Arawhata ngā: tātai me te kaupapa

Ka rite tetahi o nga wāhanga tino nui o te pikitanga hanganga tu ngā. Ka taea e tēnei tukanga te hoatu i te kaha hoahoa mōrahi e tika ana ki te stabilization raima.

Ngā o ngā e'a raima

Arapiki hanga nukurau kotahi i roto i te mahi te whakamamaetia mau mana rerekē, me te ahotea. Ko te tonu atu te hanga taua, a i raro i te mana o tona ake taimaha, me te taimaha o te iwi e faaohipa i te reira. Tenei ai totoro o te rauemi o te papa o raro, me te pehitanga o runga.

Taua deformation ki te wā mata ki te whakangaromanga. I roto i te tikanga ki te karo taua mau hopearaa, te whakamahi i ngā hanganga ngā. kia kawea taua mahi i roto i roto i toru ngā wāhanga, ara:

• tāutanga o te puka;
• tāutanga o whare herehere ngā;
• ringihia moata raima.

Takanga o ngā rauemi me ngā taputapu

Ko te uaua tino ko te wā tuatahi. Waihanga formwork titau tiaki me te aro i runga i te wahi o te ariki. Ngā pikitanga nukurau - he tukanga matatini, e kore e taea e ki te whakatutuki i te rigidity hangarau kahore reira. Hoki te ngā o te huinga paerewa o rauemi hanga me ngā taputapu. Hei kawe i te whawhe tika ki te faaineine:

• topenga kirihou;
• wāhanga takirere e tika ana;
• whakapakari kara;
• tapatapahi waea;
• here waea;
• 4-mm mata.

Ka Me te whakamutunga mō te whakarākai wāhanga. I roto i te tahi atu mea, he mea e tika ana ki te whakarite i tētahi mahere ngā ka hiahia he huriwiri hiko, mīhini fehokotaki'anga. He mea nui te reira ki te whakatau i te tawhiti i waenganui i te ngā āhuatanga o te ngā, no te mea me whakanohoia nga tutaki whakarewa i runga i mahanga.

tāutanga o formwork

arawhata ngā tā te tāutanga o te formwork, whakamahia hoki poari kahupapa ranei rau tenei. Ka taea e koe te tono i te whārangi 5 mm. Hoki tautoko pai poraka rakau matotoru. Me tiaki formwork i te houku polyethylene tuanui ranei ua.

Me titia āhuatanga takitahi ki te tīwiri pokekore ao ranei. I roto i tenei take, i muri i taea e rawa ngāwari ki te hanga i roto i te hanganga o taua mea. piri tahi Pae i tetahi o ara e rua, e taea ai te here waea wahi ranei fehokotaki'anga. Kei te tino maha handyman whakamahia mō te tikanga honohono ā-. Heoi, ko reira tika anake i roto i te wā i reira ko ähua iti te rōrahi o te mahi. I roto i te tahi atu wā, he taputapu fehokotaki'anga, te whakaiti reira utu mahi, me te rauemi.

Hoki kia rite mai matings hua waea rino annealed he diameter 1 mm o. tapahia mua-ratou ki nga wahi o te roa rite ki te 0.3 m, i muri i kohia e ratou i te kurupae. Ka taea te mahi i tēnei e puna pokohiwi o kirihou ranei.

Te faaineineraa o te whare herehere whakaū

Ka taea e Tie wāhanga waea kia kotahi o te maha tikanga, tae atu:

• e rua-rarangi;
• kokonga;
• Phillips;
• pae mita.

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakahaere i te here, no te mea he reira āhua mahi-kaha, kia tāuta i runga i te matau huriwiri e taea te hokona i te toa taputapu. Ki te noho koe i te anō e kore koe e hiahia, he reira taea ki te kawe i roto i taua mahi ki te awhina o kūmau. Me whai wāhi arawhata ngā rua tokotoko here, ngā ratou tenei īnaki, te roa o e Me tātai i te hua o te wāhanga mapuni 50. Na, e toaati te mea timatanga i roto i te toru nga wahi o te waea tīra.

kōwhiringa Profile, me te anga tāuta

arawhata ngā kōhiwi tā te whakamahi o rakau A-400 ranei A-500, kia rite ki waenganui i te 1 me te 4 cm te wāhanga ripeka. maoro, te evroarmatura tino whakamahia nuitia. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e te aroaro o rara hake i runga i ngā taha e rua, ki te pikaunga toutou taea te whakapai ake i te reira te manawanui ngā.

Ki te kōtaha rerekē ngā tapa rahinga iti o hononga ki te otinga, na ko reira hiahia evroprutki tapawhā tona kaha ko 500 MPa. A, no te whai deformations tokotoko te adhesion tiketike ki te ranunga raima.

Ko te kaupapa o te ngā

arawhata ngā whakahaeretia i runga i hangarau tino maha, ka te mata whakaū tāuta te raro nei, me te runga ake. rite te anga te i huānga takitahi mā te hononga fehokotaki'anga ranei. Ki te tono koe i te topenga, taea reira ki a koutou whakaturia i te tūemi tukutuku ki te tetahi tawhiti.

A, no te haere mai te reira ki te arawhata hanganga nukurau, ratou tino maha i te matotoru o te kore neke atu i te 20 cm. Takoto hoki te tikanga kia tīpakohia enei titi i roto i te ara taua e kore e nui ake to ratou teitei 10 cm. Me hono i te tukutuku runga, me te raro matau. hanga tāutatanga te i runga i nga rakau ahopou, me te hiahia ki te whakarite ia ratou i roto i te tauira Pātikitiki. whakarato te kaupapa mo te ngā o te e'a nukurau ko ano hoki te whakamahi o lugs kirihou. E whakanohoia ana e ratou ki waenganui o te formwork me ngā.

Ko te whakamahi o taua āhuatanga whakarato te wae anga ōrite i roto i te arawhata Monolith. whakapumautia i te te raro ki te tapa o runga o te hanganga anga i te tawhiti o te 3 cm. kia tīmata te ngā i te raro, tenei e tika ana ki te meka e pikaunga hanganga whakahaua i runga ake.

Ko te kōwhiringa o te kaupapa ngā

Ngā o pikitanga raima ka meinga kia o whakaū rakau, ka tae mai te reira ki te hoahoa i tētahi puka ohie. takoto reira ētahi rangatira kāinga i roto i te faaineineraa o te whare herehere ngā ki te pokepokea ai i roto i te puka o takere parahi, whakarite i runga i te taha. I ētahi wā kei te whakamahia i te reira atu me kurupae, me te te koki. E kore te mea te kino o reira, engari e taea te whakaaro taua utu o rauemi me te pūngao huakore.

Ngā i roto i te wahi o raro makona hoki ope kurut Tārewa. Ki te whai koe ki te mahi ki te e'a odnomarshevoy nukurau kotahi e kua kahore winders turanga nukurau, ka hiahia ki te kia tūnga anake i te raro o te rihi, i reira nga ope arotahi kurut te anga. I te tahi taime whakapakaritia te tihi o te arawhata i te rahi maitai mata 100 x 100 x 5 mm. e kore e he huarahi taua ake i te pakeke, engari anake tiaki te fepulopulasi atamira.

he pānga pūāhua ohie pērā i runga i odnomarshevuyu arawhata ka taea te whakarato i tētahi hanganga anga whakapakaritia e te tukanga māmā. Ko te tawhiti i waenganui i te ngā hake nuinga 40 cm. I kia whakamahia reira tutaki 10-mm. Ngā stair taahiraa tā whakatau i te tiketike o te pereti mahi, te diameter o te ngā wä roa me te mokowā i waenganui i nga rakau. Me hoatu te whiriwhiri enei kōwhiringa irava noa o te rere o te arawhata.

Ko te kupu, ki te he 2 m te roa whanganga, he rite ki te paraharaha arawhata o te 10 cm te teitei iti, me te tawhiti mōrahi i waenganui i nga rakau, ko te rite ki te 19 cm, me kia waiho te diameter ngā 10 mm. Kei te nui haere te tawhā whakamutunga ki te 12 mm, ki te he rite ki te 20 cm te teitei iti mahi pereti arawhata, me te tawhiti mōrahi i waenganui i nga rakau, ko te ōrite ki te 15 cm. I roto i tenei roa whanganga arawhata ko 4 m.

wāhanga ngā Main

Koe e taea te rite koe arawhata ngā. Kōpuku, ka e kia whakaahuatia i raro, he mea e tika ana ki te pīkau i ki te ture kaute. Hei tauira, me whakapakaritia papa nukurau kore anake i raro nei, engari i runga ake, i te wahi tika o runga tonu ki kaupae. Me tīpakohia whare herehere ngā runga rite ki te ngā raro.

Pae o rua te pikitanga , ka waha i te rota o te kaha, na kia kia whakaritea e ratou i roto i te taiepa. Ki te mahi i tenei, te whakamahi i tetahi o nga kōpuku - whakapakaritia karauna raima, e te ara ki te taiepa, kia waiho tona rahi cm 20x20 mō te whakatika i te tüäpapa nukurau kotahi e hiahia ana nga taiepa o poraka raima, raima pereki ranei .. I roto i te take whakamutunga, nga rauemi o te take noa o te faahohonuraa, i te hanga o te taiepa o te raima whakapakaritia ki formwork whakatakotoria Taparara pahuka i ranei hua rakau, e he ano o whakaū wae. Hei whakanui i te pakeke hanganga o te arawhata me tuhia papa nukurau kotahi i roto i te anga whakaū raro, me te armature runga.

tātaitanga o ngā

Kaupae, ngā, te tātai o e taea te hanga e koe i tou ake, ka taea te whakaturia e koe kahore āwhina. Te whakatau i te maha o tutaki o ngā wä roa e taea e te tikanga o te whakatau i te roa o te arawhata, ki kia wehea ki crates taahiraa. I tua atu, whakanuia tenei uara e te roa o te rakau wä roa. mai te taua hangarau i roto i te take o te ripeka-hono, ka e tapiritia enei uara me e whakanuia e 2, mai te rakau anga whakaū tā te tāutanga e rua rarangi i roto i.