Archibald Cronin, "Citadel": whakarāpopoto

rata Scottish me kaituhi Archibald Cronin (1896-1981) i ora ai i te ora roa, mahue ha tukufakaholo o nga uri o ngā kōrero maha, waituhi poto, me te pā ana ki toru tatini whakaemi fakatupu tuhituhi. Te nuinga o ana pukapuka i tuhituhia ngāwari ki te mahino'i kāhua, kiriata i roto i te tau tuatahi i muri i te whakaputanga.

I teie mahana, ka haere kotahi ano ki te moni o te kaipānui ki tetahi o nga mahi tino rongonui, i hanga Archibald Cronin - "Citadel". Comments e pā ana ki tenei pukapuka kōrero e pā ki reira e hāngai take ara tenei ra, ahakoa kua kua mai te tuhituhi tata waru tekau nga tau.

Hei tomo nga piki katoa me ngā heke o te wahi, o te akoranga, pai ki te tahuri ki te pūtake taketake. Ko te atu na no te mea ua iritihia te pukapuka ki reo maha, tae atu i runga i Russian. aroaro Whakarāpopototanga o te Romana Kronina "Te Citadel" Kei roto i tenei whakaputanga. Te ti'aturi nei tatou i taua mohio ki a ia, e kore e ahei kia whakakahore koutou ahau te pai ki te pānui i te hua tino.

Taunga ki te wāhi pūāhua me te hui matua

I roto i te pene matamua o te pūrākau e kumea "Te Citadel" Archibald Cronin te kaipānui he huru o te pakihi English Society 20-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga. hopoi mai tākuta tauhou Andrew Manson iku'anga i roto i te pa maina iti, te wahi i riro ia te kaiāwhina o te Whārangi Aesculapius rohe.

Ki runga ki te taenga, ako Anaru e ka whai ia ki te mahi i te mahi katoa anake, no te mea i tona rangatira pararutiki ro'i. Wife Whārangi, ka mohio takitahi kaumātua cantankerous te taenga o te riri me te tarai a Manson i nga ara ki te kino ki a ia.

te tuakiri

Ka rite ki te rata i te whakangungu, Archibald Cronin "Citadel" tukutaha e raruraru hauora. Kua whakaahuatia te kaupae pūrākau tākuta taitamariki tuatahi i te mara tīpakohia. haamata Practice kore he katoa angitu Manson. meinga Zaneduzhivshemu ki te manawanui, kia Anaru uaua te whakatau i te take o te mate. I maoro tutaki ia Filippom Denni, e, ahakoa whakatoatoa ahua whakakake, engari tauturu tonu te hoa hanga he tātaritanga tika ki te manawanui.

Huri i te reira i roto i taua ko te pa i raro i te riri o te urutā mua. Whakahenga hoki tenei ko te kore o te rerenga parukore, ai reira raruraru i roto i te pūnaha paipa. Manson ki Denny karanga ki nga mana, ki te hanga hanga. Ka rahua, faaoti te iwi taitamariki ki te whakatangi ake te putorino paipa waikuratia, i meinga he puna o te horapa o te mate whakamate.

Ko te takenga mai o te aroha

Ko te pukapuka "Te Citadel" (tuhituhi A. Cronin reira i roto i 1937), heheu kore anake te hanganga o ngā raruraru pāpori o te wā, engari e kōrero ana hoki e pā ana ki te wheako whaiaro o te pūāhua. I roto i tetahi o nga ra o tona noho i roto i te pa tutaki Blenelli Endryu Menson Kristin Berlou. e to ratou hui wahi i roto i te institution mātauranga wahi haere te tākuta ki te oblige kaiako ki te ārai i te mahi o ngā tamariki mamae i karawaka nei teina ranei tuahine. Miss Barlow, mahi rite te haapii, ngā tonu ki Manson.

I muri mai, kua kite i ia i pā ana ki kua ngaro te whakarau uaua o nga kotiro ratou matua wawe, a te mutunga rawa e kainga o tona ngakau Christine. I roto i te ngakau o Manson tīmata ki te tahu i te ahi o te aroha pono.

Ko te hanahana o whakaaro

"Citadel" (Kronina Roma) - he kōrero e pā ana ki i whiua e te hero morare, fehangahangai ki te kōwhiringa: he whakaaro pono hauora haamaitairaa matewai ranei. I roto i te pene tuatahi puta Manson hua ki te kaiaka kaipānui o te rongoā, kua whakahaua ana wawata katoa ki te āwhina ta'esiokita ki te iwi ahakoa o ratou moni mana pāpori ranei.

Ka tutaki i te Congress o te British Medical Union Freddie Hemsonom, Andrew mana'o oto tūturu ina rongo ia i nga tautohetohe o ingoa tona hoa o mua, moni, neke ake i te arawhata umanga. Ko taea e te tauira o te protagonist ko ia Cronin. "Citadel" i roto i te puka toi ki te whakapuaki i to ratou tirohanga o te kaituhi o te tikanga hauora.

angitu wawe me te hūnuku takoha

Andrew tutuki etahi angitu i roto i ona mahi. whakahaere ia ki te whakaora tetahi o nga noho o disorders hinengaro, me te whakaora ia ratou i te mate o te tamaiti hou kua roa i tukua i te pākoko tona whaea. Ko te maitai o te tangata taitamariki e kore e haere hia, toku whakahaere Manson tuku ki te tango i te tūranga o te tākuta hei utu o Dr. Whārangi. Andrew hanahana kore tenei tirohanga, e kore e hiahia ki te waiho tona rangatira, kahore he oranga.

