Avetik Isahakyan: haurongo me mahi

mahue Famous pehe Armenian Avetik Isahakyan he kainga tupu nui tuhituhi, i te mea tonu i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20, ka reira e wātea ana ki ngā kaipānui Russian-korero i roto i te iritiraa i Alexander poraka, Bryusov, Ivan Bunin ko Pasternak. No ngā iti ko te kōrero o tona ora, i roto i nga tau o te Soviet Union i te aroaro ki te iwi whānui i roto i te puka āta whakatika. I roto i ngā, ara 20-30 tau ki muri, ara i roto i Armenia iho, i mohio torutoru iwi e te toa o te Stalin paraihe o te tohu tuatahi i roto i 1921, ka mau te wahi kaha i roto i te whakahaere o "Operation te Tika".

Avetik Isahakyan: A Biography (tamarikitanga)

whanau te rohi pehe i roto i te 1875 i roto i Alexandropol Erivan Province (kingitanga Russian, inaianei Gyumri, Armenia). Tona papa - Sahak Isahakyan - ko te tama a manene i te Bayezid Tahito, e i takoha i roto i 1828 ki te waiho tona whare, ka haere atu ki nga hōia Russian whati i roto i te awaawa Shirak.

Ka rite ki te tamaiti, he iti kuia avo mātauranga me te whaea Almast. Ka rite ki maha ia parau i muri, personified ratou hoki a ia i te pai o te wahine patereareha Armenian, kanga ore ki tona whānau, me pai ki te mau tetahi mamae mo te whakaaro ki o tona te pai. Mai ratou i rongo ia he tokomaha tales o pūrākau, i meinga te pūtake o te mahi pai i tuhituhia e ia.

Ako i roto i te haapiiraa evanelia

ka anga ana irava tuatahi Avetik Isahakyan tuhituhi i tau 11. Aita i maoro roa ka haere tona utuafare i runga i te manene ki St. Echmiadzin, i reira ka tutaki ia ki ngā ākonga o te pai-mohiotia puta noa i te Karaitiana Te Tai Rāwhiti Gevorgyan Seminary. Ahakoa whakaaetia te matauranga hongofulu ki haere te whakamātautau tomokanga ia, e hiahiatia ana te institution te whakahaere ki te tuku i te tuhinga mō te mātauranga tuatahi, kahore i nei i Isahakyan. Na ka ka tohutohu ana mātua ki te tonoa tana tama ki te kura mo te tau i te ohu whakapono Archa. whakakitea He Avetik uaua nui, a hoki ana ki Echmiadzin i 1889, i whāngai tonu i roto i te 3 piha haapiiraa evanelia.

Ka rite ki te tahi atu ngā ākonga 150 e haere mai i ngā wāhanga rerekē o Eastern me Western Armenia i roto i 1891 ka mau Avetik Isahakyan wahi i roto i te koroke ākonga. Ko tētahi o te whakaritenga o te iwi taitamariki, kihai nei i pai ki te haere i te kauhau, i ki te wewete ratou i o ratou mirootrecheniya taurangi opani kōrero ki waho, ki te kahore hoki te haerenga whānau wā ruarua. Kore he o ratou ake, he maha ngā ākonga o te akomanga waenganui, tae atu i te heke mai o te rohi pehe rongonui, mahue te haapiiraa evanelia.

Ako ki waho

Ko te matauranga riro i roto i te haapiiraa evanelia, i reira i roto i te tua ki kaupapa minita utua he rota o te whakarongo i ki te whakaako o reo ke, kua awhinatia Avetiku Isaakyanu i tona tere i roto i Europe, i roto i nei i 1892 ki te 1895, ako ia rapunga whakaaro me te anthropology i te University o Leipzig. Na ka haere te tangata taitama ki Geneva, te wahi tae ia nga kauwhau o G. V. Plehanova, nei i hanga he ongo nui ki runga ki a ia.

Hono nga rarangi o "Dashnaktsutiun"

A, no te hoki ia ki a Eastern Armenia, faaoti Avetik Isahakyan ki horo'a ia ki te aroraa tōrangapū. Ki tenei, piri ia nga rarangi o ngā mahi ture i runga i te rohe o te Russian Empire, tetahi o matamua nga rōpū Armenian tōrangapū "Dashnaktsutyun". kore kua riro tona ngā hia, a i roto i 1896 i mauheretia te pehe, a pau he tau i roto i te whare herehere, Erivan, i muri i whakahekea e ia ki a Odessa.

Whiwhi whakaaetanga ki te haere ki waho, ka whakatutehu ia ki Zurich, te wahi rongo ia ki kauwhau i runga i tuhinga me te hītori o te kaupapa i te whare wānanga rohe. Heoi kihai i taea e Isaakyan noho roa atu i te kāinga, ka hoki ki Alexandroupoli i 1902, ano ka whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga pāhoro ki te kāwanatanga tsarist. ka ui ia tona aroaro i roto i Tbilisi, te wahi hopukina ano te rohi pehe i roto i 1908 ka i tonoa tahi 6 marama ki Metekhi whare herehere ki ngā māngai o te intelligentsia Armenian.

Life i roto i te whakarau

Te hanga tino e kore Isaakyan e "re-mātauranga", kua whakaritea e te mana i runga i tona pana i te rohe o te Russian Empire. I roto i te 1911, i akina te pehe i ki te waiho i te whenua, ka noho i roto i Germany. I te timatanga o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao, ko ia tino āwangawanga e pā ana ki te raruraru o Ararata i Turkey, i reira te kāwanatanga o taua whenua whakapae o tautoko Russia. I te wa ano i raro ki te whakatoi, me pogroms, ara nga tangata o nga wāhi i nga i te tawhiti o nga mano o kiromita i te raina mua.

I roto i te tikanga ki te ārai i te Isaakyan kohuru ki a Johannes Lepsius ko Paulem Rorbahom, whakaritea e te Tiamana-Armenian Society, i ko ki te utu whakarongo Western i runga i te ati o te mau Kerisetiano Eastern. Heoi, i kāore i whai katoa ki te ārai i te kohuru, a i roto i te 1915 hoa o Germany - Young Turkey - kua pai whakatinana tetahi o ona whāinga matua - te whakaoranga o Western Armenia i te taupori Māori i roto i tona kohuru.

Avetik Isahakyan: tūranga i roto i te mahi "te Tika"

Ahakoa i muri i te mutunga o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao, kua whakahe i Turkey iho nga ngā o te tāmate, ka whiua i roto i te absentia ki etahi, tae atu tetahi mema o te kāwanatanga "kāwanatanga takitoru" Talaat Pasha, ki te mate, te nuinga o ratou e noho ana te pai i roto i Europe. I roto i te 1919, he rōpū o ngā mema o "Dashnaktsutyun" eke i runga i te mahere utu. Kua whakawhanakehia ratou mahi "te Tika", e uhinga a te whakangaromanga tinana o nga ngā o te kohuru kua. ka mau Isaakyan Avetik Saakovich wahi kaha i roto i reira.

E ai ki nga pūkete tuhituhia tiaki, e kore te tika hopu i te reira iho whati i Germany o kaimahi kino Turkish, engari tūao hoki ki kia rua o te shooter, i koperea Talaat Pasha, ki te Soghomon Tehliryan ngaro. tū te kohuru o te Minita o mua o Internal Affairs o Turkey i 15 Maehe 1921 i roto i Berlin. I roto i tenei take, e kore Isahakian te pokanoa e hiahiatia ana, engari he marae Tiamana, tahuri ki te ahua o Nuremberg Trial o nga kaimahi kino mladoturkskimi whakatikaia kaitakitaki Armenian.

Hoki i te whakarau

I roto i te hawhe tuarua o te thirties o te rau tau whakamutunga, hei te āhua Soviet kua ake kaha i roto i hoki mai ki te USSR o pūkenga rongonui. I roto i te hunga e taumau tautoko tonu ki te kāinga, ka ko Avetik Isahakyan, e kua korero i roto i te press Pākehā i roto i te tautoko o te kaupapa maha o te kāwanatanga taitamariki. hoki ia ki a Yerevan i 1936, ka i pōtitia Tiamana o te Armenian Writers 'Union o te USSR, academician o te Academy o Pūtaiao me te mema Republican o te Kaunihera Hupirimi. mate Poet i roto i 1957, ka tanumia i roto i te Pahiona o te pa o Yerevan.

hanga

Ko te mea matua ko te mea mohiotia ko Avetik Isahakyan - rotarota e pā ana ki motherland, e pā ana ki te wahi taimaha o te kaimahi mau, me tona imiraa i te haere noa. E rave rahi i roto i te pehe, me mahi lyrical, rongonui nei mo te aroha o te wahine me te whaea.

Taa'eraa retellings whiti o pūrākau i tuhituhia e ia, pērā i "ngakau o whaea" ( "Mor Sirte"). Avetik Isahakyan i roto i tenei mahi parau te aamu o te tangata taitamariki, i nei titau te ataahua nanakia te tohu o te aroha, te ngakau o tona whaea. I muri i nui feaa, mahi te tangata taitama pouri he aroha tono, me te whakamate i te wahine nei i hanga i te reira ki te marama. A, no te wiwi ia ki tona aroha, ka tutuki te reira, engari ka mea te ngakau o tona whaea i roto i tona ringa: "taku tamaiti rawakore, kihai i i ahatia koe koe?"

Na e matau ana koutou e founga noho ora uaua Avetik Isahakyan. Poems i Armenian, i hanga e ia, te rongonga o nga kura katoa i roto i tona whenua, a ka tauturu i te mau tamaroa e te mau tamahine ako te tau-tawhito te whakaaro nui o te iwi, te kakahu i roto i te puka tųpuna.