko I. Babbitt i koranu o toru konganuku e te hunga tino faufaa i roto i te hanga o ahunga - e ki tonu i te Babbitt whakarewa maitai taiepa roto mema take i runga i nei puta i roto i te hurihanga, me te waku. Ko te tenenga o te kaiputaiao American tino e taea whakaiti amo kākahu.

Ko te hanganga o Babbitt aroaro i roto i te rerekē hanganga, he tine, kakano, mata, me te parahi. Mai ngā Babbitt whakarewa o huānga e rua ngawari me te pakeke o te tu ia āhuatanga antifriction, kakahu resistance. Hanga i reira ahunga pai miharo: ki te ngahaú, whakahaeretia hoki te wa roa.

Ko te roanga o te mahi tika o te Babbitt te whanau tei runga i te matotoru o te maka ki runga ki te koranu maitai o tenei apa Ōseni. Ko te kikokore ko reira, te wahi roa taea te whakahaeretia.

āhuatanga Babbitt

whakarārangi tatou i nga āhuatanga faahiahia matua o te koranu:

• rauemi anti-waku - taliteke'i frictions (reciprocating nekehanga rite "i konei, me te reira");
• waikura resistance;
• pakeke iti (HB 13-32);
• mauroa;
• kawe ia ngāwhā tiketike;
• nezavyshennaya pāmahana rewa - 240-340 degrees;
• koranu razmyagchaemost nui ake i 100 degrees (HB 9-24);
• nui haere taikaha.

Huapai me ngā huakore o Babbitt

Whakaaro i te āhuatanga o te Babbitt, pato i te AtAKi matua me ngā raruraru. Na roto i te koranu painga ngā ona mau huru anti-waku me te pai kōrero rere-i roto i. Koranu nui faarahi te ora mahi o te whanau me tona mauroa - i te mahi i roto i te apa Babbitt microtubules i hanga, e whiwhi ki te wahi hinu.

Kotahi, engari he faana'oraa ko ratou babbits iti whakaritea ki ētahi atu alloys kaha. No te mea o tenei, iti te muka taua te ki atu pakari maka rino, maitai whare parahi ranei.

Types me rama o te koranu

Momo-tohu Babbitt e toru ngā momo - i runga i te whakarewa turanga rānei:

1. Konupūmā. Ahakoa tona pūtake ko ahu te koranu mata tona ingoa i tetahi o nga wae - he reira i roto i te hanganga rite te konupūmā me te konutai. Ēnei āhuatanga wehewehe te Babbitt utu tino utu, hoatu ana e ia he kawe ia teitei waiariki me te mātotoru. Otira i te mea e tere oxidized te koranu taua, e kore e tāpiri i te reira mauroa. Na reira konupūmā Babbitt i roto i nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i roto i nga fakahū o papa o cars, e rua utanga me te pāhihi - te wahi maha ratou takina me hohoro whakakapi ki te tika.
2. Tin. Ko te pūtake mō tenei he tine babbit, e kua he whakarea nui o waku, resistance kākahu tiketike, me te te kōngohe nui haere waikura resistance. Tenei koranu Ko e pā ana ki rua rite te kaha rite tona "tuakana." Na reira, tenei mahuinga tohu Babbitt whanau, e pūkete hoki te kawenga mōrahi me te wāhi nui i faataahia. Ratou mara o tono - te ngā motors iti-tere. I tua atu tine, he reira i roto i tenei koranu me te konukōreko ranei cadmium, ranei kakano me te parahi. Ko te ngoikoretanga o te Babbitt tine anake ka waiho tona utu teitei i roto i enei alloys.
3. Lead. wāhanga Ngohengohe konei ko te mata, me te kakano - 87%, me te 13% te whakaatu i roto i tenei wāhanga. Ko te huānga mārō koranu - tenei karaihe kakano (5 kua o te katoa%). Tenei Babbitt kore tohaina elasticity, a no te mea kahore e whakamahia ki te whakaputa i te ahunga tino utaina. Heoi, ko reira faahiahia e hopoi mai tiketike-pāmahana huānga whakawera nui. E tano ia tapao e taua babbits ngoikore ake ki te waikura. Ratou ara - engines diesel o tarakihana me waka.

Pane arahi Babbitt - B16 (mata - huānga taketake), BS6, BN (mata, he tine, nika, parahi, te ateneke, cadmium, kakano). Ratou, rite te tine, hanga i roto i te runga ki GOST 1320-74. alloys konupūmā hāngai ki GOST 1209-90; momo - ko BK2, BKA, BK2TS, BK2SH. Pane tine Babbitt - B83, B83S (tua iti o mata), B88. Movement B83, hei tauira - ko reira 80% o te wae tine, 12% SB, a 6% parahi, i runga i toharite, 0.1% o te bismuth, mata, rino, te ateneke, konumohe. He B6 - he 88% mata, 0.3% parahi, 0.1% rino, he ōwehenga iti o te konutea me te ateneke.

koranu production

He tika ti'aturi i runga i ona kaipōti āhuatanga Babbitt. titau hoki tona production te production anake o ona āhuatanga (tukatuka o ngā rauemi tukurua ranei), no te mea ia - tino koranu tangata-i hanga. Babbitt waihanga - tenei ingots, poaka kotahi iti iho i te 22 kg. Hoki ratou te āta rite te rauemi maka - horoia, degreased. A, no te nekehia atu papatipu rewa te i te sprudinu mata - pahuka i tutu.

Production mutu ingots Babbitt makanga. taia ia o ratou te tohu hokohoko, ingoa waitohu, me te tau rangatū o te kahiwi. ngohe kaimahi o te tipu, e tohunga ana i roto i ahunga te whakarewanga, rite ingots rewa, pereki, a ringihia Babbitt i roto i te anga whanautanga.

Babbitt rewa

Hoki enei alloys e whakamahia rite te konganuku tuatahi - ore ā rāua, me te tuarua - rewa whakarewa. Haunga nga wähanga matua i tabulahia i roto i te paratarafa mua, kua tapiritia i roto i babbits cadmium, te ateneke, konutai, tellurium.

Babbit B16, BN, B88 me ētahi atu maka ki ingots (Ingot), āhuatanga e papatipu pai-tautuhi. He mea nui hoki kia kore e te mata o te Ingot kitea te contamination iti - pēhia kia ara tenei take pā te kounga o te whanau.

pā hoki waitohu Babbitt pāmahana rewa o te koranu. Ko te kupu, e rewa ana i te tino rongonui B83 Babbitt i 240 degrees, me te tine B83 - i reiti + 340-440 nekehanga i runga i te tauine kotahi.

Babbitt tono pū

Hoki ngā taipitopito o ia momo me ona ake koranu waitohu-Babbitt:

• Hono ahunga tokotoko (kōkeke tahi me te kawau hake) - tohu BM. tarakihana whakamahia. Me ratou ki kia whakakapia ki hou i roto i nga mano kiromita.
• Main te whanau - te whakamahi Babbitt B88 āta hangaia mo te tere tiketike, kawenga hihiri tiketike. Na reira, kei te pai whakamahia tenei tohu mō te reo me te tiketike-tere diesel engines.
• Ahunga mō pipelines moana wai, compressor - he ahua o BN, pai hoki pikaunga reo me tere.
• He pai ngā āhuatanga Babbitt B16 kōeke - taimaha mīhini.

Babbitt utu

A feruri i te utu o te koranu i te rohe o te Russian Federation. tei Utu i runga i nga āhuatanga Babbitt o tona waitohu. Ko te kupu, ko te utu toharite o te B16 Babbitt mata -. 350 mano moni / ton. utu o te B83 koranu kōeke - e pā ana ki 1.3 miriona moni / ton.

Ki te whakaaro tatou ki te mākete hangarua, e taea te tango 1 kg o babbit whakarewa mo te utu mōrahi o 500-600 moni. / Kg. Fele, Kei te hoko enei alloys mo ratou tikanga muri, mai taea ahunga atu faufaa meinga kino tūnguru ki te taiao me te cadmium, mata, kakano - ko mo'oni paihana te āhua a tawhio noa.

alloys Babbitt - e kore te tenenga hou. Heoi, he ratou i tenei ra tonu e hāngai ana i roto i te rehe - ara, i roto i te hanga o ahunga. He he e tika ana ki te meka e babbits reira roa, kakahu-ātete, nohopuku me te raru mitimiti ki taipitopito, whakarite ata i te waku me te tika ki tona kawe waiariki iti, te whakakore mihini. I tua atu, kaihanga whakahere pinepine o rama rerekē o Babbitt, ia o nei hāngai ki te momo motuhake rite te whanau, me te mīhini katoa o te pūkaha.