Ka riro i te utuafare i te wahine o o e rima kini te tamaiti ngote, Manson e ratou i roto i te pūkete pēke. whakaae tenei te wahine o Dr. Whārangi ka kaikorero Anaru o tahae moni i tana tane. karanga Young tākuta nga kaiwhakaatu o tona hara, me te ai whakarihariha Mrs Paige ki tatarahapa. I muri whakatau e Manson ki te waiho i te mahi, me te hohoro oho ki tetahi atu pa maina, te wahi i whakaekea e ia te mahi.

Ngaahi Tefito'i Mo'oni me angatu'ú

I roto i te pa o Eberle, Manson tuku tona hoa here ki marena ia. whakaae Kristin, a ka timata te tokorua ki te pīkau i te ora i roto i te wahi hou. Tata tonu i Andrew whakatika raru i te mahi. Miners amuamu ka whakahore tākuta mau ia vai ma ratou ki te tukua mai poroporoaki mate ore. pakanga tamarû iho hohoro, ka he regulars te tokorua Manson porohita whiriwhiri tāone, kia hoa ki te rangatira o maina waro e Richard Vaughan.

I te wa ano, ka tutaki Anaru ki te tākuta i te ingoa o Kohn Bolend. Tenei tangata kua he hinaaro mahorahora me te tirohanga anaanatae i runga i te ora. I waenganui Manson ko Bolendom titia whanaunga hoa. Fakataha tamata ratou ki te riria atu hoa ki te mutu ki te utu i te ōrau o ratou moni i te tākuta pa matua. Ko te initiator o nga whakaaro whakakeke hanga Manson, engari motu i tetahi ki tetahi, he niho, e kore kua i tautokona ai.

Taahiraa i te taahiraa hopoi tona huru ki te tango tetahi rohe morare i huaina "Huhana" Cronin. Film i runga i te pūrākau i roto i te tau 1938, i te aroaro i te "Oscar" tohu i roto i te wha kāwai. Na matou me whakapono e te tūranga matua i roto i te rongonui o ngā kiriata takaro te hinganga o te kaituhi, me te hāngaitanga o ngā take pāpori whakaarahia.

wikitoria Pūtaiao, me ati whaiaro

e nohoia Manson koronga ki te huri i te raupapa ngā i roto i te pūnaha hauora o te whenua o. ite ia e titau tenei te whakatutukitanga e kore anake o te kaimahi, engari ano te matauranga pūtaiao hohonu. Anaru ki tona matenga rumakina i roto i o ratou akoranga, tūhura te raruraru o te mate pūkahukahu i roto i nga kaimahi mahi i roto i te waro, a ka pai awhina tona tuhinga, ka riro te tohu o Doctor o Pūtaiao.

mahi a Manson i tino mauruuru e te tohunga kāinga me te ke. e tuku pūtaiao American Richard Andrew Stilmen te pukapuka, e korero te oaoa e pā ana ki te hua o tona rangahau pūtaiao.

I roto i te wā taua i roto i te ora o te ati whaiaro o Manson puta. Christine, e hapu ana, taka i te piriti tawhito me mona tona tamaiti. I tua atu, puta reira e whakaputa tūturu te whara taitama wahine hari o metua vahine.

I muri i te tahi mau wa, ano te whakarau o te tākuta kōkuhu te waka. Miners i te tīmatanga ki bated ia hara, e whakawakia Manson o memeha kararehe, kia rite ki te nuinga o ona ngā pūtaiao kawea atu i roto i poaka hereni i. Ka rite ki te mea o te ru haere hui o te komiti e mahi mo te whakaaro o te tango i te tari o te tākuta Anaru. Ko Manson, kahore tatari mo tetahi whakatau, noa rīhaina.

Moving ki London, me te taunga ki monde beau o te whakapaipai

I roto i nga rire o te ngā hou unexplored whiua tona huru Archibald Cronin. Whare kingi, ki tonu i te mau faahemaraa, heheu te tauahi i te aroaro o Manson. Mahue kahore he mahi, kitea rawatia ake riro Anaru he fakaafe ki te pou o te mātanga i roto i te Komiti māuiuitanga mahi i roto i maina waro me te metallorudnyh. I muri i neke ki tana wahine ki a London, whakaatu i Manson e kore ko te mahi o te komiti mo ia, rite kore e reira hoatu he faingamālie ki ite ratou tohungatanga ngaio.

Mahue pou uninteresting, kei te ngana Andrew ki te kitea te mahi tūmataiti. Ko titau tenei moni, e kore te mea nui te whānau. E te tupono waimarie te manawanui riro Manson March Kremb - Kaimahi tetahi o ngā toa tino whaimana o te whakapaipai. E taunaki ana te wahine tākuta, ki te whakaora ia mate pāwera, toku hoa. I maoro maheni Endryu Menson ki te tangata taonga, me nga kaipakihi mana London tahuri ki a ia mo te maimoatanga hauora nei wahine.

Ko te waewae o te "kuao kau koura"

Ehara i te ahi, te hoari, me te parahi putorino a'usia he hero Dr. Cronin. Whare e te ahua o te kuao kau koura, i roto i te mana o e ko Manson. Wareware e pā ana ki ana ponana pai, Andrew riro he mema o te rata hapori e whai pai i te mamae, me te mamae o tūroro. Hoki te whakaaro ki o te hua o enei nui Aesculapius whakapatia iwi e te arata'iraa i runga i te ara, engari maha maumau, me te tae noa kino ki te ngā tukanga hauora.

whai wāhi Manson te i roto i enei mahi teka, ahakoa tono lacrimal o tana wahine kore ki te hoko i to ratou kororia ngaio, me te kororia. Kua skyrocketed hua, pupuritia Anaru he mahi tūmataiti i roto i tetahi o nga wāhi tino utu o te pa. Christine whakatau he te whanonga o tana tahu, engari meinga ana tawai Manson ritenga anake. Tonoa tana wahine mo te raumati i roto i te pa maina i te aniraa o te tokorua Vaughan, Andrew kua he take ki tetahi o nga kotiro o te hapori nui - Frensis Lorens.

tirohanga Inamata me te mamae o te mate

I roto i te whakahaeretanga o ohie e mau Dr. Ivory, nei whakaaro ko te tākuta wheako i roto i te hapori, i roto i te mua o Manson patua te manawanui. Ko te mōhio o te mea kei roto i te porohita o Herekiu hauora kua ngaro nei, mīharo e pai, o ratou pūkenga ngaio Anaru. Manson, whakama o tona ngoikore ake, me te Tuhinga i roto i enei kākā, whakatau ki te waiho i te hapori.

I muri i te tahi mau wa, parau te hoa tawhito o Cohn Bolend Manson e ko tino mate mate tana tamahine. I roto i te kotiro London Clinic, e mate ana i te mate kohi, e kore i taea e te āwhina. Andrew e tuku a Meri i roto i te huihui whenua, te wahi hanga ai te mahi o te tikanga hou whakawhanakehia e Richard Stilmenom. Ka rite ki te hua, te tamahine Bolenda tino ora.

Insight tane whakakiia te wairua ki te hari, Christine. Kotahi ra, te uhi i te tepu mo te tina, haamana'o kore ka hokona e ia te tīhi, i te mea na rite Anaru. E rere ana ki roto ki te toa, kei puta noa te huarahi i to ratou whare, patua Christine te i raro i te wira o te pahi.

A. Cronin, "Citadel": he whakarāpopototanga o te wahi whakamutunga

I muri tanu tana wahine, tahi ki a Piripi Manson Danny whakatau ki te neke i te whakapaipai ki te whare monaki mamao. Āta ora i te mate, i haere Anaru mo te moni i te hoko o te mahi London ki te whakatuwhera i te whare hauora pekanga-i roto i tetahi o nga pa porowini. Hoki take pai, anake Piripi, piri Dr. PIMU ki i tutaki Manson i te taviniraa i roto i te Komiti.

Hoa he hassle pukumahi o te kōwhiri i te whare e tika ana, engari ka Anaru haapii e kawea ana e ia he take marae mō te āwhina i te tangata e kore e whai te tika ki te mahi rongoa. Ko reira e pā ana ki Mr. Stilmene kahore nei, he tohu tākuta, whakaorangia tūroro TB Woman. Ko te initiator o nga whakahaerenga ko Dr. Ivory, e pupuri ana i te mauahara ki a Manson ka kitea e ia tana apīraa ngaio.

ka whai Andrew ki te whakarongo ki te whakawa o te Kaunihera Medical. Ki te kore e tahuri ki te take i roto i tona manakohia, te mahi hauora hoki ia e kia rāhuitia ake. E kore e te putanga pai o ngā whakapono rōia ara o te tākuta. I roto i te whakamatautauranga, kei te ngana te kaiwawao ki te riria nga kaiwhakawa e Manson, ahakoa, ka kua mahia he mahi hē, i reira ko kahore he whakaaro kino.

Na ka tango ia i te kupu Anaru. au ia ki te marae ki te kupu a ahi, mahara e maha devotees e kua hanga he takoha ki te pūtaiao, i kahore whakangungu hauora. Manson, tautāwhi i te tauira o Lui Pastera, Vladimir Khavkin, Ilya Mechnikov, e karanga ana i runga i nga kaiwhakawa ki te whakakahore i whakatoihara me te kore titiro ki te pōkairua, a mo hua tūturu.

kaiwhakatika Medical Kaunihera Manson, a ia ko ona hoa e teuteu ki te waiho mo Stenboro pa te wahi e whakatuwhera ratou he whare hauora hou. I mua i te tereina i mahue te haora e noho Andrew i roto i te urupā puku i runga i te urupa o tona wahine aroha